fileops/repository: create (most) directories with 0777 permissions

To further match how Git behaves, this change makes most of the
directories libgit2 creates in a git repo have a file mode of
0777. Specifically:

- Intermediate directories created with git_futils_mkpath2file() have
  0777 permissions. This affects odb_loose, reflog, and refs.

- The top level folder for bare repos is created with 0777
  permissions.

- The top level folder for non-bare repos is created with 0755
  permissions.

- /objects/info/, /objects/pack/, /refs/heads/, and /refs/tags/ are
  created with 0777 permissions.

Additionally, the following changes have been made:

- fileops functions that create intermediate directories have grown a
  new dirmode parameter. The only exception to this is filebuf's
  lock_file(), which unconditionally creates intermediate directories
  with 0777 permissions when GIT_FILEBUF_FORCE is set.

- The test runner now sets the umask to 0 before running any
  tests. This ensurses all file mode checks are consistent across
  systems.

- t09-tree.c now does a directory permissions check. I've avoided
  adding this check to other tests that might reuse existing
  directories from the prefabricated test repos. Because they're
  checked into the repo, they have 0755 permissions.

- Other assorted directories created by tests have 0777 permissions.

22 files changed, 103 insertions, 52 deletions

diff --git a/src/filebuf.c b/src/filebuf.c
index 1a98e3f4..e6167d01 100644
--- a/src/filebuf.c
+++ b/src/filebuf.c
@@ -23,7 +23,8 @@ static int lock_file(git_filebuf *file, int flags)
 
 	/* create path to the file buffer is required */
 	if (flags & GIT_FILEBUF_FORCE) {
-		file->fd = git_futils_creat_locked_withpath(file->path_lock, 0644);
+		/* XXX: Should dirmode here be configurable? Or is 0777 always fine? */
+		file->fd = git_futils_creat_locked_withpath(file->path_lock, 0777, 0644);
 	} else {
 		file->fd = git_futils_creat_locked(file->path_lock, 0644);
 	}
diff --git a/src/fileops.c b/src/fileops.c
index da9c55f1..ff36b007 100644
--- a/src/fileops.c
+++ b/src/fileops.c
@@ -31,9 +31,8 @@ int git_futils_mv_atomic(const char *from, const char *to)
 #endif
 }
 
-int git_futils_mkpath2file(const char *file_path)
+int git_futils_mkpath2file(const char *file_path, const mode_t mode)
 {
-	const mode_t mode = 0755; /* or 0777 ? */
 	int error = GIT_SUCCESS;
 	char target_folder_path[GIT_PATH_MAX];
 
@@ -67,9 +66,9 @@ int git_futils_mktmp(char *path_out, const char *filename)
 	return fd;
 }
 
-int git_futils_creat_withpath(const char *path, const mode_t mode)
+int git_futils_creat_withpath(const char *path, const mode_t dirmode, const mode_t mode)
 {
-	if (git_futils_mkpath2file(path) < GIT_SUCCESS)
+	if (git_futils_mkpath2file(path, dirmode) < GIT_SUCCESS)
 		return git__throw(GIT_EOSERR, "Failed to create file %s", path);
 
 	return p_creat(path, mode);
@@ -81,9 +80,9 @@ int git_futils_creat_locked(const char *path, const mode_t mode)
 	return fd >= 0 ? fd : git__throw(GIT_EOSERR, "Failed to create locked file. Could not open %s", path);
 }
 
-int git_futils_creat_locked_withpath(const char *path, const mode_t mode)
+int git_futils_creat_locked_withpath(const char *path, const mode_t dirmode, const mode_t mode)
 {
-	if (git_futils_mkpath2file(path) < GIT_SUCCESS)
+	if (git_futils_mkpath2file(path, dirmode) < GIT_SUCCESS)
 		return git__throw(GIT_EOSERR, "Failed to create locked file %s", path);
 
 	return git_futils_creat_locked(path, mode);
@@ -212,9 +211,9 @@ void git_futils_freebuffer(git_fbuffer *obj)
 }
 
 
-int git_futils_mv_withpath(const char *from, const char *to)
+int git_futils_mv_withpath(const char *from, const char *to, const mode_t dirmode)
 {
-	if (git_futils_mkpath2file(to) < GIT_SUCCESS)
+	if (git_futils_mkpath2file(to, dirmode) < GIT_SUCCESS)
 		return GIT_EOSERR;	/* The callee already takes care of setting the correct error message. */
 
 	return git_futils_mv_atomic(from, to);	/* The callee already takes care of setting the correct error message. */
diff --git a/src/fileops.h b/src/fileops.h
index 17688889..56c4770c 100644
--- a/src/fileops.h
+++ b/src/fileops.h
@@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ extern int git_futils_exists(const char *path);
  * Create and open a file, while also
  * creating all the folders in its path
  */
-extern int git_futils_creat_withpath(const char *path, const mode_t mode);
+extern int git_futils_creat_withpath(const char *path, const mode_t dirmode, const mode_t mode);
 
 /**
  * Create an open a process-locked file
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ extern int git_futils_creat_locked(const char *path, const mode_t mode);
  * Create an open a process-locked file, while
  * also creating all the folders in its path
  */
-extern int git_futils_creat_locked_withpath(const char *path, const mode_t mode);
+extern int git_futils_creat_locked_withpath(const char *path, const mode_t dirmode, const mode_t mode);
 
 /**
  * Check if the given path points to a directory
@@ -80,7 +80,7 @@ extern int git_futils_mkdir_r(const char *path, const mode_t mode);
  * Create all the folders required to contain
  * the full path of a file
  */
-extern int git_futils_mkpath2file(const char *path);
+extern int git_futils_mkpath2file(const char *path, const mode_t mode);
 
 extern int git_futils_rmdir_r(const char *path, int force);
 
@@ -98,7 +98,7 @@ extern int git_futils_mv_atomic(const char *from, const char *to);
  * Move a file on the filesystem, create the
  * destination path if it doesn't exist
  */
-extern int git_futils_mv_withpath(const char *from, const char *to);
+extern int git_futils_mv_withpath(const char *from, const char *to, const mode_t dirmode);
 
 
 /**
diff --git a/src/odb.h b/src/odb.h
index 4e850916..7c8c9f9e 100644
--- a/src/odb.h
+++ b/src/odb.h
@@ -14,6 +14,9 @@
 #include "vector.h"
 #include "cache.h"
 
+#define GIT_OBJECTS_DIR "objects/"
+#define GIT_OBJECT_DIR_MODE 0777
+
 /* DO NOT EXPORT */
 typedef struct {
 	void *data;			/**< Raw, decompressed object data. */
diff --git a/src/odb_loose.c b/src/odb_loose.c
index 80f0aa9e..a3013d3d 100644
--- a/src/odb_loose.c
+++ b/src/odb_loose.c
@@ -666,7 +666,7 @@ static int loose_backend__stream_fwrite(git_oid *oid, git_odb_stream *_stream)
 	if (object_file_name(final_path, sizeof(final_path), backend->objects_dir, oid))
 		return GIT_ENOMEM;
 
-	if ((error = git_futils_mkpath2file(final_path)) < GIT_SUCCESS)
+	if ((error = git_futils_mkpath2file(final_path, GIT_OBJECT_DIR_MODE)) < GIT_SUCCESS)
 		return git__rethrow(error, "Failed to write loose backend");
 
 	stream->finished = 1;
@@ -787,7 +787,7 @@ static int loose_backend__write(git_oid *oid, git_odb_backend *_backend, const v
 	if ((error = object_file_name(final_path, sizeof(final_path), backend->objects_dir, oid)) < GIT_SUCCESS)
 		goto cleanup;
 
-	if ((error = git_futils_mkpath2file(final_path)) < GIT_SUCCESS)
+	if ((error = git_futils_mkpath2file(final_path, GIT_OBJECT_DIR_MODE)) < GIT_SUCCESS)
 		goto cleanup;
 
 	return git_filebuf_commit_at(&fbuf, final_path);
diff --git a/src/posix.h b/src/posix.h
index 389578d5..55cd35a3 100644
--- a/src/posix.h
+++ b/src/posix.h
@@ -40,6 +40,7 @@ extern int p_write(git_file fd, const void *buf, size_t cnt);
 #define p_fstat(f,b) fstat(f, b)
 #define p_lseek(f,n,w) lseek(f, n, w)
 #define p_close(fd) close(fd)
+#define p_umask(m) umask(m)
 
 extern int p_open(const char *path, int flags);
 extern int p_creat(const char *path, mode_t mode);
diff --git a/src/reflog.c b/src/reflog.c
index 594963c0..6cdb3530 100644
--- a/src/reflog.c
+++ b/src/reflog.c
@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ int git_reflog_write(git_reference *ref, const git_oid *oid_old,
 	git_path_join_n(log_path, 3, ref->owner->path_repository, GIT_REFLOG_DIR, ref->name);
 
 	if (git_futils_exists(log_path)) {
-		if ((error = git_futils_mkpath2file(log_path)) < GIT_SUCCESS)
+		if ((error = git_futils_mkpath2file(log_path, GIT_REFLOG_DIR_MODE)) < GIT_SUCCESS)
 			return git__rethrow(error, "Failed to write reflog. Cannot create reflog directory");
 	} else if (git_futils_isfile(log_path)) {
 		return git__throw(GIT_ERROR, "Failed to write reflog. `%s` is directory", log_path);
diff --git a/src/reflog.h b/src/reflog.h
index 093874e5..16e9a94e 100644
--- a/src/reflog.h
+++ b/src/reflog.h
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 #include "vector.h"
 
 #define GIT_REFLOG_DIR "logs/"
+#define GIT_REFLOG_DIR_MODE 0777
 
 #define GIT_REFLOG_SIZE_MIN (2*GIT_OID_HEXSZ+2+17)
 
diff --git a/src/refs.h b/src/refs.h
index c4b0b0e3..f802cfe4 100644
--- a/src/refs.h
+++ b/src/refs.h
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@
 #define GIT_REFS_HEADS_DIR GIT_REFS_DIR "heads/"
 #define GIT_REFS_TAGS_DIR GIT_REFS_DIR "tags/"
 #define GIT_REFS_REMOTES_DIR GIT_REFS_DIR "remotes/"
+#define GIT_REFS_DIR_MODE 0777
 
 #define GIT_RENAMED_REF_FILE GIT_REFS_DIR "RENAMED-REF"
 
diff --git a/src/repository.c b/src/repository.c
index 36642e5a..d583cad6 100644
--- a/src/repository.c
+++ b/src/repository.c
@@ -609,12 +609,11 @@ static int repo_init_createhead(git_repository *repo)
 
 static int repo_init_structure(const char *git_dir, int is_bare)
 {
-	const mode_t mode = 0755; /* or 0777 ? */
 	int error;
 
 	char temp_path[GIT_PATH_MAX];
 
-	if (git_futils_mkdir_r(git_dir, mode))
+	if (git_futils_mkdir_r(git_dir, is_bare ? GIT_BARE_DIR_MODE : GIT_DIR_MODE))
 		return git__throw(GIT_ERROR, "Failed to initialize repository structure. Could not mkdir");
 
 	/* Hides the ".git" directory */
@@ -628,25 +627,25 @@ static int repo_init_structure(const char *git_dir, int is_bare)
 
 	/* Creates the '/objects/info/' directory */
 	git_path_join(temp_path, git_dir, GIT_OBJECTS_INFO_DIR);
-	error = git_futils_mkdir_r(temp_path, mode);
+	error = git_futils_mkdir_r(temp_path, GIT_OBJECT_DIR_MODE);
 	if (error < GIT_SUCCESS)
 		return git__rethrow(error, "Failed to initialize repository structure");
 
 	/* Creates the '/objects/pack/' directory */
 	git_path_join(temp_path, git_dir, GIT_OBJECTS_PACK_DIR);
-	error = p_mkdir(temp_path, mode);
+	error = p_mkdir(temp_path, GIT_OBJECT_DIR_MODE);
 	if (error < GIT_SUCCESS)
 		return git__throw(error, "Unable to create `%s` folder", temp_path);
 
 	/* Creates the '/refs/heads/' directory */
 	git_path_join(temp_path, git_dir, GIT_REFS_HEADS_DIR);
-	error = git_futils_mkdir_r(temp_path, mode);
+	error = git_futils_mkdir_r(temp_path, GIT_REFS_DIR_MODE);
 	if (error < GIT_SUCCESS)
 		return git__rethrow(error, "Failed to initialize repository structure");
 
 	/* Creates the '/refs/tags/' directory */
 	git_path_join(temp_path, git_dir, GIT_REFS_TAGS_DIR);
-	error = p_mkdir(temp_path, mode);
+	error = p_mkdir(temp_path, GIT_REFS_DIR_MODE);
 	if (error < GIT_SUCCESS)
 		return git__throw(error, "Unable to create `%s` folder", temp_path);
 
diff --git a/src/repository.h b/src/repository.h
index 99217e5a..a12dd9da 100644
--- a/src/repository.h
+++ b/src/repository.h
@@ -18,10 +18,12 @@
 #include "cache.h"
 #include "refs.h"
 #include "buffer.h"
+#include "odb.h"
 
 #define DOT_GIT ".git"
 #define GIT_DIR DOT_GIT "/"
-#define GIT_OBJECTS_DIR "objects/"
+#define GIT_DIR_MODE 0755
+#define GIT_BARE_DIR_MODE 0777
 #define GIT_INDEX_FILE "index"
 
 struct git_object {
diff --git a/tests-clay/core/dirent.c b/tests-clay/core/dirent.c
index 73f57159..898b1227 100644
--- a/tests-clay/core/dirent.c
+++ b/tests-clay/core/dirent.c
@@ -20,12 +20,12 @@ static void setup(walk_data *d)
 {
 	name_data *n;
 
-	cl_must_pass(p_mkdir(top_dir, 0755));
+	cl_must_pass(p_mkdir(top_dir, 0777));
 
 	cl_must_pass(p_chdir(top_dir));
 
 	if (strcmp(d->sub, ".") != 0)
-		cl_must_pass(p_mkdir(d->sub, 0755));
+		cl_must_pass(p_mkdir(d->sub, 0777));
 
 	strcpy(path_buffer, d->sub);
 	state_loc = d;
diff --git a/tests-clay/core/rmdir.c b/tests-clay/core/rmdir.c
index aa21c6a3..03baecf2 100644
--- a/tests-clay/core/rmdir.c
+++ b/tests-clay/core/rmdir.c
@@ -7,22 +7,22 @@ void test_core_rmdir__initialize(void)
 {
 	char path[GIT_PATH_MAX];
 
-	cl_must_pass(p_mkdir(empty_tmp_dir, 0755));
+	cl_must_pass(p_mkdir(empty_tmp_dir, 0777));
 
 	git_path_join(path, empty_tmp_dir, "/one");
-	cl_must_pass(p_mkdir(path, 0755));
+	cl_must_pass(p_mkdir(path, 0777));
 
 	git_path_join(path, empty_tmp_dir, "/one/two_one");
-	cl_must_pass(p_mkdir(path, 0755));
+	cl_must_pass(p_mkdir(path, 0777));
 
 	git_path_join(path, empty_tmp_dir, "/one/two_two");
-	cl_must_pass(p_mkdir(path, 0755));
+	cl_must_pass(p_mkdir(path, 0777));
 
 	git_path_join(path, empty_tmp_dir, "/one/two_two/three");
-	cl_must_pass(p_mkdir(path, 0755));
+	cl_must_pass(p_mkdir(path, 0777));
 
 	git_path_join(path, empty_tmp_dir, "/two");
-	cl_must_pass(p_mkdir(path, 0755));
+	cl_must_pass(p_mkdir(path, 0777));
 }
 
 /* make sure empty dir can be deleted recusively */
diff --git a/tests/t00-core.c b/tests/t00-core.c
index 703504bf..18568156 100644
--- a/tests/t00-core.c
+++ b/tests/t00-core.c
@@ -250,14 +250,14 @@ static int setup(walk_data *d)
 {
 	name_data *n;
 
-	if (p_mkdir(top_dir, 0755) < 0)
+	if (p_mkdir(top_dir, 0777) < 0)
 		return error("can't mkdir(\"%s\")", top_dir);
 
 	if (p_chdir(top_dir) < 0)
 		return error("can't chdir(\"%s\")", top_dir);
 
 	if (strcmp(d->sub, ".") != 0)
-		if (p_mkdir(d->sub, 0755) < 0)
+		if (p_mkdir(d->sub, 0777) < 0)
 			return error("can't mkdir(\"%s\")", d->sub);
 
 	strcpy(path_buffer, d->sub);
@@ -510,27 +510,27 @@ static int setup_empty_tmp_dir(void)
 {
 	char path[GIT_PATH_MAX];
 
-	if (p_mkdir(empty_tmp_dir, 0755))
+	if (p_mkdir(empty_tmp_dir, 0777))
 		return -1;
 
 	git_path_join(path, empty_tmp_dir, "/one");
-	if (p_mkdir(path, 0755))
+	if (p_mkdir(path, 0777))
 		return -1;
 
 	git_path_join(path, empty_tmp_dir, "/one/two_one");
-	if (p_mkdir(path, 0755))
+	if (p_mkdir(path, 0777))
 		return -1;
 
 	git_path_join(path, empty_tmp_dir, "/one/two_two");
-	if (p_mkdir(path, 0755))
+	if (p_mkdir(path, 0777))
 		return -1;
 
 	git_path_join(path, empty_tmp_dir, "/one/two_two/three");
-	if (p_mkdir(path, 0755))
+	if (p_mkdir(path, 0777))
 		return -1;
 
 	git_path_join(path, empty_tmp_dir, "/two");
-	if (p_mkdir(path, 0755))
+	if (p_mkdir(path, 0777))
 		return -1;
 
 	return 0;
@@ -547,7 +547,7 @@ BEGIN_TEST(rmdir1, "make sure non-empty dir cannot be deleted recusively")
 
 	must_pass(setup_empty_tmp_dir());
 	git_path_join(file, empty_tmp_dir, "/two/file.txt");
-	fd = p_creat(file, 0755);
+	fd = p_creat(file, 0777);
 	must_pass(fd);
 	must_pass(p_close(fd));
 	must_fail(git_futils_rmdir_r(empty_tmp_dir, 0));
diff --git a/tests/t03-objwrite.c b/tests/t03-objwrite.c
index 31f611a5..7563d0e3 100644
--- a/tests/t03-objwrite.c
+++ b/tests/t03-objwrite.c
@@ -31,7 +31,7 @@ static char *odb_dir = "test-objects";
 
 static int make_odb_dir(void)
 {
-	if (p_mkdir(odb_dir, 0755) < 0) {
+	if (p_mkdir(odb_dir, GIT_OBJECT_DIR_MODE) < 0) {
 		int err = errno;
 		fprintf(stderr, "can't make directory \"%s\"", odb_dir);
 		if (err == EEXIST)
diff --git a/tests/t06-index.c b/tests/t06-index.c
index 621e742b..dde98aba 100644
--- a/tests/t06-index.c
+++ b/tests/t06-index.c
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ BEGIN_TEST(add0, "add a new file to the index")
 	must_pass(git_index_entrycount(index) == 0);
 
 	/* Create a new file in the working directory */
-	must_pass(git_futils_mkpath2file(TEMP_REPO_FOLDER "myrepo/test.txt"));
+	must_pass(git_futils_mkpath2file(TEMP_REPO_FOLDER "myrepo/test.txt", 0777));
 	must_pass(git_filebuf_open(&file, TEMP_REPO_FOLDER "myrepo/test.txt", 0));
 	must_pass(git_filebuf_write(&file, "hey there\n", 10));
 	must_pass(git_filebuf_commit(&file));
diff --git a/tests/t09-tree.c b/tests/t09-tree.c
index 3af06ea6..1f2fe3f0 100644
--- a/tests/t09-tree.c
+++ b/tests/t09-tree.c
@@ -200,6 +200,9 @@ BEGIN_TEST(write3, "write a hierarchical tree from a memory")
 	// check data is correct
 	must_pass(git_tree_lookup(&tree, repo, &id_hiearar));
 	must_be_true(2 == git_tree_entrycount(tree));
+#ifndef GIT_WIN32
+	must_be_true((loose_object_dir_mode(TEMP_REPO_FOLDER, (git_object *)tree) & 0777) == GIT_OBJECT_DIR_MODE);
+#endif
 	git_tree_close(tree);
 
 	close_temp_repo(repo);
diff --git a/tests/t10-refs.c b/tests/t10-refs.c
index aa6735a3..4cb31d5e 100644
--- a/tests/t10-refs.c
+++ b/tests/t10-refs.c
@@ -431,12 +431,11 @@ END_TEST
 BEGIN_TEST(pack0, "create a packfile for an empty folder")
 	git_repository *repo;
 	char temp_path[GIT_PATH_MAX];
-	const mode_t mode = 0755; /* or 0777 ? */
 
 	must_pass(open_temp_repo(&repo, REPOSITORY_FOLDER));
 
 	git_path_join_n(temp_path, 3, repo->path_repository, GIT_REFS_HEADS_DIR, "empty_dir");
-	must_pass(git_futils_mkdir_r(temp_path, mode));
+	must_pass(git_futils_mkdir_r(temp_path, GIT_REFS_DIR_MODE));
 
 	must_pass(git_reference_packall(repo));
 
diff --git a/tests/t12-repo.c b/tests/t12-repo.c
index 6884188a..c07150c9 100644
--- a/tests/t12-repo.c
+++ b/tests/t12-repo.c
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ END_TEST
 BEGIN_TEST(init2, "Initialize and open a bare repo with a relative path escaping out of the current working directory")
 	char path_repository[GIT_PATH_MAX];
 	char current_workdir[GIT_PATH_MAX];
-	const mode_t mode = 0755; /* or 0777 ? */
+	const mode_t mode = 0777;
 	git_repository* repo;
 
 	must_pass(p_getcwd(current_workdir, sizeof(current_workdir)));
@@ -232,7 +232,7 @@ BEGIN_TEST(open2, "Open a bare repository with a relative path escaping out of t
 	char current_workdir[GIT_PATH_MAX];
 	char path_repository[GIT_PATH_MAX];
 
-	const mode_t mode = 0755; /* or 0777 ? */
+	const mode_t mode = 0777;
 	git_repository* repo;
 
 	/* Setup the repository to open */
@@ -351,7 +351,7 @@ static int write_file(const char *path, const char *content)
 			return error;
 	}
 
-	file = git_futils_creat_withpath(path, 0644);
+	file = git_futils_creat_withpath(path, 0777, 0644);
 	if (file < GIT_SUCCESS)
 		return file;
 
@@ -384,7 +384,7 @@ BEGIN_TEST(discover0, "test discover")
 	char repository_path[GIT_PATH_MAX];
 	char sub_repository_path[GIT_PATH_MAX];
 	char found_path[GIT_PATH_MAX];
-	mode_t mode = 0755;
+	const mode_t mode = 0777;
 
 	git_futils_mkdir_r(DISCOVER_FOLDER, mode);
 	must_pass(append_ceiling_dir(ceiling_dirs, TEMP_REPO_FOLDER));
diff --git a/tests/test_helpers.c b/tests/test_helpers.c
index 0900430e..7074e482 100644
--- a/tests/test_helpers.c
+++ b/tests/test_helpers.c
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ int write_object_data(char *file, void *data, size_t len)
 
 int write_object_files(const char *odb_dir, object_data *d)
 {
-	if (p_mkdir(odb_dir, 0755) < 0) {
+	if (p_mkdir(odb_dir, GIT_OBJECT_DIR_MODE) < 0) {
 		int err = errno;
 		fprintf(stderr, "can't make directory \"%s\"", odb_dir);
 		if (err == EEXIST)
@@ -51,7 +51,7 @@ int write_object_files(const char *odb_dir, object_data *d)
 		return -1;
 	}
 
-	if ((p_mkdir(d->dir, 0755) < 0) && (errno != EEXIST)) {
+	if ((p_mkdir(d->dir, GIT_OBJECT_DIR_MODE) < 0) && (errno != EEXIST)) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "can't make object directory \"%s\"\n", d->dir);
 		return -1;
 	}
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ int remove_object_files(const char *odb_dir, object_data *d)
 	return 0;
 }
 
-int remove_loose_object(const char *repository_folder, git_object *object)
+void locate_loose_object(const char *repository_folder, git_object *object, char **out, char **out_folder)
 {
 	static const char *objects_folder = "objects/";
 
@@ -104,6 +104,40 @@ int remove_loose_object(const char *repository_folder, git_object *object)
 	ptr += GIT_OID_HEXSZ + 1;
 	*ptr = 0;
 
+	*out = full_path;
+
+	if (out_folder)
+		*out_folder = top_folder;
+}
+
+int loose_object_dir_mode(const char *repository_folder, git_object *object)
+{
+	char *object_path;
+	size_t pos;
+	struct stat st;
+
+	locate_loose_object(repository_folder, object, &object_path, NULL);
+
+	pos = strlen(object_path);
+	while (pos--) {
+		if (object_path[pos] == '/') {
+			object_path[pos] = 0;
+			break;
+		}
+	}
+
+	assert(p_stat(object_path, &st) == 0);
+	free(object_path);
+
+	return st.st_mode;
+}
+
+int remove_loose_object(const char *repository_folder, git_object *object)
+{
+	char *full_path, *top_folder;
+
+	locate_loose_object(repository_folder, object, &full_path, &top_folder);
+
 	if (p_unlink(full_path) < 0) {
 		fprintf(stderr, "can't delete object file \"%s\"\n", full_path);
 		return -1;
@@ -141,7 +175,7 @@ int copy_file(const char *src, const char *dst)
 	if (git_futils_readbuffer(&source_buf, src) < GIT_SUCCESS)
 		return GIT_ENOTFOUND;
 
-	dst_fd = git_futils_creat_withpath(dst, 0644);
+	dst_fd = git_futils_creat_withpath(dst, 0777, 0644);
 	if (dst_fd < 0)
 		goto cleanup;
 
diff --git a/tests/test_helpers.h b/tests/test_helpers.h
index 53361b7b..2e5194d7 100644
--- a/tests/test_helpers.h
+++ b/tests/test_helpers.h
@@ -63,6 +63,10 @@ extern int remove_object_files(const char *odb_dir, object_data *d);
 
 extern int cmp_objects(git_rawobj *o, object_data *d);
 
+extern void locate_loose_object(const char *odb_dir, git_object *object, char **out, char **out_folder);
+
+extern int loose_object_dir_mode(const char *odb_dir, git_object *object);
+
 extern int remove_loose_object(const char *odb_dir, git_object *object);
 
 extern int cmp_files(const char *a, const char *b);
diff --git a/tests/test_main.c b/tests/test_main.c
index c9f8da3a..9961ffd6 100644
--- a/tests/test_main.c
+++ b/tests/test_main.c
@@ -26,6 +26,8 @@
 #include <string.h>
 #include <git2.h>
 
+#include "posix.h"
+
 #include "test_lib.h"
 #include "test_helpers.h"
 
@@ -81,6 +83,8 @@ main(int GIT_UNUSED(argc), char *GIT_UNUSED(argv[]))
 	GIT_UNUSED_ARG(argc);
 	GIT_UNUSED_ARG(argv);
 
+	p_umask(0);
+
 	failures = 0;
 
 	for (i = 0; i < GIT_SUITE_COUNT; ++i)