libgit2 has two distinct requirements that were previously solved by
`git_buf`.  We require:

1. A general purpose string class that provides a number of utility APIs
   for manipulating data (eg, concatenating, truncating, etc).
2. A structure that we can use to return strings to callers that they
   can take ownership of.

By using a single class (`git_buf`) for both of these purposes, we have
confused the API to the point that refactorings are difficult and
reasoning about correctness is also difficult.

Move the utility class `git_buf` to be called `git_str`: this represents
its general purpose, as an internal string buffer class.  The name also
is an homage to Junio Hamano ("gitstr").

The public API remains `git_buf`, and has a much smaller footprint.  It
is generally only used as an "out" param with strict requirements that
follow the documentation.  (Exceptions exist for some legacy APIs to
avoid breaking callers unnecessarily.)

Utility functions exist to convert a user-specified `git_buf` to a
`git_str` so that we can call internal functions, then converting it
back again.

The signing callback should not be used; instead, callers should provide
a commit_create_cb, perform the signing and commit creation themselves.

Introduce a new mechanism for `git_rebase_commit` for callers to
customize the experience.  Instead of assuming that we produce the
commit for them, provide a commit creation callback that allows callers
to produce the commit themselves and return the resulting commit id.

Add sign capability to git_rebase_commit

Use ci_git_fail_with where appropriate.
Use correct initializer for callback.

The rebase struct stores fields with information about the current
rebase process, which were not accessible via a public interface.

Accessors for getting the `orig_head` and `onto` branch
names and object ids have been added.

In the case that we want to build merge + commit, cherrypick + commit, or even just build a commit with signing callback, `git_rebase_commit_signature_cb` particular callback should be made more generic. We also renamed `signature_cb` to `signing_cb` to improve clarity on the purpose of the callback (build a difference between a git_signature and the act of signing).

So we've ended up with `git_commit_signing_cb`.