+ Some cases had restructuring of code.

+ FIX TestRepo.test_submodule_update():
  + submod: del `.git` file prior overwrite; Windows denied otherwise!
+ FIX TestRepo.test_untracked_files():
  + In the `git add <file>` case, it failed with unicode args on PY2.
Had to
encode them with `locale.getpreferredencoding()` AND use SHELL.
+ cmd: add `shell` into `execute()` kwds, for overriding USE_SHELL per
command.
+ repo: replace blocky `communicate()` in `_clone()` with thread-pumps.
+ test_repo.py: unittestize (almost  all) assertions.
+ Replace open --> with open for index (base and TC).
+ test_index.py: Enabled a dormant assertion. 

+ Cannot `index.path` into ENV, it is bytes!
+ The hook TC never runs on linux!
+ Unblock removal of odbfile in perf-large streams TC.
+ Attempt to unblock removal of submodule file by intensive cleaning.

more unblock files

Assure that gpgsig is not initialized with None
to allow the automatic deserialization to kick in.

Fixes #500

Previously, GitPython chokes on this while decoding.  Rather than
choking, instead accept the error and replace the invalid bytes by the
� (\x80) char.

This adds 2 properties to commits.  Their values are derived from the
existing data stored on them, but this makes them more conveniently
queryable:

    - authored_datetime
    - committed_datetime

These return "aware" datetimes, so they are effectively companions to
their raw timestamp equivalents, respectively `authored_date` and
`committed_date`.

These datetime instances are convenient structures since they show the
author-local commit date and their UTC offset.

The problem is that a per-tree modification API cannot work properly, as the sorting is based
on full paths of all entries within the repository. This feat can only be achieved by the index,
which to my knowledge already does it correctly.

The only fix is to remove the misleading API entirely, which will happen in the next commit.

Related to #369

[skip ci]