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diff --git a/numpy/doc/DISTUTILS.txt b/numpy/doc/DISTUTILS.txt deleted file mode 100644 index b2027e619..000000000 --- a/numpy/doc/DISTUTILS.txt +++ /dev/null @@ -1,546 +0,0 @@ -.. -*- rest -*- - -NumPy Distutils - Users Guide -============================= - -:Author: Pearu Peterson <pearu@cens.ioc.ee> -:Discussions to: scipy-dev@scipy.org -:Created: October 2005 -:Revision: $LastChangedRevision$ -:SVN source: $HeadURL$ - -.. contents:: - -SciPy structure -''''''''''''''' - -Currently SciPy project consists of two packages: - -- NumPy (previously called SciPy core) --- it provides packages like: - - + numpy.distutils - extension to Python distutils - + numpy.f2py - a tool to bind Fortran/C codes to Python - + numpy.core - future replacement of Numeric and numarray packages - + numpy.lib - extra utility functions - + numpy.testing - numpy-style tools for unit testing - + etc - -- SciPy --- a collection of scientific tools for Python. - -The aim of this document is to describe how to add new tools to SciPy. - - -Requirements for SciPy packages -''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' - -SciPy consists of Python packages, called SciPy packages, that are -available to Python users via the ``scipy`` namespace. Each SciPy package -may contain other SciPy packages. And so on. Therefore, the SciPy -directory tree is a tree of packages with arbitrary depth and width. -Any SciPy package may depend on NumPy packages but the dependence on other -SciPy packages should be kept minimal or zero. - -A SciPy package contains, in addition to its sources, the following -files and directories: - - + ``setup.py`` --- building script - + ``info.py`` --- contains documentation and import flags - + ``__init__.py`` --- package initializer - + ``tests/`` --- directory of unittests - -Their contents are described below. - -The ``setup.py`` file -''''''''''''''''''''' - -In order to add a Python package to SciPy, its build script (``setup.py``) -must meet certain requirements. The most important requirement is that the -package define a ``configuration(parent_package='',top_path=None)`` function -which returns a dictionary suitable for passing to -``numpy.distutils.core.setup(..)``. To simplify the construction of -this dictionary, ``numpy.distutils.misc_util`` provides the -``Configuration`` class, described below. - -SciPy pure Python package example ---------------------------------- - -Below is an example of a minimal ``setup.py`` file for a pure Scipy package:: - - #!/usr/bin/env python - def configuration(parent_package='',top_path=None): - from numpy.distutils.misc_util import Configuration - config = Configuration('mypackage',parent_package,top_path) - return config - - if __name__ == "__main__": - from numpy.distutils.core import setup - #setup(**configuration(top_path='').todict()) - setup(configuration=configuration) - -The arguments of the ``configuration`` function specifiy the name of -parent SciPy package (``parent_package``) and the directory location -of the main ``setup.py`` script (``top_path``). These arguments, -along with the name of the current package, should be passed to the -``Configuration`` constructor. - -The ``Configuration`` constructor has a fourth optional argument, -``package_path``, that can be used when package files are located in -a different location than the directory of the ``setup.py`` file. - -Remaining ``Configuration`` arguments are all keyword arguments that will -be used to initialize attributes of ``Configuration`` -instance. Usually, these keywords are the same as the ones that -``setup(..)`` function would expect, for example, ``packages``, -``ext_modules``, ``data_files``, ``include_dirs``, ``libraries``, -``headers``, ``scripts``, ``package_dir``, etc. However, the direct -specification of these keywords is not recommended as the content of -these keyword arguments will not be processed or checked for the -consistency of SciPy building system. - -Finally, ``Configuration`` has ``.todict()`` method that returns all -the configuration data as a dictionary suitable for passing on to the -``setup(..)`` function. - -``Configuration`` instance attributes -------------------------------------- - -In addition to attributes that can be specified via keyword arguments -to ``Configuration`` constructor, ``Configuration`` instance (let us -denote as ``config``) has the following attributes that can be useful -in writing setup scripts: - -+ ``config.name`` - full name of the current package. The names of parent - packages can be extracted as ``config.name.split('.')``. - -+ ``config.local_path`` - path to the location of current ``setup.py`` file. - -+ ``config.top_path`` - path to the location of main ``setup.py`` file. - -``Configuration`` instance methods ----------------------------------- - -+ ``config.todict()`` --- returns configuration dictionary suitable for - passing to ``numpy.distutils.core.setup(..)`` function. - -+ ``config.paths(*paths) --- applies ``glob.glob(..)`` to items of - ``paths`` if necessary. Fixes ``paths`` item that is relative to - ``config.local_path``. - -+ ``config.get_subpackage(subpackage_name,subpackage_path=None)`` --- - returns a list of subpackage configurations. Subpackage is looked in the - current directory under the name ``subpackage_name`` but the path - can be specified also via optional ``subpackage_path`` argument. - If ``subpackage_name`` is specified as ``None`` then the subpackage - name will be taken the basename of ``subpackage_path``. - Any ``*`` used for subpackage names are expanded as wildcards. - -+ ``config.add_subpackage(subpackage_name,subpackage_path=None)`` --- - add SciPy subpackage configuration to the current one. The meaning - and usage of arguments is explained above, see - ``config.get_subpackage()`` method. - -+ ``config.add_data_files(*files)`` --- prepend ``files`` to ``data_files`` - list. If ``files`` item is a tuple then its first element defines - the suffix of where data files are copied relative to package installation - directory and the second element specifies the path to data - files. By default data files are copied under package installation - directory. For example, - - :: - - config.add_data_files('foo.dat', - ('fun',['gun.dat','nun/pun.dat','/tmp/sun.dat']), - 'bar/car.dat'. - '/full/path/to/can.dat', - ) - - will install data files to the following locations - - :: - - <installation path of config.name package>/ - foo.dat - fun/ - gun.dat - pun.dat - sun.dat - bar/ - car.dat - can.dat - - Path to data files can be a function taking no arguments and - returning path(s) to data files -- this is a useful when data files - are generated while building the package. (XXX: explain the step - when this function are called exactly) - -+ ``config.add_data_dir(data_path)`` --- add directory ``data_path`` - recursively to ``data_files``. The whole directory tree starting at - ``data_path`` will be copied under package installation directory. - If ``data_path`` is a tuple then its first element defines - the suffix of where data files are copied relative to package installation - directory and the second element specifies the path to data directory. - By default, data directory are copied under package installation - directory under the basename of ``data_path``. For example, - - :: - - config.add_data_dir('fun') # fun/ contains foo.dat bar/car.dat - config.add_data_dir(('sun','fun')) - config.add_data_dir(('gun','/full/path/to/fun')) - - will install data files to the following locations - - :: - - <installation path of config.name package>/ - fun/ - foo.dat - bar/ - car.dat - sun/ - foo.dat - bar/ - car.dat - gun/ - foo.dat - bar/ - car.dat - -+ ``config.add_include_dirs(*paths)`` --- prepend ``paths`` to - ``include_dirs`` list. This list will be visible to all extension - modules of the current package. - -+ ``config.add_headers(*files)`` --- prepend ``files`` to ``headers`` - list. By default, headers will be installed under - ``<prefix>/include/pythonX.X/<config.name.replace('.','/')>/`` - directory. If ``files`` item is a tuple then it's first argument - specifies the installation suffix relative to - ``<prefix>/include/pythonX.X/`` path. This is a Python distutils - method; its use is discouraged for NumPy and SciPy in favour of - ``config.add_data_files(*files)``. - -+ ``config.add_scripts(*files)`` --- prepend ``files`` to ``scripts`` - list. Scripts will be installed under ``<prefix>/bin/`` directory. - -+ ``config.add_extension(name,sources,*kw)`` --- create and add an - ``Extension`` instance to ``ext_modules`` list. The first argument - ``name`` defines the name of the extension module that will be - installed under ``config.name`` package. The second argument is - a list of sources. ``add_extension`` method takes also keyword - arguments that are passed on to the ``Extension`` constructor. - The list of allowed keywords is the following: ``include_dirs``, - ``define_macros``, ``undef_macros``, ``library_dirs``, ``libraries``, - ``runtime_library_dirs``, ``extra_objects``, ``extra_compile_args``, - ``extra_link_args``, ``export_symbols``, ``swig_opts``, ``depends``, - ``language``, ``f2py_options``, ``module_dirs``, ``extra_info``. - - Note that ``config.paths`` method is applied to all lists that - may contain paths. ``extra_info`` is a dictionary or a list - of dictionaries that content will be appended to keyword arguments. - The list ``depends`` contains paths to files or directories - that the sources of the extension module depend on. If any path - in the ``depends`` list is newer than the extension module, then - the module will be rebuilt. - - The list of sources may contain functions ('source generators') - with a pattern ``def <funcname>(ext, build_dir): return - <source(s) or None>``. If ``funcname`` returns ``None``, no sources - are generated. And if the ``Extension`` instance has no sources - after processing all source generators, no extension module will - be built. This is the recommended way to conditionally define - extension modules. Source generator functions are called by the - ``build_src`` command of ``numpy.distutils``. - - For example, here is a typical source generator function:: - - def generate_source(ext,build_dir): - import os - from distutils.dep_util import newer - target = os.path.join(build_dir,'somesource.c') - if newer(target,__file__): - # create target file - return target - - The first argument contains the Extension instance that can be - useful to access its attributes like ``depends``, ``sources``, - etc. lists and modify them during the building process. - The second argument gives a path to a build directory that must - be used when creating files to a disk. - -+ ``config.add_library(name, sources, **build_info)`` --- add - a library to ``libraries`` list. Allowed keywords arguments - are ``depends``, ``macros``, ``include_dirs``, - ``extra_compiler_args``, ``f2py_options``. See ``.add_extension()`` - method for more information on arguments. - -+ ``config.have_f77c()`` --- return True if Fortran 77 compiler is - available (read: a simple Fortran 77 code compiled succesfully). - -+ ``config.have_f90c()`` --- return True if Fortran 90 compiler is - available (read: a simple Fortran 90 code compiled succesfully). - -+ ``config.get_version()`` --- return version string of the current package, - ``None`` if version information could not be detected. This methods - scans files ``__version__.py``, ``<packagename>_version.py``, - ``version.py``, ``__svn_version__.py`` for string variables - ``version``, ``__version__``, ``<packagename>_version``. - -+ ``config.make_svn_version_py()`` --- appends a data function to - ``data_files`` list that will generate ``__svn_version__.py`` file - to the current package directory. The file will be removed from - the source directory when Python exits. - -+ ``config.get_build_temp_dir()`` --- return a path to a temporary - directory. This is the place where one should build temporary - files. - -+ ``config.get_distribution()`` --- return distutils ``Distribution`` - instance. - -+ ``config.get_config_cmd()`` --- returns ``numpy.distutils`` config - command instance. - -+ ``config.get_info(*names)`` --- - -Template files --------------- - -XXX: Describe how files with extensions ``.f.src``, ``.pyf.src``, -``.c.src``, etc. are pre-processed by the ``build_src`` command. - -Useful functions in ``numpy.distutils.misc_util`` -------------------------------------------------- - -+ ``get_numpy_include_dirs()`` --- return a list of NumPy base - include directories. NumPy base include directories contain - header files such as ``numpy/arrayobject.h``, ``numpy/funcobject.h`` - etc. For installed NumPy the returned list has length 1 - but when building NumPy the list may contain more directories, - for example, a path to ``config.h`` file that - ``numpy/base/setup.py`` file generates and is used by ``numpy`` - header files. - -+ ``append_path(prefix,path)`` --- smart append ``path`` to ``prefix``. - -+ ``gpaths(paths, local_path='')`` --- apply glob to paths and prepend - ``local_path`` if needed. - -+ ``njoin(*path)`` --- join pathname components + convert ``/``-separated path - to ``os.sep``-separated path and resolve ``..``, ``.`` from paths. - Ex. ``njoin('a',['b','./c'],'..','g') -> os.path.join('a','b','g')``. - -+ ``minrelpath(path)`` --- resolves dots in ``path``. - -+ ``rel_path(path, parent_path)`` --- return ``path`` relative to ``parent_path``. - -+ ``def get_cmd(cmdname,_cache={})`` --- returns ``numpy.distutils`` - command instance. - -+ ``all_strings(lst)`` - -+ ``has_f_sources(sources)`` - -+ ``has_cxx_sources(sources)`` - -+ ``filter_sources(sources)`` --- return ``c_sources, cxx_sources, - f_sources, fmodule_sources`` - -+ ``get_dependencies(sources)`` - -+ ``is_local_src_dir(directory)`` - -+ ``get_ext_source_files(ext)`` - -+ ``get_script_files(scripts)`` - -+ ``get_lib_source_files(lib)`` - -+ ``get_data_files(data)`` - -+ ``dot_join(*args)`` --- join non-zero arguments with a dot. - -+ ``get_frame(level=0)`` --- return frame object from call stack with given level. - -+ ``cyg2win32(path)`` - -+ ``mingw32()`` --- return ``True`` when using mingw32 environment. - -+ ``terminal_has_colors()``, ``red_text(s)``, ``green_text(s)``, - ``yellow_text(s)``, ``blue_text(s)``, ``cyan_text(s)`` - -+ ``get_path(mod_name,parent_path=None)`` --- return path of a module - relative to parent_path when given. Handles also ``__main__`` and - ``__builtin__`` modules. - -+ ``allpath(name)`` --- replaces ``/`` with ``os.sep`` in ``name``. - -+ ``cxx_ext_match``, ``fortran_ext_match``, ``f90_ext_match``, - ``f90_module_name_match`` - -``numpy.distutils.system_info`` module --------------------------------------- - -+ ``get_info(name,notfound_action=0)`` -+ ``combine_paths(*args,**kws)`` -+ ``show_all()`` - -``numpy.distutils.cpuinfo`` module ----------------------------------- - -+ ``cpuinfo`` - -``numpy.distutils.log`` module ------------------------------- - -+ ``set_verbosity(v)`` - - -``numpy.distutils.exec_command`` module ---------------------------------------- - -+ ``get_pythonexe()`` -+ ``find_executable(exe, path=None)`` -+ ``exec_command( command, execute_in='', use_shell=None, use_tee=None, **env )`` - -The ``info.py`` file -'''''''''''''''''''' - -Scipy package import hooks assume that each package contains a -``info.py`` file. This file contains overall documentation about the package -and variables defining the order of package imports, dependency -relations between packages, etc. - -On import, the following information will be looked for in ``info.py``: - -__doc__ - The documentation string of the package. - -__doc_title__ - The title of the package. If not defined then the first non-empty - line of ``__doc__`` will be used. - -__all__ - List of symbols that package exports. Optional. - -global_symbols - List of names that should be imported to numpy name space. To import - all symbols to ``numpy`` namespace, define ``global_symbols=['*']``. - -depends - List of names that the package depends on. Prefix ``numpy.`` - will be automatically added to package names. For example, - use ``testing`` to indicate dependence on ``numpy.testing`` - package. Default value is ``[]``. - -postpone_import - Boolean variable indicating that importing the package should be - postponed until the first attempt of its usage. Default value is ``False``. - Depreciated. - -The ``__init__.py`` file -'''''''''''''''''''''''' - -To speed up the import time and minimize memory usage, numpy -uses ``ppimport`` hooks to transparently postpone importing large modules, -which might not be used during the Scipy session. In order to -have access to the documentation of all Scipy packages, including -postponed packages, the docstring from ``info.py`` is imported -into ``__init__.py``. - -The header of a typical ``__init__.py`` is:: - - # - # Package ... - ... - # - - from info import __doc__ - ... - - from numpy.testing import NumpyTest - test = NumpyTest().test - -The ``tests/`` directory -'''''''''''''''''''''''' - -Ideally, every Python code, extension module, or subpackage in Scipy -package directory should have the corresponding ``test_<name>.py`` -file in ``tests/`` directory. This file should define classes -derived from the ``numpy.testing.TestCase`` class (or from -``unittest.TestCase``) and have names starting with ``test``. The methods -of these classes whose names contain ``test`` or start with ``bench`` are -automatically picked up by the test machinery. - -A minimal example of a ``test_yyy.py`` file that implements tests for -a NumPy package module ``numpy.xxx.yyy`` containing a function -``zzz()``, is shown below:: - - import sys - from numpy.testing import * - - # import xxx symbols - from numpy.xxx.yyy import zzz - - - class test_zzz(TestCase): - def test_simple(self, level=1): - assert zzz()=='Hello from zzz' - #... - - if __name__ == "__main__": - run_module_tests(file) - -Note that all classes that are inherited from ``TestCase`` class, are -automatically picked up by the test runner. - -``numpy.testing`` module provides also the following convenience -functions:: - - assert_equal(actual,desired,err_msg='',verbose=1) - assert_almost_equal(actual,desired,decimal=7,err_msg='',verbose=1) - assert_approx_equal(actual,desired,significant=7,err_msg='',verbose=1) - assert_array_equal(x,y,err_msg='') - assert_array_almost_equal(x,y,decimal=6,err_msg='') - rand(*shape) # returns random array with a given shape - -To run all test scripts of the module ``xxx``, execute in Python: - - >>> import numpy - >>> numpy.xxx.test() - -To run only tests for ``xxx.yyy`` module, execute: - - >>> NumpyTest('xxx.yyy').test(level=1,verbosity=1) - -Extra features in NumPy Distutils -''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''''' - -Specifing config_fc options for libraries in setup.py script ------------------------------------------------------------- - -It is possible to specify config_fc options in setup.py scripts. -For example, using - - config.add_library('library', - sources=[...], - config_fc={'noopt':(__file__,1)}) - -will compile the ``library`` sources without optimization flags. - -It's recommended to specify only those config_fc options in such a way -that are compiler independent. - -Getting extra Fortran 77 compiler options from source ------------------------------------------------------ - -Some old Fortran codes need special compiler options in order to -work correctly. In order to specify compiler options per source -file, ``numpy.distutils`` Fortran compiler looks for the following -pattern:: - - CF77FLAGS(<fcompiler type>) = <fcompiler f77flags> - -in the first 20 lines of the source and use the ``f77flags`` for -specified type of the fcompiler (the first character ``C`` is optional). - -TODO: This feature can be easily extended for Fortran 90 codes as -well. Let us know if you would need such a feature. |