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diff --git a/docs/integrating.rst b/docs/integrating.rst new file mode 100644 index 00000000..32ab37e0 --- /dev/null +++ b/docs/integrating.rst @@ -0,0 +1,73 @@ +.. cmd2 documentation for integration with other tools + +Integrating cmd2 with external tools +==================================== + +Throughout this documentation we have focused on the **90%** use case, that is the use case we believe around 90+% of +our user base is looking for. This focuses on ease of use and the best out-of-the-box experience where developers get +the most functionality for the least amount of effort. We are talking about running cmd2 applications with the +``cmdloop()`` method:: + + from cmd2 import Cmd + class App(Cmd): + # customized attributes and methods here + app = App() + app.cmdloop() + +However, there are some limitations to this way of using +``cmd2``, mainly that ``cmd2`` owns the inner loop of a program. This can be unnecessarily restrictive and can prevent +using libraries which depend on controlling their own event loop. + + +Integrating cmd2 with event loops +--------------------------------- + +Many Python concurrency libraries involve or require an event loop which they are in control of such as asyncio_, +gevent_, Twisted_, etc. + +.. _asyncio: https://docs.python.org/3/library/asyncio.html +.. _gevent: http://www.gevent.org/ +.. _Twisted: https://twistedmatrix.com + +``cmd2`` applications can be executed in a fashion where ``cmd2`` doesn't own the main loop for the program by using +code like the following:: + + import cmd2 + + class Cmd2EventBased(cmd2.Cmd): + def __init__(self): + cmd2.Cmd.__init__(self) + + # ... your class code here ... + + if __name__ == '__main__': + app = Cmd2EventBased() + app.preloop() + + # Do this within whatever event loop mechanism you wish to run a single command + cmd_line_text = "help history" + app.onecmd_plus_hooks(cmd_line_text) + + app.postloop() + +The **onecmd_plus_hooks()** method will do the following to execute a single ``cmd2`` command in a normal fashion: + +#. Parse the command line text +#. Execute postparsing_precmd() +#. Add the command to the history +#. Apply output redirection, if present +#. Execute precmd() +#. Execute onecmd() - this is what actually runs the command +#. Execute postcmd() +#. Undo output rediriection (if present) and perform piping, if present +#. Execute postparsing_postcmd() + +Running in this fashion enables the ability to integrate with an external event loop. However, how to integrate with +any specific event loop is beyond the scope of this documentation. Please note that running in this fashion comes with +several disadvantages, including: + +* Requires the developer to write more code +* Does not support transcript testing +* Does not allow commands at invocation via command-line arguments + + |