6 files changed, 68 insertions, 18 deletions
diff --git a/numpy/core/tests/examples/checks.pyx b/numpy/core/tests/examples/cython/checks.pyx
index 151979db7..151979db7 100644
--- a/numpy/core/tests/examples/checks.pyx
+++ b/numpy/core/tests/examples/cython/checks.pyx
diff --git a/numpy/core/tests/examples/setup.py b/numpy/core/tests/examples/cython/setup.py
index 6ec0b4197..6e34aa778 100644
--- a/numpy/core/tests/examples/setup.py
+++ b/numpy/core/tests/examples/cython/setup.py
@@ -9,24 +9,16 @@ from Cython.Build import cythonize
 from setuptools.extension import Extension
 import os
 
-include_dirs = [np.get_include()]
 macros = [("NPY_NO_DEPRECATED_API", 0)]
 
 checks = Extension(
     "checks",
     sources=[os.path.join('.', "checks.pyx")],
-    include_dirs=include_dirs,
+    include_dirs=[np.get_include()],
     define_macros=macros,
 )
 
-example_limited_api = Extension(
-    "example_limited_api",
-    sources=[os.path.join('.', "example_limited_api.c")],
-    include_dirs=include_dirs,
-    define_macros=macros,
-)
-
-extensions = [checks, example_limited_api]
+extensions = [checks]
 
 setup(
     ext_modules=cythonize(extensions)
diff --git a/numpy/core/tests/examples/example_limited_api.c b/numpy/core/tests/examples/limited_api/limited_api.c
index e811800b4..698c54c57 100644
--- a/numpy/core/tests/examples/example_limited_api.c
+++ b/numpy/core/tests/examples/limited_api/limited_api.c
@@ -1,8 +1,3 @@
-/*
- * Test that third-party extensions that use the Numpy C API can be built with
- * the limited Python C API (see https://docs.python.org/3/c-api/stable.html).
- */
-
 #define Py_LIMITED_API 0x03060000
 
 #include <Python.h>
@@ -11,10 +6,10 @@
 
 static PyModuleDef moduledef = {
     .m_base = PyModuleDef_HEAD_INIT,
-    .m_name = "example_limited_api"
+    .m_name = "limited_api"
 };
 
-PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_example_limited_api(void)
+PyMODINIT_FUNC PyInit_limited_api(void)
 {
     import_array();
     import_umath();
diff --git a/numpy/core/tests/examples/limited_api/setup.py b/numpy/core/tests/examples/limited_api/setup.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..18747dc80
--- /dev/null
+++ b/numpy/core/tests/examples/limited_api/setup.py
@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+"""
+Build an example package using the limited Python C API.
+"""
+
+import numpy as np
+from setuptools import setup, Extension
+import os
+
+macros = [("NPY_NO_DEPRECATED_API", 0), ("Py_LIMITED_API", "0x03060000")]
+
+limited_api = Extension(
+    "limited_api",
+    sources=[os.path.join('.', "limited_api.c")],
+    include_dirs=[np.get_include()],
+    define_macros=macros,
+)
+
+extensions = [limited_api]
+
+setup(
+    ext_modules=extensions
+)
diff --git a/numpy/core/tests/test_cython.py b/numpy/core/tests/test_cython.py
index a1f09d0fe..9896de0ec 100644
--- a/numpy/core/tests/test_cython.py
+++ b/numpy/core/tests/test_cython.py
@@ -32,7 +32,7 @@ def install_temp(request, tmp_path):
     # Based in part on test_cython from random.tests.test_extending
 
     here = os.path.dirname(__file__)
-    ext_dir = os.path.join(here, "examples")
+    ext_dir = os.path.join(here, "examples", "cython")
 
     cytest = str(tmp_path / "cytest")
 
diff --git a/numpy/core/tests/test_limited_api.py b/numpy/core/tests/test_limited_api.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0bb543d59
--- /dev/null
+++ b/numpy/core/tests/test_limited_api.py
@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+import os
+import shutil
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import sysconfig
+import pytest
+
+
+@pytest.mark.xfail(
+    sysconfig.get_config_var("Py_DEBUG"),
+    reason=(
+        "Py_LIMITED_API is incompatible with Py_DEBUG, Py_TRACE_REFS, "
+        "and Py_REF_DEBUG"
+    ),
+)
+def test_limited_api(tmp_path):
+    """Test building a third-party C extension with the limited API."""
+    # Based in part on test_cython from random.tests.test_extending
+
+    here = os.path.dirname(__file__)
+    ext_dir = os.path.join(here, "examples", "limited_api")
+
+    cytest = str(tmp_path / "limited_api")
+
+    shutil.copytree(ext_dir, cytest)
+    # build the examples and "install" them into a temporary directory
+
+    install_log = str(tmp_path / "tmp_install_log.txt")
+    subprocess.check_call(
+        [
+            sys.executable,
+            "setup.py",
+            "build",
+            "install",
+            "--prefix", str(tmp_path / "installdir"),
+            "--single-version-externally-managed",
+            "--record",
+            install_log,
+        ],
+        cwd=cytest,
+    )