Merge branch '3.x'

86 files changed, 3413 insertions, 2083 deletions

diff --git a/.appveyor.yml b/.appveyor.yml
deleted file mode 100644
index cceec5487..000000000
--- a/.appveyor.yml
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,56 +0,0 @@
-environment:
-  global:
-    TEST: -v --durations 25
-    PYTHONFAULTHANDLER: x
-    PYTHONWARNINGS: all
-
-  matrix:
-    - PYTHON: 37
-    - PYTHON: 37-x64
-
-install:
-  - C:\Python%PYTHON%\python.exe -m pip install -U pip setuptools
-  - C:\Python%PYTHON%\python.exe -m pip install .[test,websupport]
-
-cache:
-  - '%LOCALAPPDATA%\pip\Cache'
-
-# No automatic build, just run python tests
-build: off
-
-# Update build information before testing, no warnings during this step
-before_test:
-  - ps: |
-      $py_warnings = $env:PYTHONWARNINGS
-      $env:PYTHONWARNINGS = 'ignore'
-      Update-AppveyorBuild -Version ((& "C:\Python$($env:PYTHON)\python.exe" -m sphinx --version).Split(' ')[2])
-      $env:PYTHONWARNINGS = $py_warnings
-
-test_script:
-  - ps: |
-      Push-Location tests
-      $test_ignore = $env:TEST_IGNORE
-      if (-not $test_ignore) { $test_ignore = '' }
-      $tests = $env:TEST
-      if (-not $tests) { $tests = '' }
-      & "C:\Python$($env:PYTHON)\python.exe" -m pytest $test_ignore.Split(' ') --junitxml .junit.xml $tests.Split(' ')
-      Pop-Location
-      if ($LastExitCode -eq 1) { Write-Host "Test Failures Occurred, leaving for test result parsing"; exit $LastExitCode }
-      elseif ($LastExitCode -ne 0) { Write-Host "Other Error Occurred, aborting"; exit $LastExitCode }
-
-after_test:
-  - ps: (New-Object System.Net.WebClient).UploadFile("https://ci.appveyor.com/api/testresults/junit/$($env:APPVEYOR_JOB_ID)", (Resolve-Path (Join-Path tests .junit.xml)))
-
-after_build:
-  # Remove old or huge cache files to hopefully not exceed the 1GB cache limit.
-  #
-  # If the cache limit is reached, the cache will not be updated (of not even
-  # created in the first run). So this is a trade of between keeping the cache
-  # current and having a cache at all.
-  # NB: This is done only `on_success` since the cache in uploaded only on
-  # success anyway.
-  - C:\cygwin\bin\find "%LOCALAPPDATA%\pip" -type f -mtime +360 -delete
-  - C:\cygwin\bin\find "%LOCALAPPDATA%\pip" -type f -size +10M -delete
-  - C:\cygwin\bin\find "%LOCALAPPDATA%\pip" -empty -delete
-  # Show size of cache
-  - C:\cygwin\bin\du -hs "%LOCALAPPDATA%\pip\Cache"
diff --git a/.github/workflows/main.yml b/.github/workflows/main.yml
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..fa2c1154a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/.github/workflows/main.yml
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+name: CI on Windows
+
+on: [push, pull_request]
+
+jobs:
+  build:
+    runs-on: windows-latest
+    strategy:
+      matrix:
+        architecture: [x86, x64]
+
+    steps:
+    - uses: actions/checkout@v2
+    - name: Set up Python
+      uses: actions/setup-python@v1
+      with:
+        architecture: ${{ matrix.architecture }}
+    - name: Install dependencies
+      run:  pip install -U tox
+    - name: Run Tox
+      run:  tox -e py
diff --git a/CHANGES b/CHANGES
index 7d81e3a3e..40a0d22b4 100644
--- a/CHANGES
+++ b/CHANGES
@@ -41,6 +41,8 @@ Release 3.1.0 (in development)
 Dependencies
 ------------
 
+* #7746: mathjax: Update to 2.7.5
+
 Incompatible changes
 --------------------
 
@@ -82,9 +84,14 @@ Features added
 * #7487: autodoc: Allow to generate docs for singledispatch functions by
   py:autofunction
 * #7143: autodoc: Support final classes and methods
+* #7384: autodoc: Support signatures defined by ``__new__()``, metaclasses and
+  builtin base classes
+* #2106: autodoc: Support multiple signatures on docstring
+* #4422: autodoc: Support GenericAlias in Python 3.7 or above
 * #7466: autosummary: headings in generated documents are not translated
 * #7490: autosummary: Add ``:caption:`` option to autosummary directive to set a
   caption to the toctree
+* #7469: autosummary: Support module attributes
 * #248, #6040: autosummary: Add ``:recursive:`` option to autosummary directive
   to generate stub files recursively
 * #4030: autosummary: Add :confval:`autosummary_context` to add template
@@ -102,6 +109,7 @@ Features added
 * #7541: html theme: Add a "clearer" at the end of the "body"
 * #7542: html theme: Make admonition/topic/sidebar scrollable
 * #7543: html theme: Add top and bottom margins to tables
+* #7695: html theme: Add viewport meta tag for basic theme
 * C and C++: allow semicolon in the end of declarations.
 * C++, parse parameterized noexcept specifiers.
 * #7294: C++, parse expressions with user-defined literals.
@@ -110,6 +118,10 @@ Features added
   :rst:dir:`py:exception:` and :rst:dir:`py:method:` directives
 * #7596: py domain: Change a type annotation for variables to a hyperlink
 * #7582: napoleon: a type for attribute are represented like type annotation
+* #7734: napoleon: overescaped trailing underscore on attribute
+* #7683: Add ``allowed_exceptions`` parameter to ``Sphinx.emit()`` to allow
+  handlers to raise specified exceptions
+* #7295: C++, parse (trailing) requires clauses.
 
 Bugs fixed
 ----------
@@ -131,9 +143,19 @@ Bugs fixed
   specified
 * #7650: autodoc: undecorated signature is shown for decorated functions
 * #7676: autodoc: typo in the default value of autodoc_member_order
+* #7676: autodoc: wrong value for :member-order: option is ignored silently
+* #7676: autodoc: member-order="bysource" does not work for C module
+* #3673: autodoc: member-order="bysource" does not work for a module having
+  __all__
+* #7668: autodoc: wrong retann value is passed to a handler of
+  autodoc-proccess-signature
+* #7711: autodoc: fails with ValueError when processing numpy objects
 * #7551: autosummary: a nested class is indexed as non-nested class
 * #7661: autosummary: autosummary directive emits warnings twices if failed to
   import the target module
+* #7685: autosummary: The template variable "members" contains imported members
+  even if :confval:`autossummary_imported_members` is False
+* #7671: autosummary: The location of import failure warning is missing
 * #7535: sphinx-autogen: crashes when custom template uses inheritance
 * #7536: sphinx-autogen: crashes when template uses i18n feature
 * #7653: sphinx-quickstart: Fix multiple directory creation for nested relpath
@@ -143,15 +165,20 @@ Bugs fixed
   supporting images
 * #7610: incorrectly renders consecutive backslashes for docutils-0.16
 * #7646: handle errors on event handlers
+* #4187: LaTeX: EN DASH disappears from PDF bookmarks in Japanese documents
+* #7701: LaTeX: Anonymous indirect hyperlink target causes duplicated labels
+* #7756: py domain: The default value for positional only argument is not shown
 * C++, fix rendering and xrefs in nested names explicitly starting
   in global scope, e.g., ``::A::B``.
 * C, fix rendering and xrefs in nested names explicitly starting
   in global scope, e.g., ``.A.B``.
+* #7763: C and C++, don't crash during display stringification of unary
+  expressions and fold expressions.
 
 Testing
 --------
 
-Release 3.0.4 (in development)
+Release 3.0.5 (in development)
 ==============================
 
 Dependencies
@@ -169,14 +196,21 @@ Features added
 Bugs fixed
 ----------
 
+Testing
+--------
+
+Release 3.0.4 (released May 27, 2020)
+=====================================
+
+Bugs fixed
+----------
+
 * #7567: autodoc: parametrized types are shown twice for generic types
 * #7637: autodoc: system defined TypeVars are shown in Python 3.9
+* #7696: html: Updated jQuery version from 3.4.1 to 3.5.1 for security reasons
 * #7611: md5 fails when OpenSSL FIPS is enabled
 * #7626: release package does not contain ``CODE_OF_CONDUCT``
 
-Testing
---------
-
 Release 3.0.3 (released Apr 26, 2020)
 =====================================
 
diff --git a/CODE_OF_CONDUCT b/CODE_OF_CONDUCT
index f820bd131..4bec2fd3b 100644
--- a/CODE_OF_CONDUCT
+++ b/CODE_OF_CONDUCT
@@ -1,3 +1,7 @@
+======================
+Sphinx Code of Conduct
+======================
+
 Like the technical community as a whole, the Sphinx team and community is made
 up of volunteers from all over the world.
 Diversity is a strength, but it can also lead to communication issues and
@@ -25,7 +29,7 @@ adhere to.
   Not all of us will agree all the time, but disagreement is no excuse for poor
   behavior and poor manners. We might all experience some frustration now and
   then, but we cannot allow that frustration to turn into a personal attack.
-  It’s important to remember that a community where people feel uncomfortable or
+  It's important to remember that a community where people feel uncomfortable or
   threatened is not a productive one. Members of the Sphinx community should be
   respectful when dealing with other members as well as with people outside the
   Sphinx community.
@@ -57,20 +61,18 @@ adhere to.
 * **When we disagree, try to understand why.**
   Disagreements, both social and technical, happen all the time and Sphinx is no
   exception. It is important that we resolve disagreements and differing views
-  constructively. Remember that we’re different. Different people have different
+  constructively. Remember that we're different. Different people have different
   perspectives on issues. Being unable to understand why someone holds a
-  viewpoint doesn’t mean that they’re wrong. Don’t forget that it is human to
-  err and blaming each other doesn’t get us anywhere. Instead, focus on helping
+  viewpoint doesn't mean that they're wrong. Don't forget that it is human to
+  err and blaming each other doesn't get us anywhere. Instead, focus on helping
   to resolve issues and learning from mistakes.
 
-This isn’t an exhaustive list of things that you can’t do.
-Rather, take it in the spirit in which it’s intended - a guide to make it easier
+This isn't an exhaustive list of things that you can't do.
+Rather, take it in the spirit in which it's intended - a guide to make it easier
 to enrich all of us and the technical communities in which we participate.
 This code of conduct applies to all spaces of the Sphinx community.
 
-Attribution
------------
+.. rubric:: Attribution
 
 Original text courtesy of the Speak Up! project:
 http://web.archive.org/web/20141109123859/http://speakup.io/coc.html.
-
diff --git a/CONTRIBUTING.rst b/CONTRIBUTING.rst
index c47487139..73ea1e52e 100644
--- a/CONTRIBUTING.rst
+++ b/CONTRIBUTING.rst
@@ -1,455 +1,17 @@
-.. highlight:: console
-
-Sphinx Developer's Guide
-========================
-
-.. topic:: Abstract
-
-   This document describes the development process of Sphinx, a documentation
-   system used by developers to document systems used by other developers to
-   develop other systems that may also be documented using Sphinx.
-
-.. contents::
-   :local:
-
-The Sphinx source code is managed using Git and is hosted on GitHub.
-
-    git clone git://github.com/sphinx-doc/sphinx
-
-.. rubric:: Community
-
-sphinx-users <sphinx-users@googlegroups.com>
-    Mailing list for user support.
-
-sphinx-dev <sphinx-dev@googlegroups.com>
-    Mailing list for development related discussions.
-
-#sphinx-doc on irc.freenode.net
-    IRC channel for development questions and user support.
-
-
-Bug Reports and Feature Requests
---------------------------------
-
-If you have encountered a problem with Sphinx or have an idea for a new
-feature, please submit it to the `issue tracker`_ on GitHub or discuss it
-on the `sphinx-dev`_ mailing list.
-
-For bug reports, please include the output produced during the build process
-and also the log file Sphinx creates after it encounters an unhandled
-exception.  The location of this file should be shown towards the end of the
-error message.
-
-Including or providing a link to the source files involved may help us fix the
-issue.  If possible, try to create a minimal project that produces the error
-and post that instead.
-
-.. _`issue tracker`: https://github.com/sphinx-doc/sphinx/issues
-.. _`sphinx-dev`: mailto:sphinx-dev@googlegroups.com
-
-
+======================
 Contributing to Sphinx
-----------------------
-
-The recommended way for new contributors to submit code to Sphinx is to fork
-the repository on GitHub and then submit a pull request after
-committing the changes.  The pull request will then need to be approved by one
-of the core developers before it is merged into the main repository.
-
-#. Check for open issues or open a fresh issue to start a discussion around a
-   feature idea or a bug.
-#. If you feel uncomfortable or uncertain about an issue or your changes, feel
-   free to email the *sphinx-dev* mailing list.
-#. Fork `the repository`_ on GitHub to start making your changes to the
-   ``master`` branch for next MAJOR version, or ``A.x`` branch for next
-   MINOR version (see `Branch Model`_).
-#. Write a test which shows that the bug was fixed or that the feature works
-   as expected.
-#. Send a pull request and bug the maintainer until it gets merged and
-   published. Make sure to add yourself to AUTHORS_ and the change to
-   CHANGES_.
-
-.. _`the repository`: https://github.com/sphinx-doc/sphinx
-.. _AUTHORS: https://github.com/sphinx-doc/sphinx/blob/master/AUTHORS
-.. _CHANGES: https://github.com/sphinx-doc/sphinx/blob/master/CHANGES
-
-
-Getting Started
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-These are the basic steps needed to start developing on Sphinx.
-
-#. Create an account on GitHub.
-
-#. Fork the main Sphinx repository (`sphinx-doc/sphinx
-   <https://github.com/sphinx-doc/sphinx>`_) using the GitHub interface.
-
-#. Clone the forked repository to your machine. ::
-
-       git clone https://github.com/USERNAME/sphinx
-       cd sphinx
-
-#. Checkout the appropriate branch.
-
-   Sphinx adopts Semantic Versioning 2.0.0 (refs: https://semver.org/ ).
-
-   For changes that preserves backwards-compatibility of API and features,
-   they should be included in the next MINOR release, use the ``A.x`` branch.
-   ::
-
-       git checkout A.x
-
-   For incompatible or other substantial changes that should wait until the
-   next MAJOR release, use the ``master`` branch.
-
-   For urgent release, a new PATCH branch must be branched from the newest
-   release tag (see `Branch Model`_ for detail).
-
-#. Setup a virtual environment.
-
-   This is not necessary for unit testing, thanks to ``tox``, but it is
-   necessary if you wish to run ``sphinx-build`` locally or run unit tests
-   without the help of ``tox``. ::
-
-       virtualenv ~/.venv
-       . ~/.venv/bin/activate
-       pip install -e .
-
-#. Create a new working branch.  Choose any name you like. ::
-
-       git checkout -b feature-xyz
-
-#. Hack, hack, hack.
-
-   For tips on working with the code, see the `Coding Guide`_.
-
-#. Test, test, test.
-
-   Testing is best done through ``tox``, which provides a number of targets and
-   allows testing against multiple different Python environments:
-
-   * To list all possible targets::
-
-         tox -av
-
-   * To run unit tests for a specific Python version, such as 3.6::
-
-         tox -e py36
-
-   * To run unit tests for a specific Python version and turn on deprecation
-     warnings on so they're shown in the test output::
-
-         PYTHONWARNINGS=all tox -e py36
-
-   * To run code style and type checks::
-
-         tox -e mypy
-         tox -e flake8
-
-   * Arguments to ``pytest`` can be passed via ``tox``, e.g. in order to run a
-     particular test::
-
-       tox -e py36 tests/test_module.py::test_new_feature
-
-   * To build the documentation::
-
-         tox -e docs
-
-   * To build the documentation in multiple formats::
-
-         tox -e docs -- -b html,latexpdf
-
-   * To run JavaScript tests with `Karma <https://karma-runner.github.io>`_,
-     execute the following commands (requires `Node.js <https://nodejs.org>`_)::
-
-      npm install
-      npm run test
-
-   You can also test by installing dependencies in your local environment. ::
-
-       pip install .[test]
-
-   New unit tests should be included in the ``tests`` directory where
-   necessary:
-
-   * For bug fixes, first add a test that fails without your changes and passes
-     after they are applied.
-
-   * Tests that need a ``sphinx-build`` run should be integrated in one of the
-     existing test modules if possible.  New tests that to ``@with_app`` and
-     then ``build_all`` for a few assertions are not good since *the test suite
-     should not take more than a minute to run*.
-
-#. Please add a bullet point to :file:`CHANGES` if the fix or feature is not
-   trivial (small doc updates, typo fixes).  Then commit::
-
-       git commit -m '#42: Add useful new feature that does this.'
-
-   GitHub recognizes certain phrases that can be used to automatically
-   update the issue tracker.
-
-   For example::
-
-       git commit -m 'Closes #42: Fix invalid markup in docstring of Foo.bar.'
-
-   would close issue #42.
-
-#. Push changes in the branch to your forked repository on GitHub. ::
-
-       git push origin feature-xyz
-
-#. Submit a pull request from your branch to the respective branch (``master``
-   or ``A.x``).
-
-#. Wait for a core developer to review your changes.
-
-
-Translations
-~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-The Sphinx core messages and documentations are translated on `Transifex
-<https://www.transifex.com/>`_.  Please join `Sphinx project on Transifex
-<https://www.transifex.com/sphinx-doc/>`_ and translate them.
-
-
-Core Developers
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-The core developers of Sphinx have write access to the main repository.  They
-can commit changes, accept/reject pull requests, and manage items on the issue
-tracker.
-
-You do not need to be a core developer or have write access to be involved in
-the development of Sphinx.  You can submit patches or create pull requests
-from forked repositories and have a core developer add the changes for you.
-
-The following are some general guidelines for core developers:
-
-* Questionable or extensive changes should be submitted as a pull request
-  instead of being committed directly to the main repository.  The pull
-  request should be reviewed by another core developer before it is merged.
-
-* Trivial changes can be committed directly but be sure to keep the repository
-  in a good working state and that all tests pass before pushing your changes.
-
-* When committing code written by someone else, please attribute the original
-  author in the commit message and any relevant :file:`CHANGES` entry.
-
-
-Coding Guide
-------------
-
-* Try to use the same code style as used in the rest of the project.  See the
-  `Pocoo Styleguide`__ for more information.
-
-  __ http://flask.pocoo.org/docs/styleguide/
-
-* For non-trivial changes, please update the :file:`CHANGES` file.  If your
-  changes alter existing behavior, please document this.
-
-* New features should be documented.  Include examples and use cases where
-  appropriate.  If possible, include a sample that is displayed in the
-  generated output.
-
-* When adding a new configuration variable, be sure to document it and update
-  :file:`sphinx/cmd/quickstart.py` if it's important enough.
-
-* Add appropriate unit tests.
-
-
-Debugging Tips
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-* Delete the build cache before building documents if you make changes in the
-  code by running the command ``make clean`` or using the
-  :option:`sphinx-build -E` option.
-
-* Use the :option:`sphinx-build -P` option to run ``pdb`` on exceptions.
-
-* Use ``node.pformat()`` and ``node.asdom().toxml()`` to generate a printable
-  representation of the document structure.
-
-* Set the configuration variable :confval:`keep_warnings` to ``True`` so
-  warnings will be displayed in the generated output.
-
-* Set the configuration variable :confval:`nitpicky` to ``True`` so that Sphinx
-  will complain about references without a known target.
-
-* Set the debugging options in the `Docutils configuration file
-  <http://docutils.sourceforge.net/docs/user/config.html>`_.
-
-* JavaScript stemming algorithms in ``sphinx/search/*.py`` (except ``en.py``)
-  are generated by this
-  `modified snowballcode generator <https://github.com/shibukawa/snowball>`_.
-  Generated `JSX <https://jsx.github.io/>`_ files are
-  in `this repository <https://github.com/shibukawa/snowball-stemmer.jsx>`_.
-  You can get the resulting JavaScript files using the following command::
-
-     npm install
-     node_modules/.bin/grunt build # -> dest/*.global.js
-
-
-Branch Model
-------------
-
-Sphinx project uses following branches for developing that conforms to Semantic
-Versioning 2.0.0 (refs: https://semver.org/ ).
-
-``master``
-    Development for MAJOR version.
-    All changes including incompatible behaviors and public API updates are
-    allowed.
-
-``A.x`` (ex. ``2.x``)
-    Where ``A.x`` is the ``MAJOR.MINOR`` release.  Used to maintain current
-    MINOR release. All changes are allowed if the change preserves
-    backwards-compatibility of API and features.
-
-    Only the most recent ``MAJOR.MINOR`` branch is currently retained. When a
-    new MAJOR version is released, the old ``MAJOR.MINOR`` branch will be
-    deleted and replaced by an equivalent tag.
-
-``A.B.x`` (ex. ``2.4.x``)
-    Where ``A.B.x`` is the ``MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH`` release.  Only
-    backwards-compatible bug fixes are allowed. In Sphinx project, PATCH
-    version is used for urgent bug fix.
-
-    ``MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH`` branch will be branched from the ``v`` prefixed
-    release tag (ex. make 2.3.1 that branched from v2.3.0) when a urgent
-    release is needed. When new PATCH version is released, the branch will be
-    deleted and replaced by an equivalent tag (ex. v2.3.1).
-
-
-Deprecating a feature
----------------------
-
-There are a couple reasons that code in Sphinx might be deprecated:
-
-* If a feature has been improved or modified in a backwards-incompatible way,
-  the old feature or behavior will be deprecated.
-
-* Sometimes Sphinx will include a backport of a Python library that's not
-  included in a version of Python that Sphinx currently supports. When Sphinx
-  no longer needs to support the older version of Python that doesn't include
-  the library, the library will be deprecated in Sphinx.
-
-As the :ref:`deprecation-policy` describes, the first release of Sphinx that
-deprecates a feature (``A.B``) should raise a ``RemovedInSphinxXXWarning``
-(where ``XX`` is the Sphinx version where the feature will be removed) when the
-deprecated feature is invoked. Assuming we have good test coverage, these
-warnings are converted to errors when running the test suite with warnings
-enabled::
-
-    pytest -Wall
-
-Thus, when adding a ``RemovedInSphinxXXWarning`` you need to eliminate or
-silence any warnings generated when running the tests.
-
-.. _deprecation-policy:
-
-Deprecation policy
-------------------
-
-MAJOR and MINOR releases may deprecate certain features from previous
-releases. If a feature is deprecated in a release A.x, it will continue to
-work in all A.x.x versions (for all versions of x). It will continue to work
-in all B.x.x versions but raise deprecation warnings. Deprecated features
-will be removed at the C.0.0. It means the deprecated feature will work during
-2 MAJOR releases at least.
-
-So, for example, if we decided to start the deprecation of a function in
-Sphinx 2.x:
-
-* Sphinx 2.x will contain a backwards-compatible replica of the function
-  which will raise a ``RemovedInSphinx40Warning``.
-  This is a subclass of :exc:`python:PendingDeprecationWarning`, i.e. it
-  will not get displayed by default.
-
-* Sphinx 3.x will still contain the backwards-compatible replica, but
-  ``RemovedInSphinx40Warning`` will be a subclass of
-  :exc:`python:DeprecationWarning` then, and gets displayed by default.
-
-* Sphinx 4.0 will remove the feature outright.
-
-Deprecation warnings
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-Sphinx will enable its ``RemovedInNextVersionWarning`` warnings by default,
-if :envvar:`python:PYTHONWARNINGS` is not set.
-Therefore you can disable them using:
-
-* ``PYTHONWARNINGS= make html`` (Linux/Mac)
-* ``export PYTHONWARNINGS=`` and do ``make html`` (Linux/Mac)
-* ``set PYTHONWARNINGS=`` and do ``make html`` (Windows)
-
-But you can also explicitly enable the pending ones using e.g.
-``PYTHONWARNINGS=default`` (see the
-:ref:`Python docs on configuring warnings <python:describing-warning-filters>`)
-for more details.
-
-Unit Testing
-------------
-
-Sphinx has been tested with pytest runner. Sphinx developers write unit tests
-using pytest notation. Utility functions and pytest fixtures for testing are
-provided in ``sphinx.testing``. If you are a developer of Sphinx extensions,
-you can write unit tests with using pytest. At this time, ``sphinx.testing``
-will help your test implementation.
-
-How to use pytest fixtures that are provided by ``sphinx.testing``?
-You can require ``'sphinx.testing.fixtures'`` in your test modules or
-``conftest.py`` files like this::
-
-   pytest_plugins = 'sphinx.testing.fixtures'
-
-If you want to know more detailed usage, please refer to ``tests/conftest.py``
-and other ``test_*.py`` files under ``tests`` directory.
-
-.. note::
-
-   Prior to Sphinx - 1.5.2, Sphinx was running the test with nose.
-
-.. versionadded:: 1.6
-   ``sphinx.testing`` as a experimental.
-
-.. versionadded:: 1.8
-   Sphinx also runs JavaScript tests.
-
-
-Release procedures
-------------------
-
-The release procedures are listed on ``utils/release-checklist``.
-
-
-Locale Updates
-~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-The parts of messages in Sphinx that go into builds are translated into several
-locales.  The translations are kept as gettext ``.po`` files translated from the
-master template :file:`sphinx/locale/sphinx.pot`.
+======================
 
-Sphinx uses `Babel <http://babel.pocoo.org/en/latest/>`_ to extract messages
-and maintain the catalog files.  It is integrated in ``setup.py``:
+Interested in contributing to Sphinx? Hurrah! We welcome all forms of
+contribution, including code patches, documentation improvements and bug
+reports/feature requests.
 
-* Use ``python setup.py extract_messages`` to update the ``.pot`` template.
-* Use ``python setup.py update_catalog`` to update all existing language
-  catalogs in ``sphinx/locale/*/LC_MESSAGES`` with the current messages in the
-  template file.
-* Use ``python setup.py compile_catalog`` to compile the ``.po`` files to binary
-  ``.mo`` files and ``.js`` files.
+Our contributing guide can be found online at:
 
-When an updated ``.po`` file is submitted, run compile_catalog to commit both
-the source and the compiled catalogs.
+https://www.sphinx-doc.org/en/master/internals/contributing/
 
-When a new locale is submitted, add a new directory with the ISO 639-1 language
-identifier and put ``sphinx.po`` in there.  Don't forget to update the possible
-values for :confval:`language` in ``doc/usage/configuration.rst``.
+You can also browse it from this repository from
+``doc/internals/contributing/``
 
-The Sphinx core messages can also be translated on `Transifex
-<https://www.transifex.com/>`_.  There exists a client tool named ``tx`` in the
-Python package "transifex_client", which can be used to pull translations in
-``.po`` format from Transifex.  To do this, go to ``sphinx/locale`` and then run
-``tx pull -f -l LANG`` where LANG is an existing language identifier.  It is
-good practice to run ``python setup.py update_catalog`` afterwards to make sure
-the ``.po`` file has the canonical Babel formatting.
+Sphinx uses GitHub to host source code, track patches and bugs, and more.
+Please make an effort to provide as much possible when filing bugs.
diff --git a/README.rst b/README.rst
index 68065ac85..b99b79702 100644
--- a/README.rst
+++ b/README.rst
@@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ If you wish to install `Sphinx` for development purposes, refer to `the
 contributors guide`__.
 
 __ https://pypi.org/project/Sphinx/
-__ http://www.sphinx-doc.org/en/master/devguide.html
+__ http://www.sphinx-doc.org/en/master/internals/contributing.html
 
 Documentation
 =============
@@ -110,14 +110,14 @@ For information on running tests locally, refer to `the contributors guide`__.
 __ https://travis-ci.org/sphinx-doc/sphinx
 __ https://ci.appveyor.com/project/sphinxdoc/sphinx
 __ https://circleci.com/gh/sphinx-doc/sphinx
-__ http://www.sphinx-doc.org/en/master/devguide.html
+__ http://www.sphinx-doc.org/en/master/internals/contributing.html
 
 Contributing
 ============
 
 Refer to `the contributors guide`__.
 
-__ http://www.sphinx-doc.org/en/master/devguide.html
+__ http://www.sphinx-doc.org/en/master/internals/contributing.html
 
 Release signatures
 ==================
diff --git a/bindep.txt b/bindep.txt
index b99782017..dfee52c28 100644
--- a/bindep.txt
+++ b/bindep.txt
@@ -13,3 +13,9 @@ texlive-anyfontsize [platform:rpm]
 texlive-ctablestack [platform:rpm]
 texlive-gnu-freefont [platform:rpm]
 latexmk [platform:rpm]
+
+texlive-latex-recommended [platform:dpkg]
+texlive-fonts-recommended [platform:dpkg]
+texlive-latex-extra [platform:dpkg]
+texlive-luatex [platform:dpkg]
+latexmk [platform:dpkg]
diff --git a/doc/_templates/index.html b/doc/_templates/index.html
index 4290c9d22..5e588acc4 100644
--- a/doc/_templates/index.html
+++ b/doc/_templates/index.html
@@ -116,12 +116,12 @@
     this part of the documentation is for you.{%endtrans%}</p>
 
     <ul>
-      <li>{%trans path=pathto("devguide")%}<a href="{{ path }}">Sphinx Developer’s Guide</a></li>{%endtrans%}
-      <li>{%trans path=pathto("authors")%}<a href="{{ path }}">Sphinx Authors</a></li>{%endtrans%}
+      <li>{%trans path=pathto("internals/contributing")%}<a href="{{ path }}">Sphinx Contributors’s Guide</a></li>{%endtrans%}
+      <li>{%trans path=pathto("internals/authors")%}<a href="{{ path }}">Sphinx Authors</a></li>{%endtrans%}
     </ul>
 
-    <h2>{%trans%}Code of Conduct{%endtrans%}</h2>
+  <h2>{%trans%}Code of Conduct{%endtrans%}</h2>
 
-    {%trans path=pathto("code_of_conduct")%}Please adhere to our <a href="{{ path }}">Code of Conduct</a>.{%endtrans%}
+  <p>{%trans path=pathto("code_of_conduct")%}Please adhere to our <a href="{{ path }}">Code of Conduct</a>.{%endtrans%}</p>
 
 {% endblock %}
diff --git a/doc/changes.rst b/doc/changes.rst
index ab9795572..b4872784a 100644
--- a/doc/changes.rst
+++ b/doc/changes.rst
@@ -4,7 +4,8 @@
 
 .. _changes:
 
-Changes in Sphinx
-*****************
+=========
+Changelog
+=========
 
 .. include:: ../CHANGES
diff --git a/doc/code_of_conduct.rst b/doc/code_of_conduct.rst
deleted file mode 100644
index c1af92ddc..000000000
--- a/doc/code_of_conduct.rst
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,8 +0,0 @@
-:tocdepth: 2
-
-.. _code_of_conduct:
-
-Sphinx Code of Conduct
-======================
-
-.. include:: ../CODE_OF_CONDUCT
diff --git a/doc/contents.rst b/doc/contents.rst
index 7e87cfffa..17a3d4b54 100644
--- a/doc/contents.rst
+++ b/doc/contents.rst
@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-
 .. _contents:
 
 Sphinx documentation contents
@@ -7,35 +6,21 @@ Sphinx documentation contents
 .. toctree::
    :maxdepth: 2
 
-   intro
-
-   usage/installation
-   usage/quickstart
-   usage/restructuredtext/index
-   usage/markdown
-   usage/configuration
-   usage/builders/index
-   usage/extensions/index
-   usage/theming
-   usage/advanced/intl
-   usage/advanced/setuptools
-   usage/advanced/websupport/index
-
+   usage/index
+   development/index
    man/index
+
    theming
    templating
    latex
    extdev/index
-   development/tutorials/index
+
+   internals/index
 
    faq
    glossary
-   devguide
    changes
    examples
-   authors
-   code_of_conduct
-
 
 
 Indices and tables
diff --git a/doc/develop.rst b/doc/develop.rst
index d4b9a0e5d..080251ba6 100644
--- a/doc/develop.rst
+++ b/doc/develop.rst
@@ -14,7 +14,8 @@ Sphinx is a maintained by a group of volunteers.  We value every contribution!
 * There is also the #sphinx-doc IRC channel on `freenode
   <https://freenode.net/>`_.
 
-For more about our development process and methods, see the :doc:`devguide`.
+For more about our development process and methods, refer to
+:doc:`/internals/index`.
 
 Extensions
 ==========
diff --git a/doc/development/index.rst b/doc/development/index.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6a3406a20
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/development/index.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,13 @@
+================
+Extending Sphinx
+================
+
+This guide is aimed at those wishing to develop their own extensions for
+Sphinx. Sphinx possesses significant extensibility capabilities including the
+ability to hook into almost every point of the build process.  If you simply
+wish to use Sphinx with existing extensions, refer to :doc:`/usage/index`.
+
+.. toctree::
+   :maxdepth: 2
+
+   tutorials/index
diff --git a/doc/devguide.rst b/doc/devguide.rst
deleted file mode 100644
index e582053ea..000000000
--- a/doc/devguide.rst
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1 +0,0 @@
-.. include:: ../CONTRIBUTING.rst
diff --git a/doc/extdev/appapi.rst b/doc/extdev/appapi.rst
index 961558600..d5b1a8a98 100644
--- a/doc/extdev/appapi.rst
+++ b/doc/extdev/appapi.rst
@@ -230,11 +230,15 @@ connect handlers to the events.  Example:
 
 .. event:: missing-reference (app, env, node, contnode)
 
-   Emitted when a cross-reference to a Python module or object cannot be
-   resolved.  If the event handler can resolve the reference, it should return a
+   Emitted when a cross-reference to an object cannot be resolved.
+   If the event handler can resolve the reference, it should return a
    new docutils node to be inserted in the document tree in place of the node
    *node*.  Usually this node is a :class:`reference` node containing *contnode*
    as a child.
+   If the handler can not resolve the cross-reference,
+   it can either return ``None`` to let other handlers try,
+   or raise :class:`NoUri` to prevent other handlers in trying and suppress
+   a warning about this cross-reference being unresolved.
 
    :param env: The build environment (``app.builder.env``).
    :param node: The :class:`pending_xref` node to be resolved.  Its attributes
diff --git a/doc/faq.rst b/doc/faq.rst
index 28d14d79e..49723d134 100644
--- a/doc/faq.rst
+++ b/doc/faq.rst
@@ -148,6 +148,43 @@ Google Search
 .. _xhtml to reST: http://docutils.sourceforge.net/sandbox/xhtml2rest/xhtml2rest.py
 
 
+Sphinx vs. Docutils
+-------------------
+
+tl;dr: *docutils* converts reStructuredText to multiple output formats. Sphinx
+builds upon docutils to allow construction of cross-referenced and indexed
+bodies of documentation.
+
+`docutils`__ is a text processing system for converting plain text
+documentation into other, richer formats. As noted in the `docutils
+documentation`__, docutils uses *readers* to read a document, *parsers* for
+parsing plain text formats into an internal tree representation made up of
+different types of *nodes*, and *writers* to output this tree in various
+document formats.  docutils provides parsers for one plain text format -
+`reStructuredText`__ - though other, *out-of-tree* parsers have been
+implemented including Sphinx's :doc:`Markdown parser </usage/markdown>`. On the
+other hand, it provides writers for many different formats including HTML,
+LaTeX, man pages, Open Document Format and XML.
+
+docutils exposes all of its functionality through a variety of `front-end
+tools`__, such as ``rst2html``, ``rst2odt`` and ``rst2xml``. Crucially though,
+all of these tools, and docutils itself, are concerned with individual
+documents.  They don't support concepts such as cross-referencing, indexing of
+documents, or the construction of a document hierarchy (typically manifesting
+in a table of contents).
+
+Sphinx builds upon docutils by harnessing docutils' readers and parsers and
+providing its own :doc:`/usage/builders/index`. As a result, Sphinx wraps some
+of the *writers* provided by docutils. This allows Sphinx to provide many
+features that would simply not be possible with docutils, such as those
+outlined above.
+
+__ http://docutils.sourceforge.io/
+__ http://docutils.sourceforge.io/docs/dev/hacking.html
+__ http://docutils.sourceforge.io/rst.html
+__ http://docutils.sourceforge.net/docs/user/tools.html
+
+
 .. _epub-faq:
 
 Epub info
diff --git a/doc/authors.rst b/doc/internals/authors.rst
index 980b33e8c..929acc935 100644
--- a/doc/authors.rst
+++ b/doc/internals/authors.rst
@@ -2,8 +2,8 @@
 
 .. _authors:
 
+==============
 Sphinx authors
 ==============
 
-.. include:: ../AUTHORS
-
+.. include:: ../../AUTHORS
diff --git a/doc/internals/code-of-conduct.rst b/doc/internals/code-of-conduct.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..8e31ef0af
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/internals/code-of-conduct.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+:tocdepth: 2
+
+.. _code_of_conduct:
+
+.. include:: ../../CODE_OF_CONDUCT
diff --git a/doc/internals/contributing.rst b/doc/internals/contributing.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..0e464478a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/internals/contributing.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,309 @@
+======================
+Contributing to Sphinx
+======================
+
+There are many ways you can contribute to Sphinx, be it filing bug reports or
+feature requests, writing new documentation or submitting patches for new or
+fixed behavior. This guide serves to illustrate how you can get started with
+this.
+
+Getting help
+------------
+
+The Sphinx community maintains a number of mailing lists and IRC channels.
+
+sphinx-users <sphinx-users@googlegroups.com>
+    Mailing list for user support.
+
+sphinx-dev <sphinx-dev@googlegroups.com>
+    Mailing list for development related discussions.
+
+#sphinx-doc on irc.freenode.net
+    IRC channel for development questions and user support.
+
+
+Bug Reports and Feature Requests
+--------------------------------
+
+If you have encountered a problem with Sphinx or have an idea for a new
+feature, please submit it to the `issue tracker`_ on GitHub or discuss it
+on the `sphinx-dev`_ mailing list.
+
+For bug reports, please include the output produced during the build process
+and also the log file Sphinx creates after it encounters an unhandled
+exception.  The location of this file should be shown towards the end of the
+error message.
+
+Including or providing a link to the source files involved may help us fix the
+issue.  If possible, try to create a minimal project that produces the error
+and post that instead.
+
+.. _`issue tracker`: https://github.com/sphinx-doc/sphinx/issues
+.. _`sphinx-dev`: mailto:sphinx-dev@googlegroups.com
+
+
+Writing code
+------------
+
+The Sphinx source code is managed using Git and is hosted on `GitHub`__.  The
+recommended way for new contributors to submit code to Sphinx is to fork this
+repository and submit a pull request after committing changes to their fork.
+The pull request will then need to be approved by one of the core developers
+before it is merged into the main repository.
+
+.. __: https://github.com/sphinx-doc/sphinx
+
+Getting started
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Before starting on a patch, we recommend checking for open issues or open a
+fresh issue to start a discussion around a feature idea or a bug. If you feel
+uncomfortable or uncertain about an issue or your changes, feel free to email
+the *sphinx-dev* mailing list.
+
+These are the basic steps needed to start developing on Sphinx.
+
+#. Create an account on GitHub.
+
+#. Fork the main Sphinx repository (`sphinx-doc/sphinx
+   <https://github.com/sphinx-doc/sphinx>`_) using the GitHub interface.
+
+#. Clone the forked repository to your machine. ::
+
+       git clone https://github.com/USERNAME/sphinx
+       cd sphinx
+
+#. Checkout the appropriate branch.
+
+   Sphinx adopts Semantic Versioning 2.0.0 (refs: https://semver.org/ ).
+
+   For changes that preserves backwards-compatibility of API and features,
+   they should be included in the next MINOR release, use the ``A.x`` branch.
+   ::
+
+       git checkout A.x
+
+   For incompatible or other substantial changes that should wait until the
+   next MAJOR release, use the ``master`` branch.
+
+   For urgent release, a new PATCH branch must be branched from the newest
+   release tag (see :doc:`release-process` for detail).
+
+#. Setup a virtual environment.
+
+   This is not necessary for unit testing, thanks to ``tox``, but it is
+   necessary if you wish to run ``sphinx-build`` locally or run unit tests
+   without the help of ``tox``::
+
+       virtualenv ~/.venv
+       . ~/.venv/bin/activate
+       pip install -e .
+
+#. Create a new working branch. Choose any name you like. ::
+
+       git checkout -b feature-xyz
+
+#. Hack, hack, hack.
+
+   Write your code along with tests that shows that the bug was fixed or that
+   the feature works as expected.
+
+#. Add a bullet point to :file:`CHANGES` if the fix or feature is not trivial
+   (small doc updates, typo fixes), then commit::
+
+       git commit -m '#42: Add useful new feature that does this.'
+
+   GitHub recognizes certain phrases that can be used to automatically
+   update the issue tracker. For example::
+
+       git commit -m 'Closes #42: Fix invalid markup in docstring of Foo.bar.'
+
+   would close issue #42.
+
+#. Push changes in the branch to your forked repository on GitHub::
+
+       git push origin feature-xyz
+
+#. Submit a pull request from your branch to the respective branch (``master``
+   or ``A.x``).
+
+#. Wait for a core developer to review your changes.
+
+Coding style
+~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Please follow these guidelines when writing code for Sphinx:
+
+* Try to use the same code style as used in the rest of the project.  See the
+  `Pocoo Styleguide`__ for more information.
+
+  __ http://flask.pocoo.org/docs/styleguide/
+
+* For non-trivial changes, please update the :file:`CHANGES` file.  If your
+  changes alter existing behavior, please document this.
+
+* New features should be documented.  Include examples and use cases where
+  appropriate.  If possible, include a sample that is displayed in the
+  generated output.
+
+* When adding a new configuration variable, be sure to document it and update
+  :file:`sphinx/cmd/quickstart.py` if it's important enough.
+
+* Add appropriate unit tests.
+
+Style and type checks can be run using ``tox``::
+
+    tox -e mypy
+    tox -e flake8
+
+Unit tests
+~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Sphinx is tested using `pytest`__ for Python code and `Karma`__ for JavaScript.
+
+.. __: https://docs.pytest.org/en/latest/
+.. __: https://karma-runner.github.io
+
+To run Python unit tests, we recommend using ``tox``, which provides a number
+of targets and allows testing against multiple different Python environments:
+
+* To list all possible targets::
+
+      tox -av
+
+* To run unit tests for a specific Python version, such as Python 3.6::
+
+      tox -e py36
+
+* To run unit tests for a specific Python version and turn on deprecation
+  warnings on so they're shown in the test output::
+
+      PYTHONWARNINGS=all tox -e py36
+
+* Arguments to ``pytest`` can be passed via ``tox``, e.g. in order to run a
+  particular test::
+
+      tox -e py36 tests/test_module.py::test_new_feature
+
+You can also test by installing dependencies in your local environment::
+
+    pip install .[test]
+
+To run JavaScript tests, use ``npm``::
+
+    npm install
+    npm run test
+
+New unit tests should be included in the ``tests`` directory where
+necessary:
+
+* For bug fixes, first add a test that fails without your changes and passes
+  after they are applied.
+
+* Tests that need a ``sphinx-build`` run should be integrated in one of the
+  existing test modules if possible.  New tests that to ``@with_app`` and
+  then ``build_all`` for a few assertions are not good since *the test suite
+  should not take more than a minute to run*.
+
+.. versionadded:: 1.8
+
+   Sphinx also runs JavaScript tests.
+
+.. versionadded:: 1.6
+
+   ``sphinx.testing`` is added as a experimental.
+
+.. versionchanged:: 1.5.2
+
+   Sphinx was switched from nose to pytest.
+
+.. todo:: The below belongs in the developer guide
+
+Utility functions and pytest fixtures for testing are provided in
+``sphinx.testing``. If you are a developer of Sphinx extensions, you can write
+unit tests with using pytest. At this time, ``sphinx.testing`` will help your
+test implementation.
+
+How to use pytest fixtures that are provided by ``sphinx.testing``?  You can
+require ``'sphinx.testing.fixtures'`` in your test modules or ``conftest.py``
+files like this::
+
+   pytest_plugins = 'sphinx.testing.fixtures'
+
+If you want to know more detailed usage, please refer to ``tests/conftest.py``
+and other ``test_*.py`` files under ``tests`` directory.
+
+
+Writing documentation
+---------------------
+
+.. todo:: Add a more extensive documentation contribution guide.
+
+You can build documentation using ``tox``::
+
+    tox -e docs
+
+Translations
+~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The parts of messages in Sphinx that go into builds are translated into several
+locales.  The translations are kept as gettext ``.po`` files translated from the
+master template :file:`sphinx/locale/sphinx.pot`.
+
+Sphinx uses `Babel <http://babel.pocoo.org/en/latest/>`_ to extract messages
+and maintain the catalog files.  It is integrated in ``setup.py``:
+
+* Use ``python setup.py extract_messages`` to update the ``.pot`` template.
+* Use ``python setup.py update_catalog`` to update all existing language
+  catalogs in ``sphinx/locale/*/LC_MESSAGES`` with the current messages in the
+  template file.
+* Use ``python setup.py compile_catalog`` to compile the ``.po`` files to binary
+  ``.mo`` files and ``.js`` files.
+
+When an updated ``.po`` file is submitted, run compile_catalog to commit both
+the source and the compiled catalogs.
+
+When a new locale is submitted, add a new directory with the ISO 639-1 language
+identifier and put ``sphinx.po`` in there.  Don't forget to update the possible
+values for :confval:`language` in ``doc/usage/configuration.rst``.
+
+The Sphinx core messages can also be translated on `Transifex
+<https://www.transifex.com/sphinx-doc/>`_.  There ``tx`` client tool, which is
+provided by the ``transifex_client`` Python package, can be used to pull
+translations in ``.po`` format from Transifex.  To do this, go to
+``sphinx/locale`` and then run ``tx pull -f -l LANG`` where ``LANG`` is an
+existing language identifier.  It is good practice to run ``python setup.py
+update_catalog`` afterwards to make sure the ``.po`` file has the canonical
+Babel formatting.
+
+
+Debugging tips
+--------------
+
+* Delete the build cache before building documents if you make changes in the
+  code by running the command ``make clean`` or using the
+  :option:`sphinx-build -E` option.
+
+* Use the :option:`sphinx-build -P` option to run ``pdb`` on exceptions.
+
+* Use ``node.pformat()`` and ``node.asdom().toxml()`` to generate a printable
+  representation of the document structure.
+
+* Set the configuration variable :confval:`keep_warnings` to ``True`` so
+  warnings will be displayed in the generated output.
+
+* Set the configuration variable :confval:`nitpicky` to ``True`` so that Sphinx
+  will complain about references without a known target.
+
+* Set the debugging options in the `Docutils configuration file
+  <http://docutils.sourceforge.net/docs/user/config.html>`_.
+
+* JavaScript stemming algorithms in ``sphinx/search/*.py`` (except ``en.py``)
+  are generated by this `modified snowballcode generator
+  <https://github.com/shibukawa/snowball>`_.  Generated `JSX
+  <https://jsx.github.io/>`_ files are in `this repository
+  <https://github.com/shibukawa/snowball-stemmer.jsx>`_.  You can get the
+  resulting JavaScript files using the following command::
+
+      npm install
+      node_modules/.bin/grunt build # -> dest/*.global.js
diff --git a/doc/internals/index.rst b/doc/internals/index.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..6a62a96be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/internals/index.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,16 @@
+================
+Sphinx internals
+================
+
+This guide contains information about the Sphinx open source project itself.
+This is where you can find information about how Sphinx is managed and learn
+how to contribute to the project.
+
+.. toctree::
+   :maxdepth: 2
+
+   contributing
+   release-process
+   organization
+   code-of-conduct
+   authors
diff --git a/doc/internals/organization.rst b/doc/internals/organization.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4fc159845
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/internals/organization.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+==================================
+Organization of the Sphinx project
+==================================
+
+The guide explains how the Sphinx project is organized.
+
+Core developers
+---------------
+
+The core developers of Sphinx have write access to the main repository.  They
+can commit changes, accept/reject pull requests, and manage items on the issue
+tracker.
+
+Guidelines
+~~~~~~~~~~
+
+The following are some general guidelines for core developers:
+
+* Questionable or extensive changes should be submitted as a pull request
+  instead of being committed directly to the main repository.  The pull
+  request should be reviewed by another core developer before it is merged.
+
+* Trivial changes can be committed directly but be sure to keep the repository
+  in a good working state and that all tests pass before pushing your changes.
+
+* When committing code written by someone else, please attribute the original
+  author in the commit message and any relevant :file:`CHANGES` entry.
+
+Membership
+~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Core membership is predicated on continued active contribution to the project.
+In general, prospective cores should demonstrate:
+
+- a good understanding of one of more components of Sphinx
+
+- a history of helpful, constructive contributions
+
+- a willingness to invest time improving Sphinx
+
+Refer to :doc:`contributing` for more information on how you can get started.
+
+Other contributors
+------------------
+
+You do not need to be a core developer or have write access to be involved in
+the development of Sphinx.  You can submit patches or create pull requests
+from forked repositories and have a core developer add the changes for you.
+
+Similarly, contributions are not limited to code patches. We also welcome help
+triaging bugs, input on design decisions, reviews of existing patches and
+documentation improvements. More information can be found in
+:doc:`contributing`.
+
+A list of people that have contributed to Sphinx can be found in
+:doc:`authors`.
diff --git a/doc/internals/release-process.rst b/doc/internals/release-process.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..4e34debfb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/internals/release-process.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,106 @@
+========================
+Sphinx's release process
+========================
+
+Branch Model
+------------
+
+Sphinx project uses following branches for developing that conforms to Semantic
+Versioning 2.0.0 (refs: https://semver.org/ ).
+
+``master``
+    Development for MAJOR version.
+    All changes including incompatible behaviors and public API updates are
+    allowed.
+
+``A.x`` (ex. ``2.x``)
+    Where ``A.x`` is the ``MAJOR.MINOR`` release.  Used to maintain current
+    MINOR release. All changes are allowed if the change preserves
+    backwards-compatibility of API and features.
+
+    Only the most recent ``MAJOR.MINOR`` branch is currently retained. When a
+    new MAJOR version is released, the old ``MAJOR.MINOR`` branch will be
+    deleted and replaced by an equivalent tag.
+
+``A.B.x`` (ex. ``2.4.x``)
+    Where ``A.B.x`` is the ``MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH`` release.  Only
+    backwards-compatible bug fixes are allowed. In Sphinx project, PATCH
+    version is used for urgent bug fix.
+
+    ``MAJOR.MINOR.PATCH`` branch will be branched from the ``v`` prefixed
+    release tag (ex. make 2.3.1 that branched from v2.3.0) when a urgent
+    release is needed. When new PATCH version is released, the branch will be
+    deleted and replaced by an equivalent tag (ex. v2.3.1).
+
+
+Deprecating a feature
+---------------------
+
+There are a couple reasons that code in Sphinx might be deprecated:
+
+* If a feature has been improved or modified in a backwards-incompatible way,
+  the old feature or behavior will be deprecated.
+
+* Sometimes Sphinx will include a backport of a Python library that's not
+  included in a version of Python that Sphinx currently supports. When Sphinx
+  no longer needs to support the older version of Python that doesn't include
+  the library, the library will be deprecated in Sphinx.
+
+As the :ref:`deprecation-policy` describes, the first release of Sphinx that
+deprecates a feature (``A.B``) should raise a ``RemovedInSphinxXXWarning``
+(where ``XX`` is the Sphinx version where the feature will be removed) when the
+deprecated feature is invoked. Assuming we have good test coverage, these
+warnings are converted to errors when running the test suite with warnings
+enabled::
+
+    pytest -Wall
+
+Thus, when adding a ``RemovedInSphinxXXWarning`` you need to eliminate or
+silence any warnings generated when running the tests.
+
+
+.. _deprecation-policy:
+
+Deprecation policy
+------------------
+
+MAJOR and MINOR releases may deprecate certain features from previous
+releases. If a feature is deprecated in a release A.x, it will continue to
+work in all A.x.x versions (for all versions of x). It will continue to work
+in all B.x.x versions but raise deprecation warnings. Deprecated features
+will be removed at the C.0.0. It means the deprecated feature will work during
+2 MAJOR releases at least.
+
+So, for example, if we decided to start the deprecation of a function in
+Sphinx 2.x:
+
+* Sphinx 2.x will contain a backwards-compatible replica of the function
+  which will raise a ``RemovedInSphinx40Warning``.
+  This is a subclass of :exc:`python:PendingDeprecationWarning`, i.e. it
+  will not get displayed by default.
+
+* Sphinx 3.x will still contain the backwards-compatible replica, but
+  ``RemovedInSphinx40Warning`` will be a subclass of
+  :exc:`python:DeprecationWarning` then, and gets displayed by default.
+
+* Sphinx 4.0 will remove the feature outright.
+
+Deprecation warnings
+~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+Sphinx will enable its ``RemovedInNextVersionWarning`` warnings by default, if
+:envvar:`python:PYTHONWARNINGS` is not set.  Therefore you can disable them
+using:
+
+* ``PYTHONWARNINGS= make html`` (Linux/Mac)
+* ``export PYTHONWARNINGS=`` and do ``make html`` (Linux/Mac)
+* ``set PYTHONWARNINGS=`` and do ``make html`` (Windows)
+
+But you can also explicitly enable the pending ones using e.g.
+``PYTHONWARNINGS=default`` (see the :ref:`Python docs on configuring warnings
+<python:describing-warning-filters>`) for more details.
+
+Release procedures
+------------------
+
+The release procedures are listed in ``utils/release-checklist``.
diff --git a/doc/intro.rst b/doc/intro.rst
deleted file mode 100644
index 4fc35c08b..000000000
--- a/doc/intro.rst
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,71 +0,0 @@
-Introduction
-============
-
-This is the documentation for the Sphinx documentation builder.  Sphinx is a
-tool that translates a set of reStructuredText_ source files into various output
-formats, automatically producing cross-references, indices, etc.  That is, if
-you have a directory containing a bunch of reST-formatted documents (and
-possibly subdirectories of docs in there as well), Sphinx can generate a
-nicely-organized arrangement of HTML files (in some other directory) for easy
-browsing and navigation.  But from the same source, it can also generate a PDF
-file using LaTeX.
-
-The focus is on hand-written documentation, rather than auto-generated API docs.
-Though there is support for that kind of documentation as well (which is
-intended to be freely mixed with hand-written content), if you need pure API
-docs have a look at `Epydoc <http://epydoc.sourceforge.net/>`_, which also
-understands reST.
-
-For a great "introduction" to writing docs in general -- the whys and hows, see
-also `Write the docs`_, written by Eric Holscher.
-
-.. _rinohtype: https://github.com/brechtm/rinohtype
-.. _Write the docs: http://www.writethedocs.org/guide/writing/beginners-guide-to-docs/
-
-Conversion from other systems
------------------------------
-
-This section is intended to collect helpful hints for those wanting to migrate
-to reStructuredText/Sphinx from other documentation systems.
-
-* Gerard Flanagan has written a script to convert pure HTML to reST; it can be
-  found at the `Python Package Index <https://pypi.org/project/html2rest/>`_.
-
-* For converting the old Python docs to Sphinx, a converter was written which
-  can be found at `the Python SVN repository
-  <https://svn.python.org/projects/doctools/converter/>`_.  It contains generic
-  code to convert Python-doc-style LaTeX markup to Sphinx reST.
-
-* Marcin Wojdyr has written a script to convert Docbook to reST with Sphinx
-  markup; it is at `GitHub <https://github.com/wojdyr/db2rst>`_.
-
-* Christophe de Vienne wrote a tool to convert from Open/LibreOffice documents
-  to Sphinx: `odt2sphinx <https://pypi.org/project/odt2sphinx/>`_.
-
-* To convert different markups, `Pandoc <https://pandoc.org/>`_ is
-  a very helpful tool.
-
-
-Use with other systems
-----------------------
-
-See the :ref:`pertinent section in the FAQ list <usingwith>`.
-
-
-Prerequisites
--------------
-
-Sphinx needs at least **Python 3.6** to run.
-It also depends on 3rd party libraries such as docutils_ and jinja2_, but they
-are automatically installed when sphinx is installed.
-
-.. _reStructuredText: http://docutils.sourceforge.net/rst.html
-.. _docutils: http://docutils.sourceforge.net/
-.. _Jinja2: http://jinja.pocoo.org/
-
-
-Usage
------
-
-See :doc:`/usage/quickstart` for an introduction.  It also contains links to
-more advanced sections in this manual for the topics it discusses.
diff --git a/doc/latex.rst b/doc/latex.rst
index 59a785c1e..53fe9301a 100644
--- a/doc/latex.rst
+++ b/doc/latex.rst
@@ -1,7 +1,3 @@
-.. highlight:: python
-
-.. _latex:
-
 LaTeX customization
 ===================
 
@@ -26,24 +22,12 @@ LaTeX customization
          cautionBgColor={named}{LightCyan}}
    \relax
 
-The *latex* target does not benefit from prepared themes.
-
-The :ref:`latex-options`, and particularly among them the
-:ref:`latex_elements <latex_elements_confval>` variable
-provides much of the interface for customization.
-
-For some details of the LaTeX/PDF builder command line
-invocation, refer to :py:class:`~sphinx.builders.latex.LaTeXBuilder`.
-
-.. _latex-basic:
-
-Example
--------
+Unlike :ref:`the HTML builders <html-themes>`, the ``latex`` builder does not
+benefit from prepared themes. The :ref:`latex-options`, and particularly the
+:ref:`latex_elements <latex_elements_confval>` variable, provides much of the
+interface for customization. For example:
 
-Keep in mind that backslashes must be doubled in Python string literals to
-avoid interpretation as escape sequences, or use raw strings (as is done here).
-
-::
+.. code-block:: python
 
    # inside conf.py
    latex_engine = 'xelatex'
@@ -65,433 +49,487 @@ avoid interpretation as escape sequences, or use raw strings (as is done here).
    }
    latex_show_urls = 'footnote'
 
-.. highlight:: latex
+.. note::
+
+   Keep in mind that backslashes must be doubled in Python string literals to
+   avoid interpretation as escape sequences. Alternatively, you may use raw
+   strings as is done above.
 
 .. _latex_elements_confval:
 
-The latex_elements configuration setting
-----------------------------------------
+The ``latex_elements`` configuration setting
+--------------------------------------------
 
 A dictionary that contains LaTeX snippets overriding those Sphinx usually puts
 into the generated ``.tex`` files.  Its ``'sphinxsetup'`` key is described
 :ref:`separately <latexsphinxsetup>`.
 
-* Keys that you may want to override include:
-
-  ``'papersize'``
-     Paper size option of the document class (``'a4paper'`` or
-     ``'letterpaper'``), default ``'letterpaper'``.
-
-  ``'pointsize'``
-     Point size option of the document class (``'10pt'``, ``'11pt'`` or
-     ``'12pt'``), default ``'10pt'``.
-
-  ``'pxunit'``
-     the value of the ``px`` when used in image attributes ``width`` and
-     ``height``. The default value is ``'0.75bp'`` which achieves
-     ``96px=1in`` (in TeX ``1in = 72bp = 72.27pt``.) To obtain for
-     example ``100px=1in`` use ``'0.01in'`` or ``'0.7227pt'`` (the latter
-     leads to TeX computing a more precise value, due to the smaller unit
-     used in the specification); for ``72px=1in``, simply use ``'1bp'``; for
-     ``90px=1in``, use ``'0.8bp'`` or ``'0.803pt'``.
-
-     .. versionadded:: 1.5
-
-  ``'passoptionstopackages'``
-     A string which will be positioned early in the preamble, designed to
-     contain ``\\PassOptionsToPackage{options}{foo}`` commands. Default empty.
-
-     .. versionadded:: 1.4
-
-  ``'babel'``
-     "babel" package inclusion, default ``'\\usepackage{babel}'`` (the
-     suitable document language string is passed as class option, and
-     ``english`` is used if no language.) For Japanese documents, the
-     default is the empty string.
-
-     With XeLaTeX and LuaLaTeX, Sphinx configures the LaTeX document to use
-     `polyglossia`_, but one should be aware that current `babel`_ has
-     improved its support for Unicode engines in recent years and for some
-     languages it may make sense to prefer ``babel`` over ``polyglossia``.
-
-     .. hint::
-
-        After modifiying a core LaTeX key like this one, clean up the LaTeX
-        build repertory before next PDF build, else left-over auxiliary
-        files are likely to break the build.
-
-     .. _`polyglossia`: https://ctan.org/pkg/polyglossia
-     .. _`babel`: https://ctan.org/pkg/babel
-
-     .. versionchanged:: 1.5
-        For :confval:`latex_engine` set to ``'xelatex'``, the default
-        is ``'\\usepackage{polyglossia}\n\\setmainlanguage{<language>}'``.
-     .. versionchanged:: 1.6
-        ``'lualatex'`` uses same default setting as ``'xelatex'``
-     .. versionchanged:: 1.7.6
-        For French, ``xelatex`` and ``lualatex`` default to using
-        ``babel``, not ``polyglossia``.
-
-  ``'fontpkg'``
-     Font package inclusion, the default is ``'\\usepackage{times}'`` which
-     uses Times for text, Helvetica for sans serif and Courier for monospace.
-
-     .. versionchanged:: 1.2
-        Defaults to ``''`` when the :confval:`language` uses the Cyrillic
-        script.
-     .. versionchanged:: 2.0
-        Support for individual Greek and Cyrillic letters:
-
-        - In order to support occasional Cyrillic (физика частиц)
-          or Greek letters (Σωματιδιακή φυσική) in
-          a document whose language is English or a  Latin European
-          one, the default set-up is enhanced (only for ``'pdflatex'``
-          engine) to do:
+Keys that you may want to override include:
+
+``'papersize'``
+   Paper size option of the document class (``'a4paper'`` or
+   ``'letterpaper'``)
+
+   Default: ``'letterpaper'``
+
+``'pointsize'``
+   Point size option of the document class (``'10pt'``, ``'11pt'`` or
+   ``'12pt'``)
+
+   Default: ``'10pt'``
+
+``'pxunit'``
+   The value of the ``px`` when used in image attributes ``width`` and
+   ``height``. The default value is ``'0.75bp'`` which achieves
+   ``96px=1in`` (in TeX ``1in = 72bp = 72.27pt``.) To obtain for
+   example ``100px=1in`` use ``'0.01in'`` or ``'0.7227pt'`` (the latter
+   leads to TeX computing a more precise value, due to the smaller unit
+   used in the specification); for ``72px=1in``, simply use ``'1bp'``; for
+   ``90px=1in``, use ``'0.8bp'`` or ``'0.803pt'``.
+
+   Default: ``'0.75bp'``
+
+   .. versionadded:: 1.5
+
+``'passoptionstopackages'``
+   A string which will be positioned early in the preamble, designed to
+   contain ``\\PassOptionsToPackage{options}{foo}`` commands.
+
+   Default: ``''``
+
+   .. versionadded:: 1.4
+
+``'babel'``
+   "babel" package inclusion, default ``'\\usepackage{babel}'`` (the
+   suitable document language string is passed as class option, and
+   ``english`` is used if no language.) For Japanese documents, the
+   default is the empty string.
+
+   With XeLaTeX and LuaLaTeX, Sphinx configures the LaTeX document to use
+   `polyglossia`_, but one should be aware that current `babel`_ has
+   improved its support for Unicode engines in recent years and for some
+   languages it may make sense to prefer ``babel`` over ``polyglossia``.
+
+   .. _`polyglossia`: https://ctan.org/pkg/polyglossia
+   .. _`babel`: https://ctan.org/pkg/babel
+
+   .. hint::
+
+      After modifiying a core LaTeX key like this one, clean up the LaTeX
+      build repertory before next PDF build, else left-over auxiliary
+      files are likely to break the build.
+
+   Default:  ``'\\usepackage{babel}'`` (``''`` for Japanese documents)
+
+   .. versionchanged:: 1.5
+      For :confval:`latex_engine` set to ``'xelatex'``, the default
+      is ``'\\usepackage{polyglossia}\n\\setmainlanguage{<language>}'``.
+
+   .. versionchanged:: 1.6
+      ``'lualatex'`` uses same default setting as ``'xelatex'``
+
+   .. versionchanged:: 1.7.6
+      For French, ``xelatex`` and ``lualatex`` default to using
+      ``babel``, not ``polyglossia``.
+
+``'fontpkg'``
+   Font package inclusion. The default of ``'\\usepackage{times}'`` uses Times
+   for text, Helvetica for sans serif and Courier for monospace.
+
+   In order to support occasional Cyrillic (физика частиц) or Greek
+   letters (Σωματιδιακή φυσική) in a document whose language is
+   English or a Latin European one, the default set-up is enhanced (only for
+   ``'pdflatex'`` engine) to do:
+
+   .. code-block:: latex
+
+      \substitutefont{LGR}{\rmdefault}{cmr}
+      \substitutefont{LGR}{\sfdefault}{cmss}
+      \substitutefont{LGR}{\ttdefault}{cmtt}
+      \substitutefont{X2}{\rmdefault}{cmr}
+      \substitutefont{X2}{\sfdefault}{cmss}
+      \substitutefont{X2}{\ttdefault}{cmtt}
+
+   This is activated only under the condition that the ``'fontenc'`` key is
+   configured to load the ``LGR`` (Greek) and/or ``X2`` (Cyrillic)
+   pdflatex-font encodings (if the :confval:`language` is set to a Cyrillic
+   language, this ``'fontpkg'`` key must be used as "times" package has no
+   direct support for it; then keep only ``LGR`` lines from the above, if
+   support is needed for Greek in the text).
+
+   The ``\substitutefont`` command is from the eponymous LaTeX package, which
+   is loaded by Sphinx if needed (on Ubuntu Xenial it is part of
+   ``texlive-latex-extra`` which is a Sphinx requirement).
+
+   Only if the document actually does contain Unicode Greek letters (in text)
+   or Cyrillic letters, will the above default set-up cause additional
+   requirements for the PDF build. On Ubuntu Xenial, these are the
+   ``texlive-lang-greek``, ``texlive-lang-cyrillic``, and (with the above
+   choice of fonts) the ``cm-super`` (or ``cm-super-minimal``) packages.
+
+   For ``'xelatex'`` and ``'lualatex'``, the default is to use the FreeFont
+   family: this OpenType font family supports both Cyrillic and Greek scripts
+   and is available as separate Ubuntu Xenial package ``fonts-freefont-otf``.
+   It is not necessary to install the much larger ``texlive-fonts-extra``
+   package.
+
+   ``'platex'`` (Japanese documents) engine supports individual Cyrillic and
+   Greek letters with no need of extra user set-up.
+
+   Default: ``'\\usepackage{times}'`` (or ``''`` when using a Cyrillic script)
+
+   .. versionchanged:: 1.2
+      Defaults to ``''`` when the :confval:`language` uses the Cyrillic
+      script.
+
+   .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+      Added support for individual Greek and Cyrillic letters:
+
+``'fncychap'``
+   Inclusion of the "fncychap" package (which makes fancy chapter titles),
+   default ``'\\usepackage[Bjarne]{fncychap}'`` for English documentation
+   (this option is slightly customized by Sphinx),
+   ``'\\usepackage[Sonny]{fncychap}'`` for internationalized docs (because
+   the "Bjarne" style uses numbers spelled out in English).  Other
+   "fncychap" styles you can try are "Lenny", "Glenn", "Conny", "Rejne" and
+   "Bjornstrup".  You can also set this to ``''`` to disable fncychap.
+
+   Default: ``'\\usepackage[Bjarne]{fncychap}'`` for English documents,
+       ``'\\usepackage[Sonny]{fncychap}'`` for internationalized documents, and
+       ``''`` for Japanese documents.
+
+``'preamble'``
+   Additional preamble content.  One may move all needed macros into some file
+   :file:`mystyle.tex.txt` of the project source repertory, and get LaTeX to
+   import it at run time::
+
+     'preamble': r'\input{mystyle.tex.txt}',
+     # or, if the \ProvidesPackage LaTeX macro is used in a file mystyle.sty
+     'preamble': r'\usepackage{mystyle}',
+
+   It is then needed to set appropriately :confval:`latex_additional_files`,
+   for example:
+
+   .. code-block:: python
+
+      latex_additional_files = ["mystyle.sty"]
+
+   Default: ``''``
+
+``'figure_align'``
+   Latex figure float alignment. Whenever an image doesn't fit into the current
+   page, it will be 'floated' into the next page but may be preceded by any
+   other text.  If you don't like this behavior, use 'H' which will disable
+   floating and position figures strictly in the order they appear in the
+   source.
+
+   Default: ``'htbp'`` (here, top, bottom, page)
+
+   .. versionadded:: 1.3
+
+``'atendofbody'``
+   Additional document content (right before the indices).
+
+   Default: ``''``
+
+   .. versionadded:: 1.5
+
+``'extrapackages'``
+   Additional LaTeX packages.  For example:
+
+   .. code-block:: python
+
+       latex_elements = {
+           'packages': r'\usepackage{isodate}'
+       }
+
+   The specified LaTeX packages will be loaded before
+   hyperref package and packages loaded from Sphinx extensions.
+
+   .. hint::
+      If you'd like to load additional LaTeX packages after hyperref, use
+      ``'preamble'`` key instead.
+
+   Default: ``''``
+
+   .. versionadded:: 2.3
+
+``'footer'``
+   Additional footer content (before the indices).
+
+   Default: ``''``
+
+   .. deprecated:: 1.5
+      Use ``'atendofbody'`` key instead.
+
+Keys that don't need to be overridden unless in special cases are:
+
+``'extraclassoptions'``
+   The default is the empty string. Example: ``'extraclassoptions':
+   'openany'`` will allow chapters (for documents of the ``'manual'``
+   type) to start on any page.
+
+   Default: ``''``
+
+   .. versionadded:: 1.2
+
+   .. versionchanged:: 1.6
+      Added this documentation.
+
+``'maxlistdepth'``
+   LaTeX allows by default at most 6 levels for nesting list and
+   quote-like environments, with at most 4 enumerated lists, and 4 bullet
+   lists. Setting this key for example to ``'10'`` (as a string) will
+   allow up to 10 nested levels (of all sorts). Leaving it to the empty
+   string means to obey the LaTeX default.
+
+   .. warning::
+
+      - Using this key may prove incompatible with some LaTeX packages
+        or special document classes which do their own list customization.
+
+      - The key setting is silently *ignored* if ``\usepackage{enumitem}``
+        is executed inside the document preamble. Use then rather the
+        dedicated commands of this LaTeX package.
+
+   Default: ``6``
+
+   .. versionadded:: 1.5
+
+``'inputenc'``
+   "inputenc" package inclusion.
+
+   Default: ``'\\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}'`` when using pdflatex, else
+       ``''``
+
+   .. versionchanged:: 1.4.3
+      Previously ``'\\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}'`` was used for all
+      compilers.
+
+``'cmappkg'``
+   "cmap" package inclusion.
+
+   Default: ``'\\usepackage{cmap}'``
+
+   .. versionadded:: 1.2
 
-          .. code-block:: latex
+``'fontenc'``
+   "fontenc" package inclusion.
 
-             \substitutefont{LGR}{\rmdefault}{cmr}
-             \substitutefont{LGR}{\sfdefault}{cmss}
-             \substitutefont{LGR}{\ttdefault}{cmtt}
-             \substitutefont{X2}{\rmdefault}{cmr}
-             \substitutefont{X2}{\sfdefault}{cmss}
-             \substitutefont{X2}{\ttdefault}{cmtt}
+   If ``'pdflatex'`` is the :confval:`latex_engine`, one can add ``LGR``
+   for support of Greek letters in the document, and also ``X2`` (or
+   ``T2A``) for Cyrillic letters, like this:
 
-          but this is activated only under the condition that the
-          ``'fontenc'`` key is configured to load the ``LGR`` (Greek)
-          and/or ``X2`` (Cyrillic) pdflatex-font encodings (if the
-          :confval:`language` is set to a Cyrillic language, this
-          ``'fontpkg'`` key must be used as "times" package has no direct
-          support for it; then keep only ``LGR`` lines from the above,
-          if support is needed for Greek in the text).
+   .. code-block:: latex
 
-          The ``\substitutefont`` command is from the eponymous LaTeX
-          package, which is loaded by Sphinx if needed (on Ubuntu xenial it
-          is part of ``texlive-latex-extra`` which is a Sphinx
-          requirement).
+      r'\usepackage[LGR,X2,T1]{fontenc}'
 
-          Only if the document actually does contain Unicode Greek letters
-          (in text) or Cyrillic letters, will the above default set-up
-          cause additional requirements for the PDF build.  On Ubuntu
-          xenial, ``texlive-lang-greek``, ``texlive-lang-cyrillic``, and
-          (with the above choice of fonts) the ``cm-super`` (or
-          ``cm-super-minimal``) package.
-
-        - For ``'xelatex'`` and ``'lualatex'``, the default is to
-          use the FreeFont family:  this OpenType font family
-          supports both Cyrillic and Greek scripts and is available as
-          separate Ubuntu xenial package ``fonts-freefont-otf``, it is not
-          needed to install the big package ``texlive-fonts-extra``.
-
-        - ``'platex'`` (Japanese documents) engine supports individual
-          Cyrillic and Greek letters with no need of extra user set-up.
+   .. attention::
 
-  ``'fncychap'``
-     Inclusion of the "fncychap" package (which makes fancy chapter titles),
-     default ``'\\usepackage[Bjarne]{fncychap}'`` for English documentation
-     (this option is slightly customized by Sphinx),
-     ``'\\usepackage[Sonny]{fncychap}'`` for internationalized docs (because
-     the "Bjarne" style uses numbers spelled out in English).  Other
-     "fncychap" styles you can try are "Lenny", "Glenn", "Conny", "Rejne" and
-     "Bjornstrup".  You can also set this to ``''`` to disable fncychap.
+      If Greek is main language, do not use this key.  Since Sphinx 2.2.1,
+      ``xelatex`` will be used automatically as :confval:`latex_engine`.
+      Formerly, Sphinx did not support producing PDF via LaTeX with Greek as
+      main language.
 
-     The default is ``''`` for Japanese documents.
+      Prior to 2.0, Unicode Greek letters were escaped to use LaTeX math
+      mark-up.  This is not the case anymore, and the above must be used
+      (only in case of ``'pdflatex'`` engine) if the source contains such
+      Unicode Greek.
 
-  ``'preamble'``
-     Additional preamble content, default empty.  One may move all needed
-     macros into some file :file:`mystyle.tex.txt` of the project source
-     repertory, and get LaTeX to import it at run time::
+      On Ubuntu xenial, packages ``texlive-lang-greek`` and ``cm-super``
+      (for the latter, only if the ``'fontpkg'`` setting is left to its
+      default) are needed for ``LGR`` to work.  In place of ``cm-super``
+      one can install smaller ``cm-super-minimal``, but it requires the
+      LaTeX document to execute ``\usepackage[10pt]{type1ec}`` before
+      loading ``fontenc``.  Thus, use this key with this extra at its
+      start if needed.
 
-       'preamble': r'\input{mystyle.tex.txt}',
-       # or, if the \ProvidesPackage LaTeX macro is used in a file mystyle.sty
-       'preamble': r'\usepackage{mystyle}',
+   Default: ``'\\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}'``
 
-     It is then needed to set appropriately
-     :confval:`latex_additional_files`, for example::
+   .. versionchanged:: 1.5
+      Defaults to ``'\\usepackage{fontspec}'`` when
+      :confval:`latex_engine` is ``'xelatex'``.
 
-        latex_additional_files = ["mystyle.sty"]
+   .. versionchanged:: 1.6
+      ``'lualatex'`` uses ``fontspec`` per default like ``'xelatex'``.
 
+   .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+      ``'lualatex'`` executes
+      ``\defaultfontfeatures[\rmfamily,\sffamily]{}`` to disable TeX
+      ligatures transforming `<<` and `>>` as escaping working with
+      ``pdflatex/xelatex`` failed with ``lualatex``.
 
-  ``'figure_align'``
-     Latex figure float alignment, default 'htbp' (here, top, bottom, page).
-     Whenever an image doesn't fit into the current page, it will be
-     'floated' into the next page but may be preceded by any other text.
-     If you don't like this behavior, use 'H' which will disable floating
-     and position figures strictly in the order they appear in the source.
+   .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+      Detection of ``LGR``, ``T2A``, ``X2`` to trigger support of
+      occasional Greek or Cyrillic (``'pdflatex'`` only, as this support
+      is provided natively by ``'platex'`` and only requires suitable
+      font with ``'xelatex'/'lualatex'``).
 
-     .. versionadded:: 1.3
+   .. versionchanged:: 2.3.0
+      ``'xelatex'`` also executes
+      ``\defaultfontfeatures[\rmfamily,\sffamily]{}`` in order to avoid
+      contractions of ``--`` into en-dash or transforms of straight quotes
+      into curly ones in PDF (in non-literal text paragraphs) despite
+      :confval:`smartquotes` being set to ``False``.
 
-  ``'atendofbody'``
-     Additional document content (right before the indices), default empty.
+``'textgreek'``
+   This is needed for ``pdflatex`` to support Unicode input of Greek
+   letters such as φύσις.  Expert users may want to load the ``textalpha``
+   package with its option ``normalize-symbols``.
 
-     .. versionadded:: 1.5
+   .. hint::
 
-  ``'extrapackages'``
-     Additional LaTeX packages.  For example:
+      Unicode Greek (but no further Unicode symbols) in :rst:dir:`math`
+      can be supported by ``'pdflatex'`` from setting this key to
+      ``r'\usepackage{textalpha,alphabeta}'``.  Then ``:math:`α``` (U+03B1)
+      will render as :math:`\alpha`.  For wider Unicode support in math
+      input, see the discussion of :confval:`latex_engine`.
 
-     .. code-block:: python
+   With ``'platex'`` (Japanese),  ``'xelatex'`` or ``'lualatex'``, this
+   key is ignored.
 
-         latex_elements = {
-             'packages': r'\usepackage{isodate}'
-         }
+   Default: ``'\\usepackage{textalpha}'`` or ``''`` if ``fontenc`` does not
+       include the ``LGR`` option.
 
-     It defaults to empty.
-
-     The specified LaTeX packages will be loaded before
-     hyperref package and packages loaded from Sphinx extensions.
-
-     .. hint:: If you'd like to load additional LaTeX packages after hyperref, use
-               ``'preamble'`` key instead.
-
-     .. versionadded:: 2.3
-
-  ``'footer'``
-     Additional footer content (before the indices), default empty.
-
-     .. deprecated:: 1.5
-        Use ``'atendofbody'`` key instead.
-
-* Keys that don't need to be overridden unless in special cases are:
-
-  ``'extraclassoptions'``
-     The default is the empty string. Example: ``'extraclassoptions':
-     'openany'`` will allow chapters (for documents of the ``'manual'``
-     type) to start on any page.
-
-     .. versionadded:: 1.2
-     .. versionchanged:: 1.6
-        Added this documentation.
-
-  ``'maxlistdepth'``
-     LaTeX allows by default at most 6 levels for nesting list and
-     quote-like environments, with at most 4 enumerated lists, and 4 bullet
-     lists. Setting this key for example to ``'10'`` (as a string) will
-     allow up to 10 nested levels (of all sorts). Leaving it to the empty
-     string means to obey the LaTeX default.
+   .. versionadded:: 2.0
 
-     .. warning::
-
-        - Using this key may prove incompatible with some LaTeX packages
-          or special document classes which do their own list customization.
+``'geometry'``
+   "geometry" package inclusion, the default definition is:
 
-        - The key setting is silently *ignored* if ``\usepackage{enumitem}``
-          is executed inside the document preamble. Use then rather the
-          dedicated commands of this LaTeX package.
+     ``'\\usepackage{geometry}'``
 
-     .. versionadded:: 1.5
+   with an additional ``[dvipdfm]`` for Japanese documents.
+   The Sphinx LaTeX style file executes:
 
-  ``'inputenc'``
-     "inputenc" package inclusion, defaults to
-     ``'\\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}'`` when using pdflatex.
-     Otherwise empty.
+     ``\PassOptionsToPackage{hmargin=1in,vmargin=1in,marginpar=0.5in}{geometry}``
 
-     .. versionchanged:: 1.4.3
-        Previously ``'\\usepackage[utf8]{inputenc}'`` was used for all
-        compilers.
+   which can be customized via corresponding :ref:`'sphinxsetup' options
+   <latexsphinxsetup>`.
 
-  ``'cmappkg'``
-     "cmap" package inclusion, default ``'\\usepackage{cmap}'``.
+   Default: ``'\\usepackage{geometry}'`` (or
+       ``'\\usepackage[dvipdfm]{geometry}'`` for Japanese documents)
 
-     .. versionadded:: 1.2
+   .. versionadded:: 1.5
+
+   .. versionchanged:: 1.5.2
+      ``dvipdfm`` option if :confval:`latex_engine` is ``'platex'``.
+
+   .. versionadded:: 1.5.3
+      The :ref:`'sphinxsetup' keys for the margins
+      <latexsphinxsetuphmargin>`.
+
+   .. versionchanged:: 1.5.3
+      The location in the LaTeX file has been moved to after
+      ``\usepackage{sphinx}`` and ``\sphinxsetup{..}``, hence also after
+      insertion of ``'fontpkg'`` key. This is in order to handle the paper
+      layout options in a special way for Japanese documents: the text
+      width will be set to an integer multiple of the *zenkaku* width, and
+      the text height to an integer multiple of the baseline. See the
+      :ref:`hmargin <latexsphinxsetuphmargin>` documentation for more.
+
+``'hyperref'``
+   "hyperref" package inclusion; also loads package "hypcap" and issues
+   ``\urlstyle{same}``. This is done after :file:`sphinx.sty` file is
+   loaded and before executing the contents of ``'preamble'`` key.
+
+   .. attention::
+
+      Loading of packages "hyperref" and "hypcap" is mandatory.
+
+   .. versionadded:: 1.5
+      Previously this was done from inside :file:`sphinx.sty`.
+
+``'maketitle'``
+   "maketitle" call. Override if you want to generate a differently styled
+   title page.
+
+   .. hint::
+
+      If the key value is set to
+      ``r'\newcommand\sphinxbackoftitlepage{<Extra
+      material>}\sphinxmaketitle'``, then ``<Extra material>`` will be
+      typeset on back of title page (``'manual'`` docclass only).
+
+   Default: ``'\\sphinxmaketitle'``
+
+   .. versionchanged:: 1.8.3
+      Original ``\maketitle`` from document class is not overwritten,
+      hence is re-usable as part of some custom setting for this key.
+
+   .. versionadded:: 1.8.3
+      ``\sphinxbackoftitlepage`` optional macro.  It can also be defined
+      inside ``'preamble'`` key rather than this one.
+
+``'releasename'``
+   Value that prefixes ``'release'`` element on title page.  As for *title* and
+   *author* used in the tuples of :confval:`latex_documents`, it is inserted as
+   LaTeX markup.
+
+   Default: ``'Release'``
+
+``'tableofcontents'``
+   "tableofcontents" call. The default of ``'\\sphinxtableofcontents'`` is a
+   wrapper of unmodified ``\tableofcontents``, which may itself be customized
+   by user loaded packages. Override if you want to generate a different table
+   of contents or put content between the title page and the TOC.
+
+   Default: ``'\\sphinxtableofcontents'``
+
+   .. versionchanged:: 1.5
+      Previously the meaning of ``\tableofcontents`` itself was modified
+      by Sphinx. This created an incompatibility with dedicated packages
+      modifying it also such as "tocloft" or "etoc".
+
+``'transition'``
+   Commands used to display transitions. Override if you want to display
+   transitions differently.
 
-  ``'fontenc'``
-     "fontenc" package inclusion, defaults to
-     ``'\\usepackage[T1]{fontenc}'``.
+   Default: ``'\n\n\\bigskip\\hrule\\bigskip\n\n'``
 
-     If ``'pdflatex'`` is the :confval:`latex_engine`, one can add ``LGR``
-     for support of Greek letters in the document, and also ``X2`` (or
-     ``T2A``) for Cyrillic letters, like this:
+   .. versionadded:: 1.2
 
-     .. code-block:: latex
+   .. versionchanged:: 1.6
+      Remove unneeded ``{}`` after ``\\hrule``.
 
-        r'\usepackage[LGR,X2,T1]{fontenc}'
+``'printindex'``
+   "printindex" call, the last thing in the file. Override if you want to
+   generate the index differently or append some content after the index. For
+   example ``'\\footnotesize\\raggedright\\printindex'`` is advisable when the
+   index is full of long entries.
 
-     .. attention::
+   Default: ``'\\printindex'``
 
-        If Greek is main language, do not use this key.  Since Sphinx 2.2.1,
-        ``xelatex`` will be used automatically as :confval:`latex_engine`.
-        Formerly, Sphinx did not support producing PDF via LaTeX with Greek as
-        main language.
+``'fvset'``
+   Customization of ``fancyvrb`` LaTeX package. The default value of
+   ``'\\fvset{fontsize=\\small}'`` is used to adjust for the large character
+   width of the monospace font, used in code-blocks.  You may need to modify
+   this if you use custom fonts.
 
-        Prior to 2.0, Unicode Greek letters were escaped to use LaTeX math
-        mark-up.  This is not the case anymore, and the above must be used
-        (only in case of ``'pdflatex'`` engine) if the source contains such
-        Unicode Greek.
+   Default: ``'\\fvset{fontsize=\\small}'``
 
-        On Ubuntu xenial, packages ``texlive-lang-greek`` and ``cm-super``
-        (for the latter, only if the ``'fontpkg'`` setting is left to its
-        default) are needed for ``LGR`` to work.  In place of ``cm-super``
-        one can install smaller ``cm-super-minimal``, but it requires the
-        LaTeX document to execute ``\usepackage[10pt]{type1ec}`` before
-        loading ``fontenc``.  Thus, use this key with this extra at its
-        start if needed.
+   .. versionadded:: 1.8
 
-     .. versionchanged:: 1.5
-        Defaults to ``'\\usepackage{fontspec}'`` when
-        :confval:`latex_engine` is ``'xelatex'``.
-     .. versionchanged:: 1.6
-        ``'lualatex'`` uses ``fontspec`` per default like ``'xelatex'``.
-     .. versionchanged:: 2.0
-        ``'lualatex'`` executes
-        ``\defaultfontfeatures[\rmfamily,\sffamily]{}`` to disable TeX
-        ligatures transforming `<<` and `>>` as escaping working with
-        ``pdflatex/xelatex`` failed with ``lualatex``.
-     .. versionchanged:: 2.0
-        Detection of ``LGR``, ``T2A``, ``X2`` to trigger support of
-        occasional Greek or Cyrillic (``'pdflatex'`` only, as this support
-        is provided natively by ``'platex'`` and only requires suitable
-        font with ``'xelatex'/'lualatex'``).
-     .. versionchanged:: 2.3.0
-        ``'xelatex'`` also executes
-        ``\defaultfontfeatures[\rmfamily,\sffamily]{}`` in order to avoid
-        contractions of ``--`` into en-dash or transforms of straight quotes
-        into curly ones in PDF (in non-literal text paragraphs) despite
-        :confval:`smartquotes` being set to ``False``.
-
-  ``'textgreek'``
-     The default (``'pdflatex'`` only) is
-     ``'\\usepackage{textalpha}'``, but only if ``'fontenc'`` was
-     modified by user to include ``LGR`` option.  If not, the key
-     value will be forced to be the empty string.
-
-     This is needed for ``pdfLaTeX`` to support Unicode input of Greek
-     letters such as φύσις.  Expert users may want to load the ``textalpha``
-     package with its option ``normalize-symbols``.
-
-     .. hint::
-
-        Unicode Greek (but no further Unicode symbols) in :rst:dir:`math`
-        can be supported by ``'pdflatex'`` from setting this key to
-        ``r'\usepackage{textalpha,alphabeta}'``.  Then ``:math:`α``` (U+03B1)
-        will render as :math:`\alpha`.  For wider Unicode support in math
-        input, see the discussion of :confval:`latex_engine`.
-
-     With ``'platex'`` (Japanese),  ``'xelatex'`` or ``'lualatex'``, this
-     key is ignored.
-
-     .. versionadded:: 2.0
-  ``'geometry'``
-     "geometry" package inclusion, the default definition is:
-
-       ``'\\usepackage{geometry}'``
-
-     with an additional ``[dvipdfm]`` for Japanese documents.
-     The Sphinx LaTeX style file executes:
-
-       ``\PassOptionsToPackage{hmargin=1in,vmargin=1in,marginpar=0.5in}{geometry}``
-
-     which can be customized via corresponding :ref:`'sphinxsetup' options
-     <latexsphinxsetup>`.
-
-     .. versionadded:: 1.5
-
-     .. versionchanged:: 1.5.2
-        ``dvipdfm`` option if :confval:`latex_engine` is ``'platex'``.
-
-     .. versionadded:: 1.5.3
-        The :ref:`'sphinxsetup' keys for the margins
-        <latexsphinxsetuphmargin>`.
-
-     .. versionchanged:: 1.5.3
-        The location in the LaTeX file has been moved to after
-        ``\usepackage{sphinx}`` and ``\sphinxsetup{..}``, hence also after
-        insertion of ``'fontpkg'`` key. This is in order to handle the paper
-        layout options in a special way for Japanese documents: the text
-        width will be set to an integer multiple of the *zenkaku* width, and
-        the text height to an integer multiple of the baseline. See the
-        :ref:`hmargin <latexsphinxsetuphmargin>` documentation for more.
-
-  ``'hyperref'``
-     "hyperref" package inclusion; also loads package "hypcap" and issues
-     ``\urlstyle{same}``. This is done after :file:`sphinx.sty` file is
-     loaded and before executing the contents of ``'preamble'`` key.
-
-     .. attention::
-
-        Loading of packages "hyperref" and "hypcap" is mandatory.
-
-     .. versionadded:: 1.5
-        Previously this was done from inside :file:`sphinx.sty`.
-
-  ``'maketitle'``
-     "maketitle" call, default ``'\\sphinxmaketitle'``. Override
-     if you want to generate a differently styled title page.
-
-     .. hint::
-
-        If the key value is set to
-        ``r'\newcommand\sphinxbackoftitlepage{<Extra
-        material>}\sphinxmaketitle'``, then ``<Extra material>`` will be
-        typeset on back of title page (``'manual'`` docclass only).
-
-     .. versionchanged:: 1.8.3
-        Original ``\maketitle`` from document class is not overwritten,
-        hence is re-usable as part of some custom setting for this key.
-     .. versionadded:: 1.8.3
-        ``\sphinxbackoftitlepage`` optional macro.  It can also be defined
-        inside ``'preamble'`` key rather than this one.
-
-  ``'releasename'``
-     value that prefixes ``'release'`` element on title page, default
-     ``'Release'``. As for *title* and *author* used in the tuples of
-     :confval:`latex_documents`, it is inserted as LaTeX markup.
-
-  ``'tableofcontents'``
-     "tableofcontents" call, default ``'\\sphinxtableofcontents'`` (it is a
-     wrapper of unmodified ``\tableofcontents``, which may itself be
-     customized by user loaded packages.)
-     Override if
-     you want to generate a different table of contents or put content
-     between the title page and the TOC.
-
-     .. versionchanged:: 1.5
-        Previously the meaning of ``\tableofcontents`` itself was modified
-        by Sphinx. This created an incompatibility with dedicated packages
-        modifying it also such as "tocloft" or "etoc".
-
-  ``'transition'``
-     Commands used to display transitions, default
-     ``'\n\n\\bigskip\\hrule\\bigskip\n\n'``.  Override if you want to
-     display transitions differently.
+   .. versionchanged:: 2.0
+      Due to new default font choice for ``'xelatex'`` and ``'lualatex'``
+      (FreeFont), Sphinx does ``\\fvset{fontsize=\\small}`` also with these
+      engines (and not ``\\fvset{fontsize=auto}``).
 
-     .. versionadded:: 1.2
-     .. versionchanged:: 1.6
-        Remove unneeded ``{}`` after ``\\hrule``.
+Keys that are set by other options and therefore should not be overridden are:
 
-  ``'printindex'``
-     "printindex" call, the last thing in the file, default
-     ``'\\printindex'``.  Override if you want to generate the index
-     differently or append some content after the index. For example
-     ``'\\footnotesize\\raggedright\\printindex'`` is advisable when the
-     index is full of long entries.
-
-  ``'fvset'``
-     Customization of ``fancyvrb`` LaTeX package.  Sphinx does by default
-     ``'fvset': '\\fvset{fontsize=\\small}'``, to adjust for the large
-     character width of the monospace font, used in code-blocks.
-     You may need to modify this if you use custom fonts.
-
-     .. versionadded:: 1.8
-     .. versionchanged:: 2.0
-        Due to new default font choice for ``'xelatex'`` and ``'lualatex'``
-        (FreeFont), Sphinx does ``\\fvset{fontsize=\\small}`` also with these
-        engines (and not ``\\fvset{fontsize=auto}``).
-
-* Keys that are set by other options and therefore should not be overridden
-  are:
-
-  ``'docclass'``
-  ``'classoptions'``
-  ``'title'``
-  ``'release'``
-  ``'author'``
-  ``'makeindex'``
+``'docclass'``
+``'classoptions'``
+``'title'``
+``'release'``
+``'author'``
+``'makeindex'``
 
 
 .. _latexsphinxsetup:
 
-\\'sphinxsetup\\' key
----------------------
+The ``sphinxsetup`` configuration setting
+-----------------------------------------
+
+.. versionadded:: 1.5
 
 The ``'sphinxsetup'`` key of :ref:`latex_elements <latex_elements_confval>`
 provides a LaTeX-type customization interface::
@@ -506,46 +544,40 @@ It defaults to empty.  If non-empty, it will be passed as argument to the
    \usepackage{sphinx}
    \sphinxsetup{key1=value1, key2=value2,...}
 
-.. versionadded:: 1.5
-
-.. hint::
-
-   It is possible to insert further uses of the ``\sphinxsetup`` LaTeX macro
-   directly into the body of the document, via the help of the :rst:dir:`raw`
-   directive.  Here is how this present chapter is styled in the PDF output::
+The colors used in the above are provided by the ``svgnames`` option of the
+"xcolor" package::
 
-     .. raw:: latex
-
-        \begingroup
-        \sphinxsetup{%
-              verbatimwithframe=false,
-              VerbatimColor={named}{OldLace},
-              TitleColor={named}{DarkGoldenrod},
-              hintBorderColor={named}{LightCoral},
-              attentionborder=3pt,
-              attentionBorderColor={named}{Crimson},
-              attentionBgColor={named}{FloralWhite},
-              noteborder=2pt,
-              noteBorderColor={named}{Olive},
-              cautionborder=3pt,
-              cautionBorderColor={named}{Cyan},
-              cautionBgColor={named}{LightCyan}}
-
-   at the start of the chapter and::
+   latex_elements = {
+       'passoptionstopackages': r'\PassOptionsToPackage{svgnames}{xcolor}',
+   }
 
-     .. raw:: latex
+It is possible to insert further uses of the ``\sphinxsetup`` LaTeX macro
+directly into the body of the document, via the help of the :rst:dir:`raw`
+directive. This chapter is styled in the PDF output using the following at the
+start of the chaper::
 
-        \endgroup
+  .. raw:: latex
 
-   at its end.
+     \begingroup
+     \sphinxsetup{%
+           verbatimwithframe=false,
+           VerbatimColor={named}{OldLace},
+           TitleColor={named}{DarkGoldenrod},
+           hintBorderColor={named}{LightCoral},
+           attentionborder=3pt,
+           attentionBorderColor={named}{Crimson},
+           attentionBgColor={named}{FloralWhite},
+           noteborder=2pt,
+           noteBorderColor={named}{Olive},
+           cautionborder=3pt,
+           cautionBorderColor={named}{Cyan},
+           cautionBgColor={named}{LightCyan}}
 
-   The colors used in the above are provided by the ``svgnames`` option of the
-   "xcolor" package::
+The below is included at the end of the chapter::
 
-      latex_elements = {
-          'passoptionstopackages': r'\PassOptionsToPackage{svgnames}{xcolor}',
-      }
+  .. raw:: latex
 
+     \endgroup
 
 LaTeX boolean keys require *lowercase* ``true`` or ``false`` values.
 Spaces around the commas and equal signs are ignored, spaces inside LaTeX
@@ -555,9 +587,8 @@ macros may be significant.
 
 ``hmargin, vmargin``
     The dimensions of the horizontal (resp. vertical) margins, passed as
-    ``hmargin`` (resp. ``vmargin``) option to
-    the ``geometry`` package. The default is ``1in``, which is equivalent to
-    ``{1in,1in}``. Example::
+    ``hmargin`` (resp. ``vmargin``) option to the ``geometry`` package.
+    Example::
 
       'sphinxsetup': 'hmargin={2in,1.5in}, vmargin={1.5in,2in}, marginpar=1in',
 
@@ -567,6 +598,8 @@ macros may be significant.
     the text height set to an integer multiple of the baselineskip, with the
     closest fit for the margins.
 
+    Default: ``1in`` (equivalent to ``{1in,1in}``)
+
     .. hint::
 
        For Japanese ``'manual'`` docclass with pointsize ``11pt`` or ``12pt``,
@@ -579,55 +612,68 @@ macros may be significant.
     .. versionadded:: 1.5.3
 
 ``marginpar``
-    The ``\marginparwidth`` LaTeX dimension, defaults to ``0.5in``. For Japanese
-    documents, the value is modified to be the closest integer multiple of the
-    *zenkaku* width.
+    The ``\marginparwidth`` LaTeX dimension. For Japanese documents, the value
+    is modified to be the closest integer multiple of the *zenkaku* width.
+
+    Default: ``0.5in``
 
     .. versionadded:: 1.5.3
 
 ``verbatimwithframe``
-    default ``true``. Boolean to specify if :rst:dir:`code-block`\ s and literal
-    includes are framed. Setting it to ``false`` does not deactivate use of
-    package "framed", because it is still in use for the optional background
-    colour.
+    Boolean to specify if :rst:dir:`code-block`\ s and literal includes are
+    framed. Setting it to ``false`` does not deactivate use of package
+    "framed", because it is still in use for the optional background colour.
+
+    Default: ``true``.
 
 ``verbatimwrapslines``
-    default ``true``. Tells whether long lines in :rst:dir:`code-block`\ 's
-    contents should wrap.
+    Boolean to specify if long lines in :rst:dir:`code-block`\ 's contents are
+    wrapped.
+
+    Default: ``true``
 
 ``literalblockcappos``
-    default ``t`` for "top". Decides the caption position. Alternative is
-    ``b`` ("bottom").
+    Decides the caption position: either ``b`` ("bottom") or ``t`` ("top").
+
+    Default: ``t``
 
     .. versionadded:: 1.7
 
 ``verbatimhintsturnover``
-    default ``true``. If ``true``, code-blocks display "continued on next
-    page", "continued from previous page" hints in case of pagebreaks.
+    Boolean to specify if code-blocks display "continued on next page" and
+    "continued from previous page" hints in case of pagebreaks.
+
+    Default: ``true``
 
     .. versionadded:: 1.6.3
     .. versionchanged:: 1.7
        the default changed from ``false`` to ``true``.
 
 ``verbatimcontinuedalign``, ``verbatimcontinuesalign``
-    default ``r``. Horizontal position relative to the framed contents:
-    either ``l`` (left aligned), ``r`` (right aligned) or ``c`` (centered).
+    Horizontal position relative to the framed contents: either ``l`` (left
+    aligned), ``r`` (right aligned) or ``c`` (centered).
+
+    Default: ``r``
 
     .. versionadded:: 1.7
 
 ``parsedliteralwraps``
-    default ``true``. Tells whether long lines in :dudir:`parsed-literal`\ 's
-    contents should wrap.
+    Boolean to specify if long lines in :dudir:`parsed-literal`\ 's contents
+    should wrap.
+
+    Default: ``true``
 
     .. versionadded:: 1.5.2
        set this option value to ``false`` to recover former behaviour.
 
 ``inlineliteralwraps``
-    default ``true``. Allows linebreaks inside inline literals: but extra
-    potential break-points (additionally to those allowed by LaTeX at spaces
-    or for hyphenation) are currently inserted only after the characters
+    Boolean to specify if line breaks are allowed inside inline literals: but
+    extra potential break-points (additionally to those allowed by LaTeX at
+    spaces or for hyphenation) are currently inserted only after the characters
     ``. , ; ? ! /`` and ``\``. Due to TeX internals, white space in the line
-    will be stretched (or shrunk) in order to accomodate the linebreak.
+    will be stretched (or shrunk) in order to accommodate the linebreak.
+
+    Default: ``true``
 
     .. versionadded:: 1.5
        set this option value to ``false`` to recover former behaviour.
@@ -636,9 +682,10 @@ macros may be significant.
        added potential breakpoint at ``\`` characters.
 
 ``verbatimvisiblespace``
-    default ``\textcolor{red}{\textvisiblespace}``. When a long code line is
-    split, the last space character from the source code line right before the
-    linebreak location is typeset using this.
+    When a long code line is split, the last space character from the source
+    code line right before the linebreak location is typeset using this.
+
+    Default: ``\textcolor{red}{\textvisiblespace}``
 
 ``verbatimcontinued``
     A LaTeX macro inserted at start of continuation code lines. Its
@@ -652,8 +699,9 @@ macros may be significant.
        various font sizes (e.g. code-blocks can be in footnotes).
 
 ``TitleColor``
-    default ``{rgb}{0.126,0.263,0.361}``. The colour for titles (as configured
-    via use of package "titlesec".)
+    The colour for titles (as configured via use of package "titlesec".)
+
+    Default: ``{rgb}{0.126,0.263,0.361}``
 
 .. warning::
 
@@ -661,22 +709,31 @@ macros may be significant.
    argument of the ``color/xcolor`` packages ``\definecolor`` command.
 
 ``InnerLinkColor``
-    default ``{rgb}{0.208,0.374,0.486}``. A colour passed to ``hyperref`` as
-    value of ``linkcolor``  and ``citecolor``.
+    A colour passed to ``hyperref`` as value of ``linkcolor``  and
+    ``citecolor``.
+
+    Default: ``{rgb}{0.208,0.374,0.486}``.
 
 ``OuterLinkColor``
-    default ``{rgb}{0.216,0.439,0.388}``. A colour passed to ``hyperref`` as
-    value of ``filecolor``, ``menucolor``, and ``urlcolor``.
+    A colour passed to ``hyperref`` as value of ``filecolor``, ``menucolor``,
+    and ``urlcolor``.
+
+    Default: ``{rgb}{0.216,0.439,0.388}``
 
 ``VerbatimColor``
-    default ``{rgb}{1,1,1}``. The background colour for
-    :rst:dir:`code-block`\ s. The default is white.
+    The background colour for :rst:dir:`code-block`\ s.
+
+    Default: ``{rgb}{1,1,1}`` (white)
 
 ``VerbatimBorderColor``
-    default ``{rgb}{0,0,0}``. The frame color, defaults to black.
+    The frame color.
+
+    Default: ``{rgb}{0,0,0}`` (black)
 
 ``VerbatimHighlightColor``
-    default ``{rgb}{0.878,1,1}``. The color for highlighted lines.
+    The color for highlighted lines.
+
+    Default: ``{rgb}{0.878,1,1}``
 
     .. versionadded:: 1.6.6
 
@@ -686,54 +743,77 @@ macros may be significant.
    names declared to "color" or "xcolor" are prefixed with "sphinx".
 
 ``verbatimsep``
-    default ``\fboxsep``. The separation between code lines and the frame.
+    The separation between code lines and the frame.
+
+    Default: ``\fboxsep``
 
 ``verbatimborder``
-    default ``\fboxrule``. The width of the frame around
-    :rst:dir:`code-block`\ s.
+    The width of the frame around :rst:dir:`code-block`\ s.
+
+    Default: ``\fboxrule``
 
 ``shadowsep``
-    default ``5pt``. The separation between contents and frame for
-    :dudir:`contents` and :dudir:`topic` boxes.
+    The separation between contents and frame for :dudir:`contents` and
+    :dudir:`topic` boxes.
+
+    Default: ``5pt``
 
 ``shadowsize``
-    default ``4pt``. The width of the lateral "shadow" to the right.
+    The width of the lateral "shadow" to the right.
+
+    Default: ``4pt``
 
 ``shadowrule``
-    default ``\fboxrule``. The width of the frame around :dudir:`topic` boxes.
+    The width of the frame around :dudir:`topic` boxes.
+
+    Default: ``\fboxrule``
 
 |notebdcolors|
-    default ``{rgb}{0,0,0}`` (black). The colour for the two horizontal rules
-    used by Sphinx in LaTeX for styling a :dudir:`note` type admonition.
+    The colour for the two horizontal rules used by Sphinx in LaTeX for styling
+    a :dudir:`note` type admonition.
+
+    Default: ``{rgb}{0,0,0}`` (black)
 
 ``noteborder``, ``hintborder``, ``importantborder``, ``tipborder``
-    default ``0.5pt``. The width of the two horizontal rules.
+    The width of the two horizontal rules.
+
+    Default: ``0.5pt``
 
 .. only:: not latex
 
    |warningbdcolors|
-       default ``{rgb}{0,0,0}`` (black). The colour for the admonition frame.
+       The colour for the admonition frame.
+
+       Default: ``{rgb}{0,0,0}`` (black)
 
 .. only:: latex
 
    |wgbdcolorslatex|
-       default ``{rgb}{0,0,0}`` (black). The colour for the admonition frame.
+       The colour for the admonition frame.
+
+       Default: ``{rgb}{0,0,0}`` (black)
 
 |warningbgcolors|
-    default ``{rgb}{1,1,1}`` (white). The background colours for the respective
-    admonitions.
+    The background colours for the respective admonitions.
+
+    Default: ``{rgb}{1,1,1}`` (white)
 
 |warningborders|
-    default ``1pt``. The width of the frame.
+    The width of the frame.
+
+    Default: ``1pt``
 
 ``AtStartFootnote``
-    default ``\mbox{ }``. LaTeX macros inserted at the start of the footnote
-    text at bottom of page, after the footnote number.
+    LaTeX macros inserted at the start of the footnote text at bottom of page,
+    after the footnote number.
+
+    Default: ``\mbox{ }``
 
 ``BeforeFootnote``
-    default ``\leavevmode\unskip``. LaTeX macros inserted before the footnote
-    mark. The default removes possible space before it (else, TeX could insert
-    a linebreak there).
+    LaTeX macros inserted before the footnote mark. The default removes
+    possible space before it (else, TeX could insert a line break there).
+
+    Default: ``\leavevmode\unskip``
 
     .. versionadded:: 1.5
 
@@ -762,6 +842,7 @@ macros may be significant.
                               ``attentionborder``, ``dangerborder``,
                               ``errorborder``
 
+
 LaTeX macros and environments
 -----------------------------
 
@@ -774,7 +855,7 @@ thus allowing redefinitions. Check the respective files for the defaults.
 Macros
 ~~~~~~
 
-- text styling commands:
+- Text styling commands:
 
   - ``\sphinxstrong``,
   - ``\sphinxbfcode``,
@@ -786,11 +867,12 @@ Macros
   - ``\sphinxcrossref``,
   - ``\sphinxtermref``,
   - ``\sphinxoptional``.
- 
+
   .. versionadded:: 1.4.5
      Use of ``\sphinx`` prefixed macro names to limit possibilities of conflict
      with LaTeX packages.
-- more text styling:
+
+- More text styling:
 
   - ``\sphinxstyleindexentry``,
   - ``\sphinxstyleindexextra``,
@@ -808,58 +890,66 @@ Macros
   - ``\sphinxstyleliteralintitle``,
   - ``\sphinxstylecodecontinued``,
   - ``\sphinxstylecodecontinues``.
- 
+
   .. versionadded:: 1.5
-     these macros were formerly hard-coded as non customizable ``\texttt``,
+     These macros were formerly hard-coded as non customizable ``\texttt``,
      ``\emph``, etc...
+
   .. versionadded:: 1.6
      ``\sphinxstyletheadfamily`` which defaults to ``\sffamily`` and allows
      multiple paragraphs in header cells of tables.
+
   .. versionadded:: 1.6.3
      ``\sphinxstylecodecontinued`` and ``\sphinxstylecodecontinues``.
+
   .. versionadded:: 3.0
      ``\sphinxkeyboard``
-- ``\sphinxtableofcontents``: it is a
-  wrapper (defined differently in :file:`sphinxhowto.cls` and in
-  :file:`sphinxmanual.cls`) of standard ``\tableofcontents``.  The macro
-  ``\sphinxtableofcontentshook`` is executed during its expansion right before
-  ``\tableofcontents`` itself.
+
+- ``\sphinxtableofcontents``: A wrapper (defined differently in
+  :file:`sphinxhowto.cls` and in :file:`sphinxmanual.cls`) of standard
+  ``\tableofcontents``.  The macro ``\sphinxtableofcontentshook`` is executed
+  during its expansion right before ``\tableofcontents`` itself.
 
   .. versionchanged:: 1.5
-     formerly, the meaning of ``\tableofcontents`` was modified by Sphinx.
+     Formerly, the meaning of ``\tableofcontents`` was modified by Sphinx.
+
   .. versionchanged:: 2.0
-     hard-coded redefinitions of ``\l@section`` and ``\l@subsection`` formerly
+     Hard-coded redefinitions of ``\l@section`` and ``\l@subsection`` formerly
      done during loading of ``'manual'`` docclass are now executed later via
      ``\sphinxtableofcontentshook``.  This macro is also executed by the
      ``'howto'`` docclass, but defaults to empty with it.
-- ``\sphinxmaketitle``: it is defined in the class files
-  :file:`sphinxmanual.cls` and :file:`sphinxhowto.cls` and is used as
-  default setting of ``'maketitle'`` :confval:`latex_elements` key.
+
+- ``\sphinxmaketitle``: Used as the default setting of the ``'maketitle'``
+  :confval:`latex_elements` key.
+  Defined in the class files :file:`sphinxmanual.cls` and
+  :file:`sphinxhowto.cls`.
 
   .. versionchanged:: 1.8.3
-     formerly, ``\maketitle`` from LaTeX document class was modified by
+     Formerly, ``\maketitle`` from LaTeX document class was modified by
      Sphinx.
-- ``\sphinxbackoftitlepage``: for ``'manual'`` docclass, and if it is
+
+- ``\sphinxbackoftitlepage``: For ``'manual'`` docclass, and if it is
   defined, it gets executed at end of ``\sphinxmaketitle``, before the final
   ``\clearpage``.  Use either the ``'maketitle'`` key or the ``'preamble'`` key
   of :confval:`latex_elements` to add a custom definition of
   ``\sphinxbackoftitlepage``.
 
   .. versionadded:: 1.8.3
-- ``\sphinxcite``: it is a wrapper of standard ``\cite`` for citation
-  references.
+
+- ``\sphinxcite``: A wrapper of standard ``\cite`` for citation references.
 
 Environments
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
-- a :dudir:`figure` may have an optional legend with arbitrary body
+- A :dudir:`figure` may have an optional legend with arbitrary body
   elements: they are rendered in a ``sphinxlegend`` environment. The default
   definition issues ``\small``, and ends with ``\par``.
 
   .. versionadded:: 1.5.6
-     formerly, the ``\small`` was hardcoded in LaTeX writer and the ending
+     Formerly, the ``\small`` was hardcoded in LaTeX writer and the ending
      ``\par`` was lacking.
-- environments associated with admonitions:
+
+- Environments associated with admonitions:
 
   - ``sphinxnote``,
   - ``sphinxhint``,
@@ -880,17 +970,20 @@ Environments
   specific to each type, which can be set via ``'sphinxsetup'`` string.
 
   .. versionchanged:: 1.5
-     use of public environment names, separate customizability of the
+     Use of public environment names, separate customizability of the
      parameters, such as ``noteBorderColor``, ``noteborder``,
      ``warningBgColor``, ``warningBorderColor``, ``warningborder``, ...
-- the :dudir:`contents` directive (with ``:local:`` option) and the
+
+- The :dudir:`contents` directive (with ``:local:`` option) and the
   :dudir:`topic` directive are implemented by environment ``sphinxShadowBox``.
 
   .. versionadded:: 1.4.2
-     former code refactored into an environment allowing page breaks.
+     Former code refactored into an environment allowing page breaks.
+
   .. versionchanged:: 1.5
-     options ``shadowsep``, ``shadowsize``,  ``shadowrule``.
-- the literal blocks (via ``::`` or :rst:dir:`code-block`), are
+     Options ``shadowsep``, ``shadowsize``,  ``shadowrule``.
+
+- The literal blocks (via ``::`` or :rst:dir:`code-block`), are
   implemented using ``sphinxVerbatim`` environment which is a wrapper of
   ``Verbatim`` environment from package ``fancyvrb.sty``. It adds the handling
   of the top caption and the wrapping of long lines, and a frame which allows
@@ -902,34 +995,39 @@ Environments
      ``Verbatim`` keeps exact same meaning as in ``fancyvrb.sty`` (also
      under the name ``OriginalVerbatim``); ``sphinxVerbatimintable`` is used
      inside tables.
+
   .. versionadded:: 1.5
-     options ``verbatimwithframe``, ``verbatimwrapslines``,
+     Options ``verbatimwithframe``, ``verbatimwrapslines``,
      ``verbatimsep``, ``verbatimborder``.
+
   .. versionadded:: 1.6.6
-     support for ``:emphasize-lines:`` option
+     Support for ``:emphasize-lines:`` option
+
   .. versionadded:: 1.6.6
-     easier customizability of the formatting via exposed to user LaTeX macros
+     Easier customizability of the formatting via exposed to user LaTeX macros
      such as ``\sphinxVerbatimHighlightLine``.
-- the bibliography uses ``sphinxthebibliography`` and the Python Module index
+
+- The bibliography uses ``sphinxthebibliography`` and the Python Module index
   as well as the general index both use ``sphinxtheindex``; these environments
   are wrappers of the ``thebibliography`` and respectively ``theindex``
   environments as provided by the document class (or packages).
 
   .. versionchanged:: 1.5
-     formerly, the original environments were modified by Sphinx.
+     Formerly, the original environments were modified by Sphinx.
 
 Miscellany
 ~~~~~~~~~~
 
-- the section, subsection, ...  headings are set using  *titlesec*'s
+- The section, subsection, ... headings are set using  *titlesec*'s
   ``\titleformat`` command.
-- for the ``'manual'`` docclass, the chapter headings can be customized using
+
+- For the ``'manual'`` docclass, the chapter headings can be customized using
   *fncychap*'s commands ``\ChNameVar``, ``\ChNumVar``, ``\ChTitleVar``. File
   :file:`sphinx.sty` has custom re-definitions in case of *fncychap*
   option ``Bjarne``.
 
   .. versionchanged:: 1.5
-     formerly, use of *fncychap* with other styles than ``Bjarne`` was
+     Formerly, use of *fncychap* with other styles than ``Bjarne`` was
      dysfunctional.
 
 .. hint::
@@ -938,9 +1036,6 @@ Miscellany
    LaTeX source if you have a file named ``_templates/latex.tex_t`` in your
    project.
 
-   .. versionadded:: 1.5
-      currently all template variables are unstable and undocumented.
-
    Additional files ``longtable.tex_t``, ``tabulary.tex_t`` and
    ``tabular.tex_t`` can be added to ``_templates/`` to configure some aspects
    of table rendering (such as the caption position).
diff --git a/doc/templating.rst b/doc/templating.rst
index 1f4bef9c8..0e3815c29 100644
--- a/doc/templating.rst
+++ b/doc/templating.rst
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 .. _templating:
 
+==========
 Templating
 ==========
 
@@ -69,9 +70,10 @@ following contents::
 By prefixing the name of the overridden template with an exclamation mark,
 Sphinx will load the layout template from the underlying HTML theme.
 
-**Important**: If you override a block, call ``{{ super() }}`` somewhere to
-render the block's original content in the extended template -- unless you
-don't want that content to show up.
+.. important::
+   If you override a block, call ``{{ super() }}`` somewhere to render the
+   block's original content in the extended template -- unless you don't want
+   that content to show up.
 
 
 Working with the builtin templates
@@ -85,72 +87,68 @@ Blocks
 
 The following blocks exist in the ``layout.html`` template:
 
-`doctype`
+``doctype``
     The doctype of the output format.  By default this is XHTML 1.0 Transitional
     as this is the closest to what Sphinx and Docutils generate and it's a good
     idea not to change it unless you want to switch to HTML 5 or a different but
     compatible XHTML doctype.
 
-`linktags`
+``linktags``
     This block adds a couple of ``<link>`` tags to the head section of the
     template.
 
-`extrahead`
+``extrahead``
     This block is empty by default and can be used to add extra contents into
     the ``<head>`` tag of the generated HTML file.  This is the right place to
     add references to JavaScript or extra CSS files.
 
-`relbar1` / `relbar2`
+``relbar1``, ``relbar2``
     This block contains the *relation bar*, the list of related links (the
     parent documents on the left, and the links to index, modules etc. on the
-    right).  `relbar1` appears before the document, `relbar2` after the
+    right).  ``relbar1`` appears before the document, ``relbar2`` after the
     document.  By default, both blocks are filled; to show the relbar only
     before the document, you would override `relbar2` like this::
 
        {% block relbar2 %}{% endblock %}
 
-`rootrellink` / `relbaritems`
-    Inside the relbar there are three sections: The `rootrellink`, the links
-    from the documentation and the custom `relbaritems`.  The `rootrellink` is a
-    block that by default contains a list item pointing to the master document
-    by default, the `relbaritems` is an empty block.  If you override them to
-    add extra links into the bar make sure that they are list items and end with
-    the :data:`reldelim1`.
+``rootrellink``, ``relbaritems``
+    Inside the relbar there are three sections: The ``rootrellink``, the links
+    from the documentation and the custom ``relbaritems``.  The ``rootrellink``
+    is a block that by default contains a list item pointing to the master
+    document by default, the ``relbaritems`` is an empty block.  If you
+    override them to add extra links into the bar make sure that they are list
+    items and end with the :data:`reldelim1`.
 
-`document`
-    The contents of the document itself.  It contains the block "body" where the
-    individual content is put by subtemplates like ``page.html``.
+``document``
+    The contents of the document itself.  It contains the block "body" where
+    the individual content is put by subtemplates like ``page.html``.
 
     .. note::
         In order for the built-in JavaScript search to show a page preview on
         the results page, the document or body content should be wrapped in an
-        HTML element containing the ``role="main"`` attribute. For example:
-
-        .. sourcecode:: html+jinja
+        HTML element containing the ``role="main"`` attribute. For example::
 
             <div role="main">
               {% block document %}{% endblock %}
             </div>
 
-`sidebar1` / `sidebar2`
-    A possible location for a sidebar.  `sidebar1` appears before the document
-    and is empty by default, `sidebar2` after the document and contains the
+``sidebar1``, ``sidebar2``
+    A possible location for a sidebar.  ``sidebar1`` appears before the document
+    and is empty by default, ``sidebar2`` after the document and contains the
     default sidebar.  If you want to swap the sidebar location override this and
-    call the `sidebar` helper:
-
-    .. sourcecode:: html+jinja
+    call the ``sidebar`` helper::
 
         {% block sidebar1 %}{{ sidebar() }}{% endblock %}
         {% block sidebar2 %}{% endblock %}
 
-    (The `sidebar2` location for the sidebar is needed by the ``sphinxdoc.css``
+    (The ``sidebar2`` location for the sidebar is needed by the ``sphinxdoc.css``
     stylesheet, for example.)
 
-`sidebarlogo`
+``sidebarlogo``
     The logo location within the sidebar.  Override this if you want to place
     some content at the top of the sidebar.
 
-`footer`
+``footer``
     The block for the footer div.  If you want a custom footer or markup before
     or after it, override this one.
 
@@ -159,23 +157,23 @@ list of custom sidebars in the :confval:`html_sidebars` config value.  Their use
 is deprecated in favor of separate sidebar templates, which can be included via
 :confval:`html_sidebars`.
 
-`sidebartoc`
+``sidebartoc``
     The table of contents within the sidebar.
 
     .. deprecated:: 1.0
 
-`sidebarrel`
+``sidebarrel``
     The relation links (previous, next document) within the sidebar.
 
     .. deprecated:: 1.0
 
-`sidebarsourcelink`
+``sidebarsourcelink``
     The "Show source" link within the sidebar (normally only shown if this is
     enabled by :confval:`html_show_sourcelink`).
 
     .. deprecated:: 1.0
 
-`sidebarsearch`
+``sidebarsearch``
     The search box within the sidebar.  Override this if you want to place some
     content at the bottom of the sidebar.
 
@@ -392,7 +390,6 @@ are in HTML form), these variables are also available:
       <a href="{{ next.link|e }}">{{ next.title }}</a>
       {% endif %}
 
-
 .. data:: page_source_suffix
 
    The suffix of the file that was rendered. Since we support a list of
@@ -424,14 +421,19 @@ are in HTML form), these variables are also available:
    A callable yielding the global TOC tree containing the current page, rendered
    as HTML bullet lists.  Optional keyword arguments:
 
-   * ``collapse`` (``True`` by default): if true, all TOC entries that are not
-     ancestors of the current page are collapsed
+   ``collapse``
+     If true, all TOC entries that are not ancestors of the current page are
+     collapsed.
+     ``True`` by default.
 
-   * ``maxdepth`` (defaults to the max depth selected in the toctree directive):
-     the maximum depth of the tree; set it to ``-1`` to allow unlimited depth
+   ``maxdepth``
+     The maximum depth of the tree. Set it to ``-1`` to allow unlimited depth.
+     Defaults to the max depth selected in the toctree directive.
 
-   * ``titles_only`` (``False`` by default): if true, put only toplevel document
-     titles in the tree
+   ``titles_only``
+     If true, put only top-level document titles in the tree.
+     ``False`` by default.
 
-   * ``includehidden`` (``False`` by default): if true, the TOC tree will also
-     contain hidden entries.
+   ``includehidden``
+     If true, the ToC tree will also contain hidden entries.
+     ``False`` by default.
diff --git a/doc/usage/configuration.rst b/doc/usage/configuration.rst
index 2618e8629..48444c277 100644
--- a/doc/usage/configuration.rst
+++ b/doc/usage/configuration.rst
@@ -574,7 +574,7 @@ General configuration
    A dictionary of options that modify how the lexer specified by
    :confval:`highlight_language` generates highlighted source code. These are
    lexer-specific; for the options understood by each, see the
-   `Pygments documentation <https://pygments.org/docs/lexers.html>`_.
+   `Pygments documentation <https://pygments.org/docs/lexers>`_.
 
    .. versionadded:: 1.3
 
diff --git a/doc/usage/extensions/autodoc.rst b/doc/usage/extensions/autodoc.rst
index 36be7568b..ec1d6c9b5 100644
--- a/doc/usage/extensions/autodoc.rst
+++ b/doc/usage/extensions/autodoc.rst
@@ -454,7 +454,14 @@ There are also config values that you can set:
    looks like a signature, use the line as the signature and remove it from the
    docstring content.
 
+   If the signature line ends with backslash, autodoc considers the function has
+   multiple signatures and look at the next line of the docstring.  It is useful
+   for overloaded function.
+
    .. versionadded:: 1.1
+   .. versionchanged:: 3.1
+
+      Support overloaded signatures
 
 .. confval:: autodoc_mock_imports
 
diff --git a/doc/usage/extensions/autosummary.rst b/doc/usage/extensions/autosummary.rst
index f3a5aea0e..38d18361e 100644
--- a/doc/usage/extensions/autosummary.rst
+++ b/doc/usage/extensions/autosummary.rst
@@ -285,8 +285,12 @@ The following variables available in the templates:
 
 .. data:: attributes
 
-   List containing names of "public" attributes in the class.  Only available
-   for classes.
+   List containing names of "public" attributes in the class/module.  Only
+   available for classes and modules.
+
+    .. versionchanged:: 3.1
+
+       Attributes of modules are supported.
 
 .. data:: modules
 
diff --git a/doc/usage/index.rst b/doc/usage/index.rst
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..49a4dccaa
--- /dev/null
+++ b/doc/usage/index.rst
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+============
+Using Sphinx
+============
+
+This guide serves to demonstrate how one can get started with Sphinx and covers
+everything from installing Sphinx and configuring your first Sphinx project to
+using some of the advanced features Sphinx provides out-of-the-box. If you are
+looking for guidance on extending Sphinx, refer to :doc:`/development/index`.
+
+.. toctree::
+   :maxdepth: 2
+
+   quickstart
+   installation
+   restructuredtext/index
+   markdown
+   configuration
+   builders/index
+   extensions/index
+   theming
+   advanced/intl
+   advanced/setuptools
+   advanced/websupport/index
diff --git a/doc/usage/installation.rst b/doc/usage/installation.rst
index 83fc74d77..432825295 100644
--- a/doc/usage/installation.rst
+++ b/doc/usage/installation.rst
@@ -12,9 +12,13 @@ Installing Sphinx
 Overview
 --------
 
-Sphinx is written in `Python`__ and supports Python 3.6+.
+Sphinx is written in `Python`__ and supports Python 3.6+. It builds upon the
+shoulders of many third-party libraries such as `Docutils`__ and `Jinja`__,
+which are installed when Sphinx is installed.
 
 __ https://docs.python-guide.org/
+__ https://docutils.sourceforge.io/
+__ https://jinja.palletsprojects.com/
 
 
 Linux
diff --git a/doc/usage/quickstart.rst b/doc/usage/quickstart.rst
index b5462a388..8d2de021e 100644
--- a/doc/usage/quickstart.rst
+++ b/doc/usage/quickstart.rst
@@ -2,21 +2,38 @@
 Getting Started
 ===============
 
-Once Sphinx is :doc:`installed </usage/installation>`, you can proceed with
-setting up your first Sphinx project. To ease the process of getting started,
-Sphinx provides a tool, :program:`sphinx-quickstart`, which will generate a
-documentation source directory and populate it with some defaults. We're going
-to use the :program:`sphinx-quickstart` tool here, though its use is by no means
-necessary.
+Sphinx is a *documentation generator* or a tool that translates a set of plain
+text source files into various output formats, automatically producing
+cross-references, indices, etc.  That is, if you have a directory containing a
+bunch of :doc:`/usage/restructuredtext/index` or :doc:`/usage/markdown`
+documents, Sphinx can generate a series of HTML files, a PDF file (via LaTeX),
+man pages and much more.
+
+Sphinx focuses on documentation, in particular handwritten documentation,
+however, Sphinx can also be used to generate blogs, homepages and even books.
+Much of Sphinx's power comes from the richness of its default plain-text markup
+format, :doc:`reStructuredText </usage/restructuredtext/index>`, along with
+it's :doc:`significant extensibility capabilities </development/index>`.
+
+The goal of this document is to give you a quick taste of what Sphinx it is and
+how you might use it. When you're done here, you can check out the
+:doc:`installation guide </usage/installation>` followed by the intro to the
+default markup format used by Sphinx, :doc:`reStucturedText
+</usage/restructuredtext/index>`.
+
+For a great "introduction" to writing docs in general -- the whys and hows, see
+also `Write the docs`__, written by Eric Holscher.
+
+.. __: http://www.writethedocs.org/guide/writing/beginners-guide-to-docs/
 
 
 Setting up the documentation sources
 ------------------------------------
 
-The root directory of a Sphinx collection of :term:`reStructuredText` document
-sources is called the :term:`source directory`.  This directory also contains
-the Sphinx configuration file :file:`conf.py`, where you can configure all
-aspects of how Sphinx reads your sources and builds your documentation.  [#]_
+The root directory of a Sphinx collection of plain-text document sources is
+called the :term:`source directory`.  This directory also contains the Sphinx
+configuration file :file:`conf.py`, where you can configure all aspects of how
+Sphinx reads your sources and builds your documentation.  [#]_
 
 Sphinx comes with a script called :program:`sphinx-quickstart` that sets up a
 source directory and creates a default :file:`conf.py` with the most useful
@@ -26,9 +43,6 @@ configuration values from a few questions it asks you. To use this, run:
 
    $ sphinx-quickstart
 
-There is also an automatic "API documentation" generator called
-:program:`sphinx-apidoc`; see :doc:`/man/sphinx-apidoc` for details.
-
 
 Defining document structure
 ---------------------------
diff --git a/doc/usage/restructuredtext/basics.rst b/doc/usage/restructuredtext/basics.rst
index dffaf297c..8f596ed9a 100644
--- a/doc/usage/restructuredtext/basics.rst
+++ b/doc/usage/restructuredtext/basics.rst
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ Doctest blocks
 Doctest blocks (:duref:`ref <doctest-blocks>`) are interactive Python sessions
 cut-and-pasted into docstrings. They do not require the
 :ref:`literal blocks <rst-literal-blocks>` syntax. The doctest block must end
-with a blank line and should *not* end with with an unused prompt::
+with a blank line and should *not* end with an unused prompt::
 
     >>> 1 + 1
     2
diff --git a/doc/usage/theming.rst b/doc/usage/theming.rst
index 0aae78718..792a4a53d 100644
--- a/doc/usage/theming.rst
+++ b/doc/usage/theming.rst
@@ -1,5 +1,7 @@
 .. highlight:: python
 
+.. _html-themes:
+
 HTML
 ====
 
diff --git a/setup.py b/setup.py
index ba4484f22..7462e4977 100644
--- a/setup.py
+++ b/setup.py
@@ -44,7 +44,7 @@ extras_require = {
     'lint': [
         'flake8>=3.5.0',
         'flake8-import-order',
-        'mypy>=0.770',
+        'mypy>=0.780',
         'docutils-stubs',
     ],
     'test': [
@@ -201,6 +201,7 @@ setup(
         'Programming Language :: Python :: 3 :: Only',
         'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.6',
         'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.7',
+        'Programming Language :: Python :: 3.8',
         'Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: CPython',
         'Programming Language :: Python :: Implementation :: PyPy',
         'Framework :: Setuptools Plugin',
diff --git a/sphinx/application.py b/sphinx/application.py
index ae98e8f1b..55a2889a7 100644
--- a/sphinx/application.py
+++ b/sphinx/application.py
@@ -432,22 +432,32 @@ class Sphinx:
         logger.debug('[app] disconnecting event: [id=%s]', listener_id)
         self.events.disconnect(listener_id)
 
-    def emit(self, event: str, *args: Any) -> List:
+    def emit(self, event: str, *args: Any,
+             allowed_exceptions: Tuple["Type[Exception]", ...] = ()) -> List:
         """Emit *event* and pass *arguments* to the callback functions.
 
         Return the return values of all callbacks as a list.  Do not emit core
         Sphinx events in extensions!
+
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.1
+
+           Added *allowed_exceptions* to specify path-through exceptions
         """
-        return self.events.emit(event, *args)
+        return self.events.emit(event, *args, allowed_exceptions=allowed_exceptions)
 
-    def emit_firstresult(self, event: str, *args: Any) -> Any:
+    def emit_firstresult(self, event: str, *args: Any,
+                         allowed_exceptions: Tuple["Type[Exception]", ...] = ()) -> Any:
         """Emit *event* and pass *arguments* to the callback functions.
 
         Return the result of the first callback that doesn't return ``None``.
 
         .. versionadded:: 0.5
+        .. versionchanged:: 3.1
+
+           Added *allowed_exceptions* to specify path-through exceptions
         """
-        return self.events.emit_firstresult(event, *args)
+        return self.events.emit_firstresult(event, *args,
+                                            allowed_exceptions=allowed_exceptions)
 
     # registering addon parts
 
@@ -929,12 +939,14 @@ class Sphinx:
         if hasattr(self.builder, 'add_css_file'):
             self.builder.add_css_file(filename, **kwargs)  # type: ignore
 
-    def add_latex_package(self, packagename: str, options: str = None) -> None:
+    def add_latex_package(self, packagename: str, options: str = None,
+                          after_hyperref: bool = False) -> None:
         r"""Register a package to include in the LaTeX source code.
 
         Add *packagename* to the list of packages that LaTeX source code will
         include.  If you provide *options*, it will be taken to `\usepackage`
-        declaration.
+        declaration.  If you set *after_hyperref* truthy, the package will be
+        loaded after ``hyperref`` package.
 
         .. code-block:: python
 
@@ -944,8 +956,11 @@ class Sphinx:
            # => \usepackage[foo,bar]{mypackage}
 
         .. versionadded:: 1.3
+        .. versionadded:: 3.1
+
+           *after_hyperref* option.
         """
-        self.registry.add_latex_package(packagename, options)
+        self.registry.add_latex_package(packagename, options, after_hyperref)
 
     def add_lexer(self, alias: str, lexer: Type[Lexer]) -> None:
         """Register a new lexer for source code.
diff --git a/sphinx/builders/latex/__init__.py b/sphinx/builders/latex/__init__.py
index 467a80e99..4d1f17325 100644
--- a/sphinx/builders/latex/__init__.py
+++ b/sphinx/builders/latex/__init__.py
@@ -127,6 +127,7 @@ class LaTeXBuilder(Builder):
         self.document_data = []     # type: List[Tuple[str, str, str, str, str, bool]]
         self.themes = ThemeFactory(self.app)
         self.usepackages = self.app.registry.latex_packages
+        self.usepackages_after_hyperref = self.app.registry.latex_packages_after_hyperref
         texescape.init()
 
         self.init_context()
@@ -178,6 +179,7 @@ class LaTeXBuilder(Builder):
 
         # Apply extension settings to context
         self.context['packages'] = self.usepackages
+        self.context['packages_after_hyperref'] = self.usepackages_after_hyperref
 
         # Apply user settings to context
         self.context.update(self.config.latex_elements)
@@ -456,6 +458,12 @@ def validate_latex_theme_options(app: Sphinx, config: Config) -> None:
             config.latex_theme_options.pop(key)
 
 
+def install_pakcages_for_ja(app: Sphinx) -> None:
+    """Install packages for Japanese."""
+    if app.config.language == 'ja':
+        app.add_latex_package('pxjahyper', after_hyperref=True)
+
+
 def default_latex_engine(config: Config) -> str:
     """ Better default latex_engine settings for specific languages. """
     if config.language == 'ja':
@@ -503,6 +511,7 @@ def setup(app: Sphinx) -> Dict[str, Any]:
     app.add_builder(LaTeXBuilder)
     app.connect('config-inited', validate_config_values, priority=800)
     app.connect('config-inited', validate_latex_theme_options, priority=800)
+    app.connect('builder-inited', install_pakcages_for_ja)
 
     app.add_config_value('latex_engine', default_latex_engine, None,
                          ENUM('pdflatex', 'xelatex', 'lualatex', 'platex', 'uplatex'))
diff --git a/sphinx/config.py b/sphinx/config.py
index deccc3e62..8206653ab 100644
--- a/sphinx/config.py
+++ b/sphinx/config.py
@@ -126,7 +126,7 @@ class Config:
         'rst_epilog': (None, 'env', [str]),
         'rst_prolog': (None, 'env', [str]),
         'trim_doctest_flags': (True, 'env', []),
-        'primary_domain': ('py', 'env', [NoneType]),   # type: ignore
+        'primary_domain': ('py', 'env', [NoneType]),
         'needs_sphinx': (None, None, [str]),
         'needs_extensions': ({}, None, []),
         'manpages_url': (None, 'env', []),
diff --git a/sphinx/domains/c.py b/sphinx/domains/c.py
index 164a87254..36a8f1f65 100644
--- a/sphinx/domains/c.py
+++ b/sphinx/domains/c.py
@@ -432,9 +432,9 @@ class ASTUnaryOpExpr(ASTExpression):
 
     def _stringify(self, transform: StringifyTransform) -> str:
         if self.op[0] in 'cn':
-            return transform(self.op) + " " + transform(self.expr)
+            return self.op + " " + transform(self.expr)
         else:
-            return transform(self.op) + transform(self.expr)
+            return self.op + transform(self.expr)
 
     def describe_signature(self, signode: TextElement, mode: str,
                            env: "BuildEnvironment", symbol: "Symbol") -> None:
diff --git a/sphinx/domains/cpp.py b/sphinx/domains/cpp.py
index b801f4030..1783db491 100644
--- a/sphinx/domains/cpp.py
+++ b/sphinx/domains/cpp.py
@@ -951,12 +951,12 @@ class ASTFoldExpr(ASTExpression):
         if self.leftExpr:
             res.append(transform(self.leftExpr))
             res.append(' ')
-            res.append(transform(self.op))
+            res.append(self.op)
             res.append(' ')
         res.append('...')
         if self.rightExpr:
             res.append(' ')
-            res.append(transform(self.op))
+            res.append(self.op)
             res.append(' ')
             res.append(transform(self.rightExpr))
         res.append(')')
@@ -1223,9 +1223,9 @@ class ASTUnaryOpExpr(ASTExpression):
 
     def _stringify(self, transform: StringifyTransform) -> str:
         if self.op[0] in 'cn':
-            return transform(self.op) + " " + transform(self.expr)
+            return self.op + " " + transform(self.expr)
         else:
-            return transform(self.op) + transform(self.expr)
+            return self.op + transform(self.expr)
 
     def get_id(self, version: int) -> str:
         return _id_operator_unary_v2[self.op] + self.expr.get_id(version)
@@ -3538,6 +3538,8 @@ class ASTTemplateIntroduction(ASTBase):
         signode += nodes.Text('}')
 
 
+################################################################################
+
 class ASTTemplateDeclarationPrefix(ASTBase):
     def __init__(self,
                  templates: List[Union[ASTTemplateParams,
@@ -3566,18 +3568,35 @@ class ASTTemplateDeclarationPrefix(ASTBase):
             t.describe_signature_as_introducer(signode, 'lastIsName', env, symbol, lineSpec)
 
 
+class ASTRequiresClause(ASTBase):
+    def __init__(self, expr: ASTExpression) -> None:
+        self.expr = expr
+
+    def _stringify(self, transform: StringifyTransform) -> str:
+        return 'requires ' + transform(self.expr)
+
+    def describe_signature(self, signode: addnodes.desc_signature_line, mode: str,
+                           env: "BuildEnvironment", symbol: "Symbol") -> None:
+        signode += nodes.Text('requires ', 'requires ')
+        self.expr.describe_signature(signode, mode, env, symbol)
+
+
 ################################################################################
 ################################################################################
 
 class ASTDeclaration(ASTBase):
     def __init__(self, objectType: str, directiveType: str, visibility: str,
-                 templatePrefix: ASTTemplateDeclarationPrefix, declaration: Any,
+                 templatePrefix: ASTTemplateDeclarationPrefix,
+                 requiresClause: ASTRequiresClause, declaration: Any,
+                 trailingRequiresClause: ASTRequiresClause,
                  semicolon: bool = False) -> None:
         self.objectType = objectType
         self.directiveType = directiveType
         self.visibility = visibility
         self.templatePrefix = templatePrefix
+        self.requiresClause = requiresClause
         self.declaration = declaration
+        self.trailingRequiresClause = trailingRequiresClause
         self.semicolon = semicolon
 
         self.symbol = None  # type: Symbol
@@ -3585,13 +3604,14 @@ class ASTDeclaration(ASTBase):
         self.enumeratorScopedSymbol = None  # type: Symbol
 
     def clone(self) -> "ASTDeclaration":
-        if self.templatePrefix:
-            templatePrefixClone = self.templatePrefix.clone()
-        else:
-            templatePrefixClone = None
-        return ASTDeclaration(self.objectType, self.directiveType,
-                              self.visibility, templatePrefixClone,
-                              self.declaration.clone(), self.semicolon)
+        templatePrefixClone = self.templatePrefix.clone() if self.templatePrefix else None
+        requiresClasueClone = self.requiresClause.clone() if self.requiresClause else None
+        trailingRequiresClasueClone = self.trailingRequiresClause.clone() \
+            if self.trailingRequiresClause else None
+        return ASTDeclaration(self.objectType, self.directiveType, self.visibility,
+                              templatePrefixClone, requiresClasueClone,
+                              self.declaration.clone(), trailingRequiresClasueClone,
+                              self.semicolon)
 
     @property
     def name(self) -> ASTNestedName:
@@ -3619,6 +3639,17 @@ class ASTDeclaration(ASTBase):
             res = []
         if self.templatePrefix:
             res.append(self.templatePrefix.get_id(version))
+        if self.requiresClause or self.trailingRequiresClause:
+            if version < 4:
+                raise NoOldIdError()
+            res.append('IQ')
+            if self.requiresClause and self.trailingRequiresClause:
+                res.append('aa')
+            if self.requiresClause:
+                res.append(self.requiresClause.expr.get_id(version))
+            if self.trailingRequiresClause:
+                res.append(self.trailingRequiresClause.expr.get_id(version))
+            res.append('E')
         res.append(self.declaration.get_id(version, self.objectType, self.symbol))
         return ''.join(res)
 
@@ -3632,7 +3663,13 @@ class ASTDeclaration(ASTBase):
             res.append(' ')
         if self.templatePrefix:
             res.append(transform(self.templatePrefix))
+        if self.requiresClause:
+            res.append(transform(self.requiresClause))
+            res.append(' ')
         res.append(transform(self.declaration))
+        if self.trailingRequiresClause:
+            res.append(' ')
+            res.append(transform(self.trailingRequiresClause))
         if self.semicolon:
             res.append(';')
         return ''.join(res)
@@ -3653,6 +3690,11 @@ class ASTDeclaration(ASTBase):
             self.templatePrefix.describe_signature(signode, mode, env,
                                                    symbol=self.symbol,
                                                    lineSpec=options.get('tparam-line-spec'))
+        if self.requiresClause:
+            reqNode = addnodes.desc_signature_line()
+            reqNode.sphinx_line_type = 'requiresClause'
+            signode.append(reqNode)
+            self.requiresClause.describe_signature(reqNode, 'markType', env, self.symbol)
         signode += mainDeclNode
         if self.visibility and self.visibility != "public":
             mainDeclNode += addnodes.desc_annotation(self.visibility + " ",
@@ -3688,8 +3730,16 @@ class ASTDeclaration(ASTBase):
         else:
             assert False
         self.declaration.describe_signature(mainDeclNode, mode, env, self.symbol)
+        lastDeclNode = mainDeclNode
+        if self.trailingRequiresClause:
+            trailingReqNode = addnodes.desc_signature_line()
+            trailingReqNode.sphinx_line_type = 'trailingRequiresClause'
+            signode.append(trailingReqNode)
+            lastDeclNode = trailingReqNode
+            self.trailingRequiresClause.describe_signature(
+                trailingReqNode, 'markType', env, self.symbol)
         if self.semicolon:
-            mainDeclNode += nodes.Text(';')
+            lastDeclNode += nodes.Text(';')
 
 
 class ASTNamespace(ASTBase):
@@ -3808,7 +3858,7 @@ class Symbol:
                     continue
                 # only add a declaration if we our self are from a declaration
                 if self.declaration:
-                    decl = ASTDeclaration('templateParam', None, None, None, tp)
+                    decl = ASTDeclaration('templateParam', None, None, None, None, tp, None)
                 else:
                     decl = None
                 nne = ASTNestedNameElement(tp.get_identifier(), None)
@@ -3823,7 +3873,7 @@ class Symbol:
                 if nn is None:
                     continue
                 # (comparing to the template params: we have checked that we are a declaration)
-                decl = ASTDeclaration('functionParam', None, None, None, fp)
+                decl = ASTDeclaration('functionParam', None, None, None, None, fp, None)
                 assert not nn.rooted
                 assert len(nn.names) == 1
                 self._add_symbols(nn, [], decl, self.docname)
@@ -6297,8 +6347,61 @@ class DefinitionParser(BaseParser):
                           'Expected ",", or "}".')
         return ASTTemplateIntroduction(concept, params)
 
+    def _parse_requires_clause(self) -> Optional[ASTRequiresClause]:
+        # requires-clause -> 'requires' constraint-logical-or-expression
+        # constraint-logical-or-expression
+        #   -> constraint-logical-and-expression
+        #    | constraint-logical-or-expression '||' constraint-logical-and-expression
+        # constraint-logical-and-expression
+        #   -> primary-expression
+        #    | constraint-logical-and-expression '&&' primary-expression
+        self.skip_ws()
+        if not self.skip_word('requires'):
+            return None
+
+        def parse_and_expr(self: DefinitionParser) -> ASTExpression:
+            andExprs = []
+            ops = []
+            andExprs.append(self._parse_primary_expression())
+            while True:
+                self.skip_ws()
+                oneMore = False
+                if self.skip_string('&&'):
+                    oneMore = True
+                    ops.append('&&')
+                elif self.skip_word('and'):
+                    oneMore = True
+                    ops.append('and')
+                if not oneMore:
+                    break
+                andExprs.append(self._parse_primary_expression())
+            if len(andExprs) == 1:
+                return andExprs[0]
+            else:
+                return ASTBinOpExpr(andExprs, ops)
+
+        orExprs = []
+        ops = []
+        orExprs.append(parse_and_expr(self))
+        while True:
+            self.skip_ws()
+            oneMore = False
+            if self.skip_string('||'):
+                oneMore = True
+                ops.append('||')
+            elif self.skip_word('or'):
+                oneMore = True
+                ops.append('or')
+            if not oneMore:
+                break
+            orExprs.append(parse_and_expr(self))
+        if len(orExprs) == 1:
+            return ASTRequiresClause(orExprs[0])
+        else:
+            return ASTRequiresClause(ASTBinOpExpr(orExprs, ops))
+
     def _parse_template_declaration_prefix(self, objectType: str
-                                           ) -> ASTTemplateDeclarationPrefix:
+                                           ) -> Optional[ASTTemplateDeclarationPrefix]:
         templates = []  # type: List[Union[ASTTemplateParams, ASTTemplateIntroduction]]
         while 1:
             self.skip_ws()
@@ -6377,6 +6480,8 @@ class DefinitionParser(BaseParser):
             raise Exception('Internal error, unknown directiveType "%s".' % directiveType)
         visibility = None
         templatePrefix = None
+        requiresClause = None
+        trailingRequiresClause = None
         declaration = None  # type: Any
 
         self.skip_ws()
@@ -6385,6 +6490,8 @@ class DefinitionParser(BaseParser):
 
         if objectType in ('type', 'concept', 'member', 'function', 'class'):
             templatePrefix = self._parse_template_declaration_prefix(objectType)
+            if objectType == 'function' and templatePrefix is not None:
+                requiresClause = self._parse_requires_clause()
 
         if objectType == 'type':
             prevErrors = []
@@ -6410,6 +6517,8 @@ class DefinitionParser(BaseParser):
             declaration = self._parse_type_with_init(named=True, outer='member')
         elif objectType == 'function':
             declaration = self._parse_type(named=True, outer='function')
+            if templatePrefix is not None:
+                trailingRequiresClause = self._parse_requires_clause()
         elif objectType == 'class':
             declaration = self._parse_class()
         elif objectType == 'union':
@@ -6427,7 +6536,8 @@ class DefinitionParser(BaseParser):
         self.skip_ws()
         semicolon = self.skip_string(';')
         return ASTDeclaration(objectType, directiveType, visibility,
-                              templatePrefix, declaration, semicolon)
+                              templatePrefix, requiresClause, declaration,
+                              trailingRequiresClause, semicolon)
 
     def parse_namespace_object(self) -> ASTNamespace:
         templatePrefix = self._parse_template_declaration_prefix(objectType="namespace")
diff --git a/sphinx/errors.py b/sphinx/errors.py
index a9d027cb8..d9a83712c 100644
--- a/sphinx/errors.py
+++ b/sphinx/errors.py
@@ -116,7 +116,8 @@ class PycodeError(Exception):
 
 
 class NoUri(Exception):
-    """Raised by builder.get_relative_uri() if there is no URI available."""
+    """Raised by builder.get_relative_uri() or from missing-reference handlers
+    if there is no URI available."""
     pass
 
 
diff --git a/sphinx/events.py b/sphinx/events.py
index fae870b4b..3a3753895 100644
--- a/sphinx/events.py
+++ b/sphinx/events.py
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 
 from collections import defaultdict
 from operator import attrgetter
-from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, List, NamedTuple
+from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, List, NamedTuple, Tuple, Type
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
 from sphinx.errors import ExtensionError, SphinxError
@@ -83,7 +83,8 @@ class EventManager:
                 if listener.id == listener_id:
                     listeners.remove(listener)
 
-    def emit(self, name: str, *args: Any) -> List:
+    def emit(self, name: str, *args: Any,
+             allowed_exceptions: Tuple[Type[Exception], ...] = ()) -> List:
         """Emit a Sphinx event."""
         try:
             logger.debug('[app] emitting event: %r%s', name, repr(args)[:100])
@@ -97,6 +98,9 @@ class EventManager:
         for listener in listeners:
             try:
                 results.append(listener.handler(self.app, *args))
+            except allowed_exceptions:
+                # pass through the errors specified as *allowed_exceptions*
+                raise
             except SphinxError:
                 raise
             except Exception as exc:
@@ -104,12 +108,13 @@ class EventManager:
                                      (listener.handler, name)) from exc
         return results
 
-    def emit_firstresult(self, name: str, *args: Any) -> Any:
+    def emit_firstresult(self, name: str, *args: Any,
+                         allowed_exceptions: Tuple[Type[Exception], ...] = ()) -> Any:
         """Emit a Sphinx event and returns first result.
 
         This returns the result of the first handler that doesn't return ``None``.
         """
-        for result in self.emit(name, *args):
+        for result in self.emit(name, *args, allowed_exceptions=allowed_exceptions):
             if result is not None:
                 return result
         return None
diff --git a/sphinx/ext/autodoc/__init__.py b/sphinx/ext/autodoc/__init__.py
index 98a3cc85d..083f2aaa7 100644
--- a/sphinx/ext/autodoc/__init__.py
+++ b/sphinx/ext/autodoc/__init__.py
@@ -13,9 +13,11 @@
 import importlib
 import re
 import warnings
-from inspect import Parameter
+from inspect import Parameter, Signature
 from types import ModuleType
-from typing import Any, Callable, Dict, Iterator, List, Sequence, Set, Tuple, Type, Union
+from typing import (
+    Any, Callable, Dict, Iterator, List, Optional, Sequence, Set, Tuple, Type, Union
+)
 from typing import TYPE_CHECKING
 
 from docutils.statemachine import StringList
@@ -91,6 +93,16 @@ def inherited_members_option(arg: Any) -> Union[object, Set[str]]:
         return arg
 
 
+def member_order_option(arg: Any) -> Optional[str]:
+    """Used to convert the :members: option to auto directives."""
+    if arg is None:
+        return None
+    elif arg in ('alphabetical', 'bysource', 'groupwise'):
+        return arg
+    else:
+        raise ValueError(__('invalid value for member-order option: %s') % arg)
+
+
 SUPPRESS = object()
 
 
@@ -379,6 +391,17 @@ class Documenter:
         # directives of course)
         return '.'.join(self.objpath) or self.modname
 
+    def _call_format_args(self, **kwargs: Any) -> str:
+        if kwargs:
+            try:
+                return self.format_args(**kwargs)
+            except TypeError:
+                # avoid chaining exceptions, by putting nothing here
+                pass
+
+        # retry without arguments for old documenters
+        return self.format_args()
+
     def format_signature(self, **kwargs: Any) -> str:
         """Format the signature (arguments and return annotation) of the object.
 
@@ -387,21 +410,22 @@ class Documenter:
         if self.args is not None:
             # signature given explicitly
             args = "(%s)" % self.args
+            retann = self.retann
         else:
             # try to introspect the signature
             try:
-                try:
-                    args = self.format_args(**kwargs)
-                except TypeError:
-                    # retry without arguments for old documenters
-                    args = self.format_args()
+                retann = None
+                args = self._call_format_args(**kwargs)
+                if args:
+                    matched = re.match(r'^(\(.*\))\s+->\s+(.*)$', args)
+                    if matched:
+                        args = matched.group(1)
+                        retann = matched.group(2)
             except Exception:
                 logger.warning(__('error while formatting arguments for %s:') %
                                self.fullname, type='autodoc', exc_info=True)
                 args = None
 
-        retann = self.retann
-
         result = self.env.events.emit_firstresult('autodoc-process-signature',
                                                   self.objtype, self.fullname,
                                                   self.object, self.options, args, retann)
@@ -516,12 +540,12 @@ class Documenter:
                 else:
                     logger.warning(__('missing attribute %s in object %s') %
                                    (name, self.fullname), type='autodoc')
-            return False, sorted(selected)
+            return False, selected
         elif self.options.inherited_members:
-            return False, sorted((m.name, m.value) for m in members.values())
+            return False, [(m.name, m.value) for m in members.values()]
         else:
-            return False, sorted((m.name, m.value) for m in members.values()
-                                 if m.directly_defined)
+            return False, [(m.name, m.value) for m in members.values()
+                           if m.directly_defined]
 
     def filter_members(self, members: List[Tuple[str, Any]], want_all: bool
                        ) -> List[Tuple[str, Any, bool]]:
@@ -691,20 +715,9 @@ class Documenter:
                 '.'.join(self.objpath + [mname])
             documenter = classes[-1](self.directive, full_mname, self.indent)
             memberdocumenters.append((documenter, isattr))
-        member_order = self.options.member_order or \
-            self.env.config.autodoc_member_order
-        if member_order == 'groupwise':
-            # sort by group; relies on stable sort to keep items in the
-            # same group sorted alphabetically
-            memberdocumenters.sort(key=lambda e: e[0].member_order)
-        elif member_order == 'bysource' and self.analyzer:
-            # sort by source order, by virtue of the module analyzer
-            tagorder = self.analyzer.tagorder
 
-            def keyfunc(entry: Tuple[Documenter, bool]) -> int:
-                fullname = entry[0].name.split('::')[1]
-                return tagorder.get(fullname, len(tagorder))
-            memberdocumenters.sort(key=keyfunc)
+        member_order = self.options.member_order or self.env.config.autodoc_member_order
+        memberdocumenters = self.sort_members(memberdocumenters, member_order)
 
         for documenter, isattr in memberdocumenters:
             documenter.generate(
@@ -715,6 +728,31 @@ class Documenter:
         self.env.temp_data['autodoc:module'] = None
         self.env.temp_data['autodoc:class'] = None
 
+    def sort_members(self, documenters: List[Tuple["Documenter", bool]],
+                     order: str) -> List[Tuple["Documenter", bool]]:
+        """Sort the given member list."""
+        if order == 'groupwise':
+            # sort by group; alphabetically within groups
+            documenters.sort(key=lambda e: (e[0].member_order, e[0].name))
+        elif order == 'bysource':
+            if self.analyzer:
+                # sort by source order, by virtue of the module analyzer
+                tagorder = self.analyzer.tagorder
+
+                def keyfunc(entry: Tuple[Documenter, bool]) -> int:
+                    fullname = entry[0].name.split('::')[1]
+                    return tagorder.get(fullname, len(tagorder))
+                documenters.sort(key=keyfunc)
+            else:
+                # Assume that member discovery order matches source order.
+                # This is a reasonable assumption in Python 3.6 and up, where
+                # module.__dict__ is insertion-ordered.
+                pass
+        else:  # alphabetical
+            documenters.sort(key=lambda e: e[0].name)
+
+        return documenters
+
     def generate(self, more_content: Any = None, real_modname: str = None,
                  check_module: bool = False, all_members: bool = False) -> None:
         """Generate reST for the object given by *self.name*, and possibly for
@@ -812,7 +850,7 @@ class ModuleDocumenter(Documenter):
         'noindex': bool_option, 'inherited-members': inherited_members_option,
         'show-inheritance': bool_option, 'synopsis': identity,
         'platform': identity, 'deprecated': bool_option,
-        'member-order': identity, 'exclude-members': members_set_option,
+        'member-order': member_order_option, 'exclude-members': members_set_option,
         'private-members': bool_option, 'special-members': members_option,
         'imported-members': bool_option, 'ignore-module-all': bool_option
     }  # type: Dict[str, Callable]
@@ -820,6 +858,7 @@ class ModuleDocumenter(Documenter):
     def __init__(self, *args: Any) -> None:
         super().__init__(*args)
         merge_special_members_option(self.options)
+        self.__all__ = None
 
     @classmethod
     def can_document_member(cls, member: Any, membername: str, isattr: bool, parent: Any
@@ -842,6 +881,30 @@ class ModuleDocumenter(Documenter):
                            type='autodoc')
         return ret
 
+    def import_object(self) -> Any:
+        def is_valid_module_all(__all__: Any) -> bool:
+            """Check the given *__all__* is valid for a module."""
+            if (isinstance(__all__, (list, tuple)) and
+                    all(isinstance(e, str) for e in __all__)):
+                return True
+            else:
+                return False
+
+        ret = super().import_object()
+
+        if not self.options.ignore_module_all:
+            __all__ = getattr(self.object, '__all__', None)
+            if is_valid_module_all(__all__):
+                # valid __all__ found. copy it to self.__all__
+                self.__all__ = __all__
+            elif __all__:
+                # invalid __all__ found.
+                logger.warning(__('__all__ should be a list of strings, not %r '
+                                  '(in module %s) -- ignoring __all__') %
+                               (__all__, self.fullname), type='autodoc')
+
+        return ret
+
     def add_directive_header(self, sig: str) -> None:
         Documenter.add_directive_header(self, sig)
 
@@ -857,24 +920,12 @@ class ModuleDocumenter(Documenter):
 
     def get_object_members(self, want_all: bool) -> Tuple[bool, List[Tuple[str, Any]]]:
         if want_all:
-            if (self.options.ignore_module_all or not
-                    hasattr(self.object, '__all__')):
+            if self.__all__:
+                memberlist = self.__all__
+            else:
                 # for implicit module members, check __module__ to avoid
                 # documenting imported objects
                 return True, get_module_members(self.object)
-            else:
-                memberlist = self.object.__all__
-                # Sometimes __all__ is broken...
-                if not isinstance(memberlist, (list, tuple)) or not \
-                   all(isinstance(entry, str) for entry in memberlist):
-                    logger.warning(
-                        __('__all__ should be a list of strings, not %r '
-                           '(in module %s) -- ignoring __all__') %
-                        (memberlist, self.fullname),
-                        type='autodoc'
-                    )
-                    # fall back to all members
-                    return True, get_module_members(self.object)
         else:
             memberlist = self.options.members or []
         ret = []
@@ -890,6 +941,25 @@ class ModuleDocumenter(Documenter):
                 )
         return False, ret
 
+    def sort_members(self, documenters: List[Tuple["Documenter", bool]],
+                     order: str) -> List[Tuple["Documenter", bool]]:
+        if order == 'bysource' and self.__all__:
+            # Sort alphabetically first (for members not listed on the __all__)
+            documenters.sort(key=lambda e: e[0].name)
+
+            # Sort by __all__
+            def keyfunc(entry: Tuple[Documenter, bool]) -> int:
+                name = entry[0].name.split('::')[1]
+                if name in self.__all__:
+                    return self.__all__.index(name)
+                else:
+                    return len(self.__all__)
+            documenters.sort(key=keyfunc)
+
+            return documenters
+        else:
+            return super().sort_members(documenters, order)
+
 
 class ModuleLevelDocumenter(Documenter):
     """
@@ -961,41 +1031,71 @@ class DocstringSignatureMixin:
     Mixin for FunctionDocumenter and MethodDocumenter to provide the
     feature of reading the signature from the docstring.
     """
+    _new_docstrings = None  # type: List[List[str]]
+    _signatures = None      # type: List[str]
 
     def _find_signature(self) -> Tuple[str, str]:
+        # candidates of the object name
+        valid_names = [self.objpath[-1]]  # type: ignore
+        if isinstance(self, ClassDocumenter):
+            valid_names.append('__init__')
+            if hasattr(self.object, '__mro__'):
+                valid_names.extend(cls.__name__ for cls in self.object.__mro__)
+
         docstrings = self.get_doc()
         self._new_docstrings = docstrings[:]
+        self._signatures = []
         result = None
         for i, doclines in enumerate(docstrings):
-            # no lines in docstring, no match
-            if not doclines:
-                continue
-            # match first line of docstring against signature RE
-            match = py_ext_sig_re.match(doclines[0])
-            if not match:
-                continue
-            exmod, path, base, args, retann = match.groups()
-            # the base name must match ours
-            valid_names = [self.objpath[-1]]  # type: ignore
-            if isinstance(self, ClassDocumenter):
-                valid_names.append('__init__')
-                if hasattr(self.object, '__mro__'):
-                    valid_names.extend(cls.__name__ for cls in self.object.__mro__)
-            if base not in valid_names:
-                continue
-            # re-prepare docstring to ignore more leading indentation
-            tab_width = self.directive.state.document.settings.tab_width  # type: ignore
-            self._new_docstrings[i] = prepare_docstring('\n'.join(doclines[1:]),
-                                                        tabsize=tab_width)
-            result = args, retann
-            # don't look any further
-            break
+            for j, line in enumerate(doclines):
+                if not line:
+                    # no lines in docstring, no match
+                    break
+
+                if line.endswith('\\'):
+                    multiline = True
+                    line = line.rstrip('\\').rstrip()
+                else:
+                    multiline = False
+
+                # match first line of docstring against signature RE
+                match = py_ext_sig_re.match(line)
+                if not match:
+                    continue
+                exmod, path, base, args, retann = match.groups()
+
+                # the base name must match ours
+                if base not in valid_names:
+                    continue
+
+                # re-prepare docstring to ignore more leading indentation
+                tab_width = self.directive.state.document.settings.tab_width  # type: ignore
+                self._new_docstrings[i] = prepare_docstring('\n'.join(doclines[j + 1:]),
+                                                            tabsize=tab_width)
+
+                if result is None:
+                    # first signature
+                    result = args, retann
+                else:
+                    # subsequent signatures
+                    self._signatures.append("(%s) -> %s" % (args, retann))
+
+                if multiline:
+                    # the signature have multiple signatures on docstring
+                    continue
+                else:
+                    # don't look any further
+                    break
+
+            if result:
+                # finish the loop when signature found
+                break
+
         return result
 
     def get_doc(self, ignore: int = None) -> List[List[str]]:
-        lines = getattr(self, '_new_docstrings', None)
-        if lines is not None:
-            return lines
+        if self._new_docstrings is not None:
+            return self._new_docstrings
         return super().get_doc(ignore)  # type: ignore
 
     def format_signature(self, **kwargs: Any) -> str:
@@ -1005,7 +1105,11 @@ class DocstringSignatureMixin:
             result = self._find_signature()
             if result is not None:
                 self.args, self.retann = result
-        return super().format_signature(**kwargs)  # type: ignore
+        sig = super().format_signature(**kwargs)  # type: ignore
+        if self._signatures:
+            return "\n".join([sig] + self._signatures)
+        else:
+            return sig
 
 
 class DocstringStripSignatureMixin(DocstringSignatureMixin):
@@ -1087,6 +1191,7 @@ class FunctionDocumenter(DocstringSignatureMixin, ModuleLevelDocumenter):  # typ
 
                     documenter = FunctionDocumenter(self.directive, '')
                     documenter.object = func
+                    documenter.objpath = [None]
                     sigs.append(documenter.format_signature())
 
         return "\n".join(sigs)
@@ -1128,6 +1233,14 @@ class DecoratorDocumenter(FunctionDocumenter):
             return None
 
 
+# Types which have confusing metaclass signatures it would be best not to show.
+# These are listed by name, rather than storing the objects themselves, to avoid
+# needing to import the modules.
+_METACLASS_CALL_BLACKLIST = [
+    'enum.EnumMeta.__call__',
+]
+
+
 class ClassDocumenter(DocstringSignatureMixin, ModuleLevelDocumenter):  # type: ignore
     """
     Specialized Documenter subclass for classes.
@@ -1137,7 +1250,7 @@ class ClassDocumenter(DocstringSignatureMixin, ModuleLevelDocumenter):  # type:
     option_spec = {
         'members': members_option, 'undoc-members': bool_option,
         'noindex': bool_option, 'inherited-members': inherited_members_option,
-        'show-inheritance': bool_option, 'member-order': identity,
+        'show-inheritance': bool_option, 'member-order': member_order_option,
         'exclude-members': members_set_option,
         'private-members': bool_option, 'special-members': members_option,
     }  # type: Dict[str, Callable]
@@ -1162,27 +1275,83 @@ class ClassDocumenter(DocstringSignatureMixin, ModuleLevelDocumenter):  # type:
                 self.doc_as_attr = True
         return ret
 
+    def _get_signature(self) -> Optional[Signature]:
+        def get_user_defined_function_or_method(obj: Any, attr: str) -> Any:
+            """ Get the `attr` function or method from `obj`, if it is user-defined. """
+            if inspect.is_builtin_class_method(obj, attr):
+                return None
+            attr = self.get_attr(obj, attr, None)
+            if not (inspect.ismethod(attr) or inspect.isfunction(attr)):
+                return None
+            return attr
+
+        # This sequence is copied from inspect._signature_from_callable.
+        # ValueError means that no signature could be found, so we keep going.
+
+        # First, let's see if it has an overloaded __call__ defined
+        # in its metaclass
+        call = get_user_defined_function_or_method(type(self.object), '__call__')
+
+        if call is not None:
+            if "{0.__module__}.{0.__qualname__}".format(call) in _METACLASS_CALL_BLACKLIST:
+                call = None
+
+        if call is not None:
+            self.env.app.emit('autodoc-before-process-signature', call, True)
+            try:
+                return inspect.signature(call, bound_method=True)
+            except ValueError:
+                pass
+
+        # Now we check if the 'obj' class has a '__new__' method
+        new = get_user_defined_function_or_method(self.object, '__new__')
+        if new is not None:
+            self.env.app.emit('autodoc-before-process-signature', new, True)
+            try:
+                return inspect.signature(new, bound_method=True)
+            except ValueError:
+                pass
+
+        # Finally, we should have at least __init__ implemented
+        init = get_user_defined_function_or_method(self.object, '__init__')
+        if init is not None:
+            self.env.app.emit('autodoc-before-process-signature', init, True)
+            try:
+                return inspect.signature(init, bound_method=True)
+            except ValueError:
+                pass
+
+        # None of the attributes are user-defined, so fall back to let inspect
+        # handle it.
+        # We don't know the exact method that inspect.signature will read
+        # the signature from, so just pass the object itself to our hook.
+        self.env.app.emit('autodoc-before-process-signature', self.object, False)
+        try:
+            return inspect.signature(self.object, bound_method=False)
+        except ValueError:
+            pass
+
+        # Still no signature: happens e.g. for old-style classes
+        # with __init__ in C and no `__text_signature__`.
+        return None
+
     def format_args(self, **kwargs: Any) -> str:
         if self.env.config.autodoc_typehints in ('none', 'description'):
             kwargs.setdefault('show_annotation', False)
 
-        # for classes, the relevant signature is the __init__ method's
-        initmeth = self.get_attr(self.object, '__init__', None)
-        # classes without __init__ method, default __init__ or
-        # __init__ written in C?
-        if initmeth is None or \
-                inspect.is_builtin_class_method(self.object, '__init__') or \
-                not(inspect.ismethod(initmeth) or inspect.isfunction(initmeth)):
-            return None
         try:
-            self.env.app.emit('autodoc-before-process-signature', initmeth, True)
-            sig = inspect.signature(initmeth, bound_method=True)
-            return stringify_signature(sig, show_return_annotation=False, **kwargs)
-        except TypeError:
-            # still not possible: happens e.g. for old-style classes
-            # with __init__ in C
+            sig = self._get_signature()
+        except TypeError as exc:
+            # __signature__ attribute contained junk
+            logger.warning(__("Failed to get a constructor signature for %s: %s"),
+                           self.fullname, exc)
+            return None
+
+        if sig is None:
             return None
 
+        return stringify_signature(sig, show_return_annotation=False, **kwargs)
+
     def format_signature(self, **kwargs: Any) -> str:
         if self.doc_as_attr:
             return ''
@@ -1393,6 +1562,30 @@ class DataDeclarationDocumenter(DataDocumenter):
         super().add_content(more_content, no_docstring=True)
 
 
+class GenericAliasDocumenter(DataDocumenter):
+    """
+    Specialized Documenter subclass for GenericAliases.
+    """
+
+    objtype = 'genericalias'
+    directivetype = 'data'
+    priority = DataDocumenter.priority + 1
+
+    @classmethod
+    def can_document_member(cls, member: Any, membername: str, isattr: bool, parent: Any
+                            ) -> bool:
+        return inspect.isgenericalias(member)
+
+    def add_directive_header(self, sig: str) -> None:
+        self.options.annotation = SUPPRESS  # type: ignore
+        super().add_directive_header(sig)
+
+    def add_content(self, more_content: Any, no_docstring: bool = False) -> None:
+        name = stringify_typehint(self.object)
+        content = StringList([_('alias of %s') % name], source='')
+        super().add_content(content)
+
+
 class MethodDocumenter(DocstringSignatureMixin, ClassLevelDocumenter):  # type: ignore
     """
     Specialized Documenter subclass for methods (normal, static and class).
@@ -1751,6 +1944,7 @@ def setup(app: Sphinx) -> Dict[str, Any]:
     app.add_autodocumenter(ExceptionDocumenter)
     app.add_autodocumenter(DataDocumenter)
     app.add_autodocumenter(DataDeclarationDocumenter)
+    app.add_autodocumenter(GenericAliasDocumenter)
     app.add_autodocumenter(FunctionDocumenter)
     app.add_autodocumenter(DecoratorDocumenter)
     app.add_autodocumenter(MethodDocumenter)
@@ -1774,7 +1968,7 @@ def setup(app: Sphinx) -> Dict[str, Any]:
     app.add_event('autodoc-process-signature')
     app.add_event('autodoc-skip-member')
 
-    app.connect('config-inited', migrate_autodoc_member_order)
+    app.connect('config-inited', migrate_autodoc_member_order, priority=800)
 
     app.setup_extension('sphinx.ext.autodoc.type_comment')
     app.setup_extension('sphinx.ext.autodoc.typehints')
diff --git a/sphinx/ext/autosectionlabel.py b/sphinx/ext/autosectionlabel.py
index 9890cdf7d..4bb401791 100644
--- a/sphinx/ext/autosectionlabel.py
+++ b/sphinx/ext/autosectionlabel.py
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ from docutils import nodes
 from docutils.nodes import Node
 
 from sphinx.application import Sphinx
+from sphinx.domains.std import StandardDomain
 from sphinx.locale import __
 from sphinx.util import logging
 from sphinx.util.nodes import clean_astext
@@ -33,8 +34,7 @@ def get_node_depth(node: Node) -> int:
 
 
 def register_sections_as_label(app: Sphinx, document: Node) -> None:
-    labels = app.env.domaindata['std']['labels']
-    anonlabels = app.env.domaindata['std']['anonlabels']
+    domain = cast(StandardDomain, app.env.get_domain('std'))
     for node in document.traverse(nodes.section):
         if (app.config.autosectionlabel_maxdepth and
                 get_node_depth(node) >= app.config.autosectionlabel_maxdepth):
@@ -49,13 +49,13 @@ def register_sections_as_label(app: Sphinx, document: Node) -> None:
             name = nodes.fully_normalize_name(ref_name)
         sectname = clean_astext(title)
 
-        if name in labels:
+        if name in domain.labels:
             logger.warning(__('duplicate label %s, other instance in %s'),
-                           name, app.env.doc2path(labels[name][0]),
+                           name, app.env.doc2path(domain.labels[name][0]),
                            location=node, type='autosectionlabel', subtype=docname)
 
-        anonlabels[name] = docname, labelid
-        labels[name] = docname, labelid, sectname
+        domain.anonlabels[name] = docname, labelid
+        domain.labels[name] = docname, labelid, sectname
 
 
 def setup(app: Sphinx) -> Dict[str, Any]:
diff --git a/sphinx/ext/autosummary/__init__.py b/sphinx/ext/autosummary/__init__.py
index de493f4cf..bc8319a20 100644
--- a/sphinx/ext/autosummary/__init__.py
+++ b/sphinx/ext/autosummary/__init__.py
@@ -250,14 +250,13 @@ class Autosummary(SphinxDirective):
                 docname = posixpath.join(tree_prefix, real_name)
                 docname = posixpath.normpath(posixpath.join(dirname, docname))
                 if docname not in self.env.found_docs:
-                    location = self.state_machine.get_source_and_line(self.lineno)
                     if excluded(self.env.doc2path(docname, None)):
                         msg = __('autosummary references excluded document %r. Ignored.')
                     else:
                         msg = __('autosummary: stub file not found %r. '
                                  'Check your autosummary_generate setting.')
 
-                    logger.warning(msg, real_name, location=location)
+                    logger.warning(msg, real_name, location=self.get_source_info())
                     continue
 
                 docnames.append(docname)
@@ -298,7 +297,8 @@ class Autosummary(SphinxDirective):
                 with mock(self.config.autosummary_mock_imports):
                     real_name, obj, parent, modname = import_by_name(name, prefixes=prefixes)
             except ImportError:
-                logger.warning(__('autosummary: failed to import %s'), name)
+                logger.warning(__('autosummary: failed to import %s'), name,
+                               location=self.get_source_info())
                 continue
 
             self.bridge.result = StringList()  # initialize for each documenter
@@ -312,11 +312,13 @@ class Autosummary(SphinxDirective):
             doccls = get_documenter(self.env.app, obj, parent)
             documenter = doccls(self.bridge, full_name)
             if not documenter.parse_name():
-                logger.warning(__('failed to parse name %s'), real_name)
+                logger.warning(__('failed to parse name %s'), real_name,
+                               location=self.get_source_info())
                 items.append((display_name, '', '', real_name))
                 continue
             if not documenter.import_object():
-                logger.warning(__('failed to import object %s'), real_name)
+                logger.warning(__('failed to import object %s'), real_name,
+                               location=self.get_source_info())
                 items.append((display_name, '', '', real_name))
                 continue
             if documenter.options.members and not documenter.check_module():
diff --git a/sphinx/ext/autosummary/generate.py b/sphinx/ext/autosummary/generate.py
index 2faa7f4a1..cccbd1487 100644
--- a/sphinx/ext/autosummary/generate.py
+++ b/sphinx/ext/autosummary/generate.py
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@
 """
 
 import argparse
+import inspect
 import locale
 import os
 import pkgutil
@@ -42,6 +43,7 @@ from sphinx.deprecation import RemovedInSphinx50Warning
 from sphinx.ext.autodoc import Documenter
 from sphinx.ext.autosummary import import_by_name, get_documenter
 from sphinx.locale import __
+from sphinx.pycode import ModuleAnalyzer, PycodeError
 from sphinx.registry import SphinxComponentRegistry
 from sphinx.util import logging
 from sphinx.util import rst
@@ -85,14 +87,14 @@ def setup_documenters(app: Any) -> None:
         ModuleDocumenter, ClassDocumenter, ExceptionDocumenter, DataDocumenter,
         FunctionDocumenter, MethodDocumenter, AttributeDocumenter,
         InstanceAttributeDocumenter, DecoratorDocumenter, PropertyDocumenter,
-        SlotsAttributeDocumenter, DataDeclarationDocumenter,
+        SlotsAttributeDocumenter, DataDeclarationDocumenter, GenericAliasDocumenter,
         SingledispatchFunctionDocumenter,
     )
     documenters = [
         ModuleDocumenter, ClassDocumenter, ExceptionDocumenter, DataDocumenter,
         FunctionDocumenter, MethodDocumenter, AttributeDocumenter,
         InstanceAttributeDocumenter, DecoratorDocumenter, PropertyDocumenter,
-        SlotsAttributeDocumenter, DataDeclarationDocumenter,
+        SlotsAttributeDocumenter, DataDeclarationDocumenter, GenericAliasDocumenter,
         SingledispatchFunctionDocumenter,
     ]  # type: List[Type[Documenter]]
     for documenter in documenters:
@@ -137,11 +139,11 @@ class AutosummaryRenderer:
         if isinstance(app, (Sphinx, DummyApplication)):
             if app.translator:
                 self.env.add_extension("jinja2.ext.i18n")
-                self.env.install_gettext_translations(app.translator)  # type: ignore
+                self.env.install_gettext_translations(app.translator)
         elif isinstance(app, Builder):
             if app.app.translator:
                 self.env.add_extension("jinja2.ext.i18n")
-                self.env.install_gettext_translations(app.app.translator)  # type: ignore
+                self.env.install_gettext_translations(app.app.translator)
 
     def exists(self, template_name: str) -> bool:
         """Check if template file exists."""
@@ -171,6 +173,56 @@ class AutosummaryRenderer:
 # -- Generating output ---------------------------------------------------------
 
 
+class ModuleScanner:
+    def __init__(self, app: Any, obj: Any) -> None:
+        self.app = app
+        self.object = obj
+
+    def get_object_type(self, name: str, value: Any) -> str:
+        return get_documenter(self.app, value, self.object).objtype
+
+    def is_skipped(self, name: str, value: Any, objtype: str) -> bool:
+        try:
+            return self.app.emit_firstresult('autodoc-skip-member', objtype,
+                                             name, value, False, {})
+        except Exception as exc:
+            logger.warning(__('autosummary: failed to determine %r to be documented, '
+                              'the following exception was raised:\n%s'),
+                           name, exc, type='autosummary')
+            return False
+
+    def scan(self, imported_members: bool) -> List[str]:
+        members = []
+        for name in dir(self.object):
+            try:
+                value = safe_getattr(self.object, name)
+            except AttributeError:
+                value = None
+
+            objtype = self.get_object_type(name, value)
+            if self.is_skipped(name, value, objtype):
+                continue
+
+            try:
+                if inspect.ismodule(value):
+                    imported = True
+                elif safe_getattr(value, '__module__') != self.object.__name__:
+                    imported = True
+                else:
+                    imported = False
+            except AttributeError:
+                imported = False
+
+            if imported_members:
+                # list all members up
+                members.append(name)
+            elif imported is False:
+                # list not-imported members up
+                members.append(name)
+
+        return members
+
+
 def generate_autosummary_content(name: str, obj: Any, parent: Any,
                                  template: AutosummaryRenderer, template_name: str,
                                  imported_members: bool, app: Any,
@@ -214,6 +266,21 @@ def generate_autosummary_content(name: str, obj: Any, parent: Any,
                             public.append(name)
         return public, items
 
+    def get_module_attrs(members: Any) -> Tuple[List[str], List[str]]:
+        """Find module attributes with docstrings."""
+        attrs, public = [], []
+        try:
+            analyzer = ModuleAnalyzer.for_module(name)
+            attr_docs = analyzer.find_attr_docs()
+            for namespace, attr_name in attr_docs:
+                if namespace == '' and attr_name in members:
+                    attrs.append(attr_name)
+                    if not attr_name.startswith('_'):
+                        public.append(attr_name)
+        except PycodeError:
+            pass    # give up if ModuleAnalyzer fails to parse code
+        return public, attrs
+
     def get_modules(obj: Any) -> Tuple[List[str], List[str]]:
         items = []  # type: List[str]
         for _, modname, ispkg in pkgutil.iter_modules(obj.__path__):
@@ -226,13 +293,16 @@ def generate_autosummary_content(name: str, obj: Any, parent: Any,
     ns.update(context)
 
     if doc.objtype == 'module':
-        ns['members'] = dir(obj)
+        scanner = ModuleScanner(app, obj)
+        ns['members'] = scanner.scan(imported_members)
         ns['functions'], ns['all_functions'] = \
             get_members(obj, {'function'}, imported=imported_members)
         ns['classes'], ns['all_classes'] = \
             get_members(obj, {'class'}, imported=imported_members)
         ns['exceptions'], ns['all_exceptions'] = \
             get_members(obj, {'exception'}, imported=imported_members)
+        ns['attributes'], ns['all_attributes'] = \
+            get_module_attrs(ns['members'])
         ispackage = hasattr(obj, '__path__')
         if ispackage and recursive:
             ns['modules'], ns['all_modules'] = get_modules(obj)
diff --git a/sphinx/ext/autosummary/templates/autosummary/module.rst b/sphinx/ext/autosummary/templates/autosummary/module.rst
index 5b70d5c40..3a93e872a 100644
--- a/sphinx/ext/autosummary/templates/autosummary/module.rst
+++ b/sphinx/ext/autosummary/templates/autosummary/module.rst
@@ -2,6 +2,17 @@
 
 .. automodule:: {{ fullname }}
 
+   {% block attributes %}
+   {% if attributes %}
+   .. rubric:: Module Attributes
+
+   .. autosummary::
+   {% for item in attributes %}
+      {{ item }}
+   {%- endfor %}
+   {% endif %}
+   {% endblock %}
+
    {% block functions %}
    {% if functions %}
    .. rubric:: {{ _('Functions') }}
diff --git a/sphinx/ext/mathjax.py b/sphinx/ext/mathjax.py
index e13dcbeb7..cc3cd4ba3 100644
--- a/sphinx/ext/mathjax.py
+++ b/sphinx/ext/mathjax.py
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ def setup(app: Sphinx) -> Dict[str, Any]:
     # more information for mathjax secure url is here:
     # https://docs.mathjax.org/en/latest/start.html#secure-access-to-the-cdn
     app.add_config_value('mathjax_path',
-                         'https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.5/latest.js?'
+                         'https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.7/latest.js?'
                          'config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML', 'html')
     app.add_config_value('mathjax_options', {}, 'html')
     app.add_config_value('mathjax_inline', [r'\(', r'\)'], 'html')
diff --git a/sphinx/ext/napoleon/docstring.py b/sphinx/ext/napoleon/docstring.py
index acfc9977f..ea26d76bb 100644
--- a/sphinx/ext/napoleon/docstring.py
+++ b/sphinx/ext/napoleon/docstring.py
@@ -314,7 +314,7 @@ class GoogleDocstring:
             return [line[min_indent:] for line in lines]
 
     def _escape_args_and_kwargs(self, name: str) -> str:
-        if name.endswith('_'):
+        if name.endswith('_') and getattr(self._config, 'strip_signature_backslash', False):
             name = name[:-1] + r'\_'
 
         if name[:2] == '**':
diff --git a/sphinx/jinja2glue.py b/sphinx/jinja2glue.py
index a097888a1..5829c2250 100644
--- a/sphinx/jinja2glue.py
+++ b/sphinx/jinja2glue.py
@@ -186,7 +186,7 @@ class BuiltinTemplateLoader(TemplateBridge, BaseLoader):
         self.environment.globals['accesskey'] = contextfunction(accesskey)
         self.environment.globals['idgen'] = idgen
         if use_i18n:
-            self.environment.install_gettext_translations(builder.app.translator)  # type: ignore  # NOQA
+            self.environment.install_gettext_translations(builder.app.translator)
 
     def render(self, template: str, context: Dict) -> str:  # type: ignore
         return self.environment.get_template(template).render(context)
diff --git a/sphinx/registry.py b/sphinx/registry.py
index 31733c1b3..c36671103 100644
--- a/sphinx/registry.py
+++ b/sphinx/registry.py
@@ -97,6 +97,8 @@ class SphinxComponentRegistry:
         #: LaTeX packages; list of package names and its options
         self.latex_packages = []        # type: List[Tuple[str, str]]
 
+        self.latex_packages_after_hyperref = []     # type: List[Tuple[str, str]]
+
         #: post transforms; list of transforms
         self.post_transforms = []       # type: List[Type[Transform]]
 
@@ -362,9 +364,12 @@ class SphinxComponentRegistry:
         logger.debug('[app] adding js_file: %r, %r', filename, attributes)
         self.js_files.append((filename, attributes))
 
-    def add_latex_package(self, name: str, options: str) -> None:
+    def add_latex_package(self, name: str, options: str, after_hyperref: bool = False) -> None:
         logger.debug('[app] adding latex package: %r', name)
-        self.latex_packages.append((name, options))
+        if after_hyperref:
+            self.latex_packages_after_hyperref.append((name, options))
+        else:
+            self.latex_packages.append((name, options))
 
     def add_enumerable_node(self, node: "Type[Node]", figtype: str,
                             title_getter: TitleGetter = None, override: bool = False) -> None:
diff --git a/sphinx/search/__init__.py b/sphinx/search/__init__.py
index 16b41291d..a268266b5 100644
--- a/sphinx/search/__init__.py
+++ b/sphinx/search/__init__.py
@@ -288,8 +288,8 @@ class IndexBuilder:
            frozen.get('envversion') != self.env.version:
             raise ValueError('old format')
         index2fn = frozen['docnames']
-        self._filenames = dict(zip(index2fn, frozen['filenames']))
-        self._titles = dict(zip(index2fn, frozen['titles']))
+        self._filenames = dict(zip(index2fn, frozen['filenames']))  # type: ignore
+        self._titles = dict(zip(index2fn, frozen['titles']))  # type: ignore
 
         def load_terms(mapping: Dict[str, Any]) -> Dict[str, Set[str]]:
             rv = {}
@@ -350,13 +350,13 @@ class IndexBuilder:
     def get_terms(self, fn2index: Dict) -> Tuple[Dict[str, List[str]], Dict[str, List[str]]]:
         rvs = {}, {}  # type: Tuple[Dict[str, List[str]], Dict[str, List[str]]]
         for rv, mapping in zip(rvs, (self._mapping, self._title_mapping)):
-            for k, v in mapping.items():
+            for k, v in mapping.items():  # type: ignore
                 if len(v) == 1:
                     fn, = v
                     if fn in fn2index:
-                        rv[k] = fn2index[fn]
+                        rv[k] = fn2index[fn]  # type: ignore
                 else:
-                    rv[k] = sorted([fn2index[fn] for fn in v if fn in fn2index])
+                    rv[k] = sorted([fn2index[fn] for fn in v if fn in fn2index])  # type: ignore  # NOQA
         return rvs
 
     def freeze(self) -> Dict[str, Any]:
diff --git a/sphinx/templates/latex/latex.tex_t b/sphinx/templates/latex/latex.tex_t
index a0a5a26b1..5082254e7 100644
--- a/sphinx/templates/latex/latex.tex_t
+++ b/sphinx/templates/latex/latex.tex_t
@@ -46,6 +46,14 @@
 <%- endfor %>
 
 <%= hyperref %>
+<%- for name, option in packages_after_hyperref %>
+<%- if option %>
+\usepackage[<%= option %>]{<%= name %>}
+<%- else %>
+\usepackage{<%= name %>}
+<%- endif %>
+<%- endfor %>
+
 <%= contentsname %>
 \usepackage{sphinxmessages}
 <%= tocdepth %>
diff --git a/sphinx/templates/quickstart/make.bat_t b/sphinx/templates/quickstart/make.bat_t
index 774585566..830cf656e 100644
--- a/sphinx/templates/quickstart/make.bat_t
+++ b/sphinx/templates/quickstart/make.bat_t
@@ -27,9 +27,9 @@ if "%1" == "help" (
 	echo.  pickle     to make pickle files
 	echo.  json       to make JSON files
 	echo.  htmlhelp   to make HTML files and an HTML help project
-	echo.  qthelp     to make HTML files and a qthelp project
+	echo.  qthelp     to make HTML files and a Qt help project
 	echo.  devhelp    to make HTML files and a Devhelp project
-	echo.  epub       to make an epub
+	echo.  epub       to make an EPUB
 	echo.  latex      to make LaTeX files (you can set PAPER=a4 or PAPER=letter)
 	echo.  latexpdf   to make LaTeX files and then PDFs out of them
 	echo.  text       to make text files
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ if errorlevel 9009 (
 	echo.may add the Sphinx directory to PATH.
 	echo.
 	echo.If you don't have Sphinx installed, grab it from
-	echo.http://sphinx-doc.org/
+	echo.https://sphinx-doc.org/
 	exit /b 1
 )
 
diff --git a/sphinx/themes/basic/layout.html b/sphinx/themes/basic/layout.html
index 685e548fb..50feffd71 100644
--- a/sphinx/themes/basic/layout.html
+++ b/sphinx/themes/basic/layout.html
@@ -120,6 +120,7 @@
     {%- else %}
     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset={{ encoding }}" />
     {%- endif %}
+    <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1.0">
     {{- metatags }}
     {%- block htmltitle %}
     <title>{{ title|striptags|e }}{{ titlesuffix }}</title>
diff --git a/sphinx/themes/basic/static/jquery-3.4.1.js b/sphinx/themes/basic/static/jquery-3.5.1.js
index 773ad95c5..50937333b 100644
--- a/sphinx/themes/basic/static/jquery-3.4.1.js
+++ b/sphinx/themes/basic/static/jquery-3.5.1.js
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 /*!
- * jQuery JavaScript Library v3.4.1
+ * jQuery JavaScript Library v3.5.1
  * https://jquery.com/
  *
  * Includes Sizzle.js
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@
  * Released under the MIT license
  * https://jquery.org/license
  *
- * Date: 2019-05-01T21:04Z
+ * Date: 2020-05-04T22:49Z
  */
 ( function( global, factory ) {
 
@@ -47,13 +47,16 @@
 
 var arr = [];
 
-var document = window.document;
-
 var getProto = Object.getPrototypeOf;
 
 var slice = arr.slice;
 
-var concat = arr.concat;
+var flat = arr.flat ? function( array ) {
+	return arr.flat.call( array );
+} : function( array ) {
+	return arr.concat.apply( [], array );
+};
+
 
 var push = arr.push;
 
@@ -86,6 +89,8 @@ var isWindow = function isWindow( obj ) {
 	};
 
 
+var document = window.document;
+
 
 
 	var preservedScriptAttributes = {
@@ -142,7 +147,7 @@ function toType( obj ) {
 
 
 var
-	version = "3.4.1",
+	version = "3.5.1",
 
 	// Define a local copy of jQuery
 	jQuery = function( selector, context ) {
@@ -150,11 +155,7 @@ var
 		// The jQuery object is actually just the init constructor 'enhanced'
 		// Need init if jQuery is called (just allow error to be thrown if not included)
 		return new jQuery.fn.init( selector, context );
-	},
-
-	// Support: Android <=4.0 only
-	// Make sure we trim BOM and NBSP
-	rtrim = /^[\s\uFEFF\xA0]+|[\s\uFEFF\xA0]+$/g;
+	};
 
 jQuery.fn = jQuery.prototype = {
 
@@ -220,6 +221,18 @@ jQuery.fn = jQuery.prototype = {
 		return this.eq( -1 );
 	},
 
+	even: function() {
+		return this.pushStack( jQuery.grep( this, function( _elem, i ) {
+			return ( i + 1 ) % 2;
+		} ) );
+	},
+
+	odd: function() {
+		return this.pushStack( jQuery.grep( this, function( _elem, i ) {
+			return i % 2;
+		} ) );
+	},
+
 	eq: function( i ) {
 		var len = this.length,
 			j = +i + ( i < 0 ? len : 0 );
@@ -353,9 +366,10 @@ jQuery.extend( {
 		return true;
 	},
 
-	// Evaluates a script in a global context
-	globalEval: function( code, options ) {
-		DOMEval( code, { nonce: options && options.nonce } );
+	// Evaluates a script in a provided context; falls back to the global one
+	// if not specified.
+	globalEval: function( code, options, doc ) {
+		DOMEval( code, { nonce: options && options.nonce }, doc );
 	},
 
 	each: function( obj, callback ) {
@@ -379,13 +393,6 @@ jQuery.extend( {
 		return obj;
 	},
 
-	// Support: Android <=4.0 only
-	trim: function( text ) {
-		return text == null ?
-			"" :
-			( text + "" ).replace( rtrim, "" );
-	},
-
 	// results is for internal usage only
 	makeArray: function( arr, results ) {
 		var ret = results || [];
@@ -472,7 +479,7 @@ jQuery.extend( {
 		}
 
 		// Flatten any nested arrays
-		return concat.apply( [], ret );
+		return flat( ret );
 	},
 
 	// A global GUID counter for objects
@@ -489,7 +496,7 @@ if ( typeof Symbol === "function" ) {
 
 // Populate the class2type map
 jQuery.each( "Boolean Number String Function Array Date RegExp Object Error Symbol".split( " " ),
-function( i, name ) {
+function( _i, name ) {
 	class2type[ "[object " + name + "]" ] = name.toLowerCase();
 } );
 
@@ -511,17 +518,16 @@ function isArrayLike( obj ) {
 }
 var Sizzle =
 /*!
- * Sizzle CSS Selector Engine v2.3.4
+ * Sizzle CSS Selector Engine v2.3.5
  * https://sizzlejs.com/
  *
  * Copyright JS Foundation and other contributors
  * Released under the MIT license
  * https://js.foundation/
  *
- * Date: 2019-04-08
+ * Date: 2020-03-14
  */
-(function( window ) {
-
+( function( window ) {
 var i,
 	support,
 	Expr,
@@ -561,59 +567,70 @@ var i,
 	},
 
 	// Instance methods
-	hasOwn = ({}).hasOwnProperty,
+	hasOwn = ( {} ).hasOwnProperty,
 	arr = [],
 	pop = arr.pop,
-	push_native = arr.push,
+	pushNative = arr.push,
 	push = arr.push,
 	slice = arr.slice,
+
 	// Use a stripped-down indexOf as it's faster than native
 	// https://jsperf.com/thor-indexof-vs-for/5
 	indexOf = function( list, elem ) {
 		var i = 0,
 			len = list.length;
 		for ( ; i < len; i++ ) {
-			if ( list[i] === elem ) {
+			if ( list[ i ] === elem ) {
 				return i;
 			}
 		}
 		return -1;
 	},
 
-	booleans = "checked|selected|async|autofocus|autoplay|controls|defer|disabled|hidden|ismap|loop|multiple|open|readonly|required|scoped",
+	booleans = "checked|selected|async|autofocus|autoplay|controls|defer|disabled|hidden|" +
+		"ismap|loop|multiple|open|readonly|required|scoped",
 
 	// Regular expressions
 
 	// http://www.w3.org/TR/css3-selectors/#whitespace
 	whitespace = "[\\x20\\t\\r\\n\\f]",
 
-	// http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/syndata.html#value-def-identifier
-	identifier = "(?:\\\\.|[\\w-]|[^\0-\\xa0])+",
+	// https://www.w3.org/TR/css-syntax-3/#ident-token-diagram
+	identifier = "(?:\\\\[\\da-fA-F]{1,6}" + whitespace +
+		"?|\\\\[^\\r\\n\\f]|[\\w-]|[^\0-\\x7f])+",
 
 	// Attribute selectors: http://www.w3.org/TR/selectors/#attribute-selectors
 	attributes = "\\[" + whitespace + "*(" + identifier + ")(?:" + whitespace +
+
 		// Operator (capture 2)
 		"*([*^$|!~]?=)" + whitespace +
-		// "Attribute values must be CSS identifiers [capture 5] or strings [capture 3 or capture 4]"
-		"*(?:'((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\'])*)'|\"((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\\"])*)\"|(" + identifier + "))|)" + whitespace +
-		"*\\]",
+
+		// "Attribute values must be CSS identifiers [capture 5]
+		// or strings [capture 3 or capture 4]"
+		"*(?:'((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\'])*)'|\"((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\\"])*)\"|(" + identifier + "))|)" +
+		whitespace + "*\\]",
 
 	pseudos = ":(" + identifier + ")(?:\\((" +
+
 		// To reduce the number of selectors needing tokenize in the preFilter, prefer arguments:
 		// 1. quoted (capture 3; capture 4 or capture 5)
 		"('((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\'])*)'|\"((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\\"])*)\")|" +
+
 		// 2. simple (capture 6)
 		"((?:\\\\.|[^\\\\()[\\]]|" + attributes + ")*)|" +
+
 		// 3. anything else (capture 2)
 		".*" +
 		")\\)|)",
 
 	// Leading and non-escaped trailing whitespace, capturing some non-whitespace characters preceding the latter
 	rwhitespace = new RegExp( whitespace + "+", "g" ),
-	rtrim = new RegExp( "^" + whitespace + "+|((?:^|[^\\\\])(?:\\\\.)*)" + whitespace + "+$", "g" ),
+	rtrim = new RegExp( "^" + whitespace + "+|((?:^|[^\\\\])(?:\\\\.)*)" +
+		whitespace + "+$", "g" ),
 
 	rcomma = new RegExp( "^" + whitespace + "*," + whitespace + "*" ),
-	rcombinators = new RegExp( "^" + whitespace + "*([>+~]|" + whitespace + ")" + whitespace + "*" ),
+	rcombinators = new RegExp( "^" + whitespace + "*([>+~]|" + whitespace + ")" + whitespace +
+		"*" ),
 	rdescend = new RegExp( whitespace + "|>" ),
 
 	rpseudo = new RegExp( pseudos ),
@@ -625,14 +642,16 @@ var i,
 		"TAG": new RegExp( "^(" + identifier + "|[*])" ),
 		"ATTR": new RegExp( "^" + attributes ),
 		"PSEUDO": new RegExp( "^" + pseudos ),
-		"CHILD": new RegExp( "^:(only|first|last|nth|nth-last)-(child|of-type)(?:\\(" + whitespace +
-			"*(even|odd|(([+-]|)(\\d*)n|)" + whitespace + "*(?:([+-]|)" + whitespace +
-			"*(\\d+)|))" + whitespace + "*\\)|)", "i" ),
+		"CHILD": new RegExp( "^:(only|first|last|nth|nth-last)-(child|of-type)(?:\\(" +
+			whitespace + "*(even|odd|(([+-]|)(\\d*)n|)" + whitespace + "*(?:([+-]|)" +
+			whitespace + "*(\\d+)|))" + whitespace + "*\\)|)", "i" ),
 		"bool": new RegExp( "^(?:" + booleans + ")$", "i" ),
+
 		// For use in libraries implementing .is()
 		// We use this for POS matching in `select`
-		"needsContext": new RegExp( "^" + whitespace + "*[>+~]|:(even|odd|eq|gt|lt|nth|first|last)(?:\\(" +
-			whitespace + "*((?:-\\d)?\\d*)" + whitespace + "*\\)|)(?=[^-]|$)", "i" )
+		"needsContext": new RegExp( "^" + whitespace +
+			"*[>+~]|:(even|odd|eq|gt|lt|nth|first|last)(?:\\(" + whitespace +
+			"*((?:-\\d)?\\d*)" + whitespace + "*\\)|)(?=[^-]|$)", "i" )
 	},
 
 	rhtml = /HTML$/i,
@@ -648,18 +667,21 @@ var i,
 
 	// CSS escapes
 	// http://www.w3.org/TR/CSS21/syndata.html#escaped-characters
-	runescape = new RegExp( "\\\\([\\da-f]{1,6}" + whitespace + "?|(" + whitespace + ")|.)", "ig" ),
-	funescape = function( _, escaped, escapedWhitespace ) {
-		var high = "0x" + escaped - 0x10000;
-		// NaN means non-codepoint
-		// Support: Firefox<24
-		// Workaround erroneous numeric interpretation of +"0x"
-		return high !== high || escapedWhitespace ?
-			escaped :
+	runescape = new RegExp( "\\\\[\\da-fA-F]{1,6}" + whitespace + "?|\\\\([^\\r\\n\\f])", "g" ),
+	funescape = function( escape, nonHex ) {
+		var high = "0x" + escape.slice( 1 ) - 0x10000;
+
+		return nonHex ?
+
+			// Strip the backslash prefix from a non-hex escape sequence
+			nonHex :
+
+			// Replace a hexadecimal escape sequence with the encoded Unicode code point
+			// Support: IE <=11+
+			// For values outside the Basic Multilingual Plane (BMP), manually construct a
+			// surrogate pair
 			high < 0 ?
-				// BMP codepoint
 				String.fromCharCode( high + 0x10000 ) :
-				// Supplemental Plane codepoint (surrogate pair)
 				String.fromCharCode( high >> 10 | 0xD800, high & 0x3FF | 0xDC00 );
 	},
 
@@ -675,7 +697,8 @@ var i,
 			}
 
 			// Control characters and (dependent upon position) numbers get escaped as code points
-			return ch.slice( 0, -1 ) + "\\" + ch.charCodeAt( ch.length - 1 ).toString( 16 ) + " ";
+			return ch.slice( 0, -1 ) + "\\" +
+				ch.charCodeAt( ch.length - 1 ).toString( 16 ) + " ";
 		}
 
 		// Other potentially-special ASCII characters get backslash-escaped
@@ -700,18 +723,20 @@ var i,
 // Optimize for push.apply( _, NodeList )
 try {
 	push.apply(
-		(arr = slice.call( preferredDoc.childNodes )),
+		( arr = slice.call( preferredDoc.childNodes ) ),
 		preferredDoc.childNodes
 	);
+
 	// Support: Android<4.0
 	// Detect silently failing push.apply
+	// eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-expressions
 	arr[ preferredDoc.childNodes.length ].nodeType;
 } catch ( e ) {
 	push = { apply: arr.length ?
 
 		// Leverage slice if possible
 		function( target, els ) {
-			push_native.apply( target, slice.call(els) );
+			pushNative.apply( target, slice.call( els ) );
 		} :
 
 		// Support: IE<9
@@ -719,8 +744,9 @@ try {
 		function( target, els ) {
 			var j = target.length,
 				i = 0;
+
 			// Can't trust NodeList.length
-			while ( (target[j++] = els[i++]) ) {}
+			while ( ( target[ j++ ] = els[ i++ ] ) ) {}
 			target.length = j - 1;
 		}
 	};
@@ -744,24 +770,21 @@ function Sizzle( selector, context, results, seed ) {
 
 	// Try to shortcut find operations (as opposed to filters) in HTML documents
 	if ( !seed ) {
-
-		if ( ( context ? context.ownerDocument || context : preferredDoc ) !== document ) {
-			setDocument( context );
-		}
+		setDocument( context );
 		context = context || document;
 
 		if ( documentIsHTML ) {
 
 			// If the selector is sufficiently simple, try using a "get*By*" DOM method
 			// (excepting DocumentFragment context, where the methods don't exist)
-			if ( nodeType !== 11 && (match = rquickExpr.exec( selector )) ) {
+			if ( nodeType !== 11 && ( match = rquickExpr.exec( selector ) ) ) {
 
 				// ID selector
-				if ( (m = match[1]) ) {
+				if ( ( m = match[ 1 ] ) ) {
 
 					// Document context
 					if ( nodeType === 9 ) {
-						if ( (elem = context.getElementById( m )) ) {
+						if ( ( elem = context.getElementById( m ) ) ) {
 
 							// Support: IE, Opera, Webkit
 							// TODO: identify versions
@@ -780,7 +803,7 @@ function Sizzle( selector, context, results, seed ) {
 						// Support: IE, Opera, Webkit
 						// TODO: identify versions
 						// getElementById can match elements by name instead of ID
-						if ( newContext && (elem = newContext.getElementById( m )) &&
+						if ( newContext && ( elem = newContext.getElementById( m ) ) &&
 							contains( context, elem ) &&
 							elem.id === m ) {
 
@@ -790,12 +813,12 @@ function Sizzle( selector, context, results, seed ) {
 					}
 
 				// Type selector
-				} else if ( match[2] ) {
+				} else if ( match[ 2 ] ) {
 					push.apply( results, context.getElementsByTagName( selector ) );
 					return results;
 
 				// Class selector
-				} else if ( (m = match[3]) && support.getElementsByClassName &&
+				} else if ( ( m = match[ 3 ] ) && support.getElementsByClassName &&
 					context.getElementsByClassName ) {
 
 					push.apply( results, context.getElementsByClassName( m ) );
@@ -806,11 +829,11 @@ function Sizzle( selector, context, results, seed ) {
 			// Take advantage of querySelectorAll
 			if ( support.qsa &&
 				!nonnativeSelectorCache[ selector + " " ] &&
-				(!rbuggyQSA || !rbuggyQSA.test( selector )) &&
+				( !rbuggyQSA || !rbuggyQSA.test( selector ) ) &&
 
 				// Support: IE 8 only
 				// Exclude object elements
-				(nodeType !== 1 || context.nodeName.toLowerCase() !== "object") ) {
+				( nodeType !== 1 || context.nodeName.toLowerCase() !== "object" ) ) {
 
 				newSelector = selector;
 				newContext = context;
@@ -819,27 +842,36 @@ function Sizzle( selector, context, results, seed ) {
 				// descendant combinators, which is not what we want.
 				// In such cases, we work around the behavior by prefixing every selector in the
 				// list with an ID selector referencing the scope context.
+				// The technique has to be used as well when a leading combinator is used
+				// as such selectors are not recognized by querySelectorAll.
 				// Thanks to Andrew Dupont for this technique.
-				if ( nodeType === 1 && rdescend.test( selector ) ) {
+				if ( nodeType === 1 &&
+					( rdescend.test( selector ) || rcombinators.test( selector ) ) ) {
 
-					// Capture the context ID, setting it first if necessary
-					if ( (nid = context.getAttribute( "id" )) ) {
-						nid = nid.replace( rcssescape, fcssescape );
-					} else {
-						context.setAttribute( "id", (nid = expando) );
+					// Expand context for sibling selectors
+					newContext = rsibling.test( selector ) && testContext( context.parentNode ) ||
+						context;
+
+					// We can use :scope instead of the ID hack if the browser
+					// supports it & if we're not changing the context.
+					if ( newContext !== context || !support.scope ) {
+
+						// Capture the context ID, setting it first if necessary
+						if ( ( nid = context.getAttribute( "id" ) ) ) {
+							nid = nid.replace( rcssescape, fcssescape );
+						} else {
+							context.setAttribute( "id", ( nid = expando ) );
+						}
 					}
 
 					// Prefix every selector in the list
 					groups = tokenize( selector );
 					i = groups.length;
 					while ( i-- ) {
-						groups[i] = "#" + nid + " " + toSelector( groups[i] );
+						groups[ i ] = ( nid ? "#" + nid : ":scope" ) + " " +
+							toSelector( groups[ i ] );
 					}
 					newSelector = groups.join( "," );
-
-					// Expand context for sibling selectors
-					newContext = rsibling.test( selector ) && testContext( context.parentNode ) ||
-						context;
 				}
 
 				try {
@@ -872,12 +904,14 @@ function createCache() {
 	var keys = [];
 
 	function cache( key, value ) {
+
 		// Use (key + " ") to avoid collision with native prototype properties (see Issue #157)
 		if ( keys.push( key + " " ) > Expr.cacheLength ) {
+
 			// Only keep the most recent entries
 			delete cache[ keys.shift() ];
 		}
-		return (cache[ key + " " ] = value);
+		return ( cache[ key + " " ] = value );
 	}
 	return cache;
 }
@@ -896,17 +930,19 @@ function markFunction( fn ) {
  * @param {Function} fn Passed the created element and returns a boolean result
  */
 function assert( fn ) {
-	var el = document.createElement("fieldset");
+	var el = document.createElement( "fieldset" );
 
 	try {
 		return !!fn( el );
-	} catch (e) {
+	} catch ( e ) {
 		return false;
 	} finally {
+
 		// Remove from its parent by default
 		if ( el.parentNode ) {
 			el.parentNode.removeChild( el );
 		}
+
 		// release memory in IE
 		el = null;
 	}
@@ -918,11 +954,11 @@ function assert( fn ) {
  * @param {Function} handler The method that will be applied
  */
 function addHandle( attrs, handler ) {
-	var arr = attrs.split("|"),
+	var arr = attrs.split( "|" ),
 		i = arr.length;
 
 	while ( i-- ) {
-		Expr.attrHandle[ arr[i] ] = handler;
+		Expr.attrHandle[ arr[ i ] ] = handler;
 	}
 }
 
@@ -944,7 +980,7 @@ function siblingCheck( a, b ) {
 
 	// Check if b follows a
 	if ( cur ) {
-		while ( (cur = cur.nextSibling) ) {
+		while ( ( cur = cur.nextSibling ) ) {
 			if ( cur === b ) {
 				return -1;
 			}
@@ -972,7 +1008,7 @@ function createInputPseudo( type ) {
 function createButtonPseudo( type ) {
 	return function( elem ) {
 		var name = elem.nodeName.toLowerCase();
-		return (name === "input" || name === "button") && elem.type === type;
+		return ( name === "input" || name === "button" ) && elem.type === type;
 	};
 }
 
@@ -1015,7 +1051,7 @@ function createDisabledPseudo( disabled ) {
 					// Where there is no isDisabled, check manually
 					/* jshint -W018 */
 					elem.isDisabled !== !disabled &&
-						inDisabledFieldset( elem ) === disabled;
+					inDisabledFieldset( elem ) === disabled;
 			}
 
 			return elem.disabled === disabled;
@@ -1037,21 +1073,21 @@ function createDisabledPseudo( disabled ) {
  * @param {Function} fn
  */
 function createPositionalPseudo( fn ) {
-	return markFunction(function( argument ) {
+	return markFunction( function( argument ) {
 		argument = +argument;
-		return markFunction(function( seed, matches ) {
+		return markFunction( function( seed, matches ) {
 			var j,
 				matchIndexes = fn( [], seed.length, argument ),
 				i = matchIndexes.length;
 
 			// Match elements found at the specified indexes
 			while ( i-- ) {
-				if ( seed[ (j = matchIndexes[i]) ] ) {
-					seed[j] = !(matches[j] = seed[j]);
+				if ( seed[ ( j = matchIndexes[ i ] ) ] ) {
+					seed[ j ] = !( matches[ j ] = seed[ j ] );
 				}
 			}
-		});
-	});
+		} );
+	} );
 }
 
 /**
@@ -1073,7 +1109,7 @@ support = Sizzle.support = {};
  */
 isXML = Sizzle.isXML = function( elem ) {
 	var namespace = elem.namespaceURI,
-		docElem = (elem.ownerDocument || elem).documentElement;
+		docElem = ( elem.ownerDocument || elem ).documentElement;
 
 	// Support: IE <=8
 	// Assume HTML when documentElement doesn't yet exist, such as inside loading iframes
@@ -1091,7 +1127,11 @@ setDocument = Sizzle.setDocument = function( node ) {
 		doc = node ? node.ownerDocument || node : preferredDoc;
 
 	// Return early if doc is invalid or already selected
-	if ( doc === document || doc.nodeType !== 9 || !doc.documentElement ) {
+	// Support: IE 11+, Edge 17 - 18+
+	// IE/Edge sometimes throw a "Permission denied" error when strict-comparing
+	// two documents; shallow comparisons work.
+	// eslint-disable-next-line eqeqeq
+	if ( doc == document || doc.nodeType !== 9 || !doc.documentElement ) {
 		return document;
 	}
 
@@ -1100,10 +1140,14 @@ setDocument = Sizzle.setDocument = function( node ) {
 	docElem = document.documentElement;
 	documentIsHTML = !isXML( document );
 
-	// Support: IE 9-11, Edge
+	// Support: IE 9 - 11+, Edge 12 - 18+
 	// Accessing iframe documents after unload throws "permission denied" errors (jQuery #13936)
-	if ( preferredDoc !== document &&
-		(subWindow = document.defaultView) && subWindow.top !== subWindow ) {
+	// Support: IE 11+, Edge 17 - 18+
+	// IE/Edge sometimes throw a "Permission denied" error when strict-comparing
+	// two documents; shallow comparisons work.
+	// eslint-disable-next-line eqeqeq
+	if ( preferredDoc != document &&
+		( subWindow = document.defaultView ) && subWindow.top !== subWindow ) {
 
 		// Support: IE 11, Edge
 		if ( subWindow.addEventListener ) {
@@ -1115,25 +1159,36 @@ setDocument = Sizzle.setDocument = function( node ) {
 		}
 	}
 
+	// Support: IE 8 - 11+, Edge 12 - 18+, Chrome <=16 - 25 only, Firefox <=3.6 - 31 only,
+	// Safari 4 - 5 only, Opera <=11.6 - 12.x only
+	// IE/Edge & older browsers don't support the :scope pseudo-class.
+	// Support: Safari 6.0 only
+	// Safari 6.0 supports :scope but it's an alias of :root there.
+	support.scope = assert( function( el ) {
+		docElem.appendChild( el ).appendChild( document.createElement( "div" ) );
+		return typeof el.querySelectorAll !== "undefined" &&
+			!el.querySelectorAll( ":scope fieldset div" ).length;
+	} );
+
 	/* Attributes
 	---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
 	// Support: IE<8
 	// Verify that getAttribute really returns attributes and not properties
 	// (excepting IE8 booleans)
-	support.attributes = assert(function( el ) {
+	support.attributes = assert( function( el ) {
 		el.className = "i";
-		return !el.getAttribute("className");
-	});
+		return !el.getAttribute( "className" );
+	} );
 
 	/* getElement(s)By*
 	---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
 	// Check if getElementsByTagName("*") returns only elements
-	support.getElementsByTagName = assert(function( el ) {
-		el.appendChild( document.createComment("") );
-		return !el.getElementsByTagName("*").length;
-	});
+	support.getElementsByTagName = assert( function( el ) {
+		el.appendChild( document.createComment( "" ) );
+		return !el.getElementsByTagName( "*" ).length;
+	} );
 
 	// Support: IE<9
 	support.getElementsByClassName = rnative.test( document.getElementsByClassName );
@@ -1142,38 +1197,38 @@ setDocument = Sizzle.setDocument = function( node ) {
 	// Check if getElementById returns elements by name
 	// The broken getElementById methods don't pick up programmatically-set names,
 	// so use a roundabout getElementsByName test
-	support.getById = assert(function( el ) {
+	support.getById = assert( function( el ) {
 		docElem.appendChild( el ).id = expando;
 		return !document.getElementsByName || !document.getElementsByName( expando ).length;
-	});
+	} );
 
 	// ID filter and find
 	if ( support.getById ) {
-		Expr.filter["ID"] = function( id ) {
+		Expr.filter[ "ID" ] = function( id ) {
 			var attrId = id.replace( runescape, funescape );
 			return function( elem ) {
-				return elem.getAttribute("id") === attrId;
+				return elem.getAttribute( "id" ) === attrId;
 			};
 		};
-		Expr.find["ID"] = function( id, context ) {
+		Expr.find[ "ID" ] = function( id, context ) {
 			if ( typeof context.getElementById !== "undefined" && documentIsHTML ) {
 				var elem = context.getElementById( id );
 				return elem ? [ elem ] : [];
 			}
 		};
 	} else {
-		Expr.filter["ID"] =  function( id ) {
+		Expr.filter[ "ID" ] =  function( id ) {
 			var attrId = id.replace( runescape, funescape );
 			return function( elem ) {
 				var node = typeof elem.getAttributeNode !== "undefined" &&
-					elem.getAttributeNode("id");
+					elem.getAttributeNode( "id" );
 				return node && node.value === attrId;
 			};
 		};
 
 		// Support: IE 6 - 7 only
 		// getElementById is not reliable as a find shortcut
-		Expr.find["ID"] = function( id, context ) {
+		Expr.find[ "ID" ] = function( id, context ) {
 			if ( typeof context.getElementById !== "undefined" && documentIsHTML ) {
 				var node, i, elems,
 					elem = context.getElementById( id );
@@ -1181,7 +1236,7 @@ setDocument = Sizzle.setDocument = function( node ) {
 				if ( elem ) {
 
 					// Verify the id attribute
-					node = elem.getAttributeNode("id");
+					node = elem.getAttributeNode( "id" );
 					if ( node && node.value === id ) {
 						return [ elem ];
 					}
@@ -1189,8 +1244,8 @@ setDocument = Sizzle.setDocument = function( node ) {
 					// Fall back on getElementsByName
 					elems = context.getElementsByName( id );
 					i = 0;
-					while ( (elem = elems[i++]) ) {
-						node = elem.getAttributeNode("id");
+					while ( ( elem = elems[ i++ ] ) ) {
+						node = elem.getAttributeNode( "id" );
 						if ( node && node.value === id ) {
 							return [ elem ];
 						}
@@ -1203,7 +1258,7 @@ setDocument = Sizzle.setDocument = function( node ) {
 	}
 
 	// Tag
-	Expr.find["TAG"] = support.getElementsByTagName ?
+	Expr.find[ "TAG" ] = support.getElementsByTagName ?
 		function( tag, context ) {
 			if ( typeof context.getElementsByTagName !== "undefined" ) {
 				return context.getElementsByTagName( tag );
@@ -1218,12 +1273,13 @@ setDocument = Sizzle.setDocument = function( node ) {
 			var elem,
 				tmp = [],
 				i = 0,
+
 				// By happy coincidence, a (broken) gEBTN appears on DocumentFragment nodes too
 				results = context.getElementsByTagName( tag );
 
 			// Filter out possible comments
 			if ( tag === "*" ) {
-				while ( (elem = results[i++]) ) {
+				while ( ( elem = results[ i++ ] ) ) {
 					if ( elem.nodeType === 1 ) {
 						tmp.push( elem );
 					}
@@ -1235,7 +1291,7 @@ setDocument = Sizzle.setDocument = function( node ) {
 		};
 
 	// Class
-	Expr.find["CLASS"] = support.getElementsByClassName && function( className, context ) {
+	Expr.find[ "CLASS" ] = support.getElementsByClassName && function( className, context ) {
 		if ( typeof context.getElementsByClassName !== "undefined" && documentIsHTML ) {
 			return context.getElementsByClassName( className );
 		}
@@ -1256,10 +1312,14 @@ setDocument = Sizzle.setDocument = function( node ) {
 	// See https://bugs.jquery.com/ticket/13378
 	rbuggyQSA = [];
 
-	if ( (support.qsa = rnative.test( document.querySelectorAll )) ) {
+	if ( ( support.qsa = rnative.test( document.querySelectorAll ) ) ) {
+
 		// Build QSA regex
 		// Regex strategy adopted from Diego Perini
-		assert(function( el ) {
+		assert( function( el ) {
+
+			var input;
+
 			// Select is set to empty string on purpose
 			// This is to test IE's treatment of not explicitly
 			// setting a boolean content attribute,
@@ -1273,78 +1333,98 @@ setDocument = Sizzle.setDocument = function( node ) {
 			// Nothing should be selected when empty strings follow ^= or $= or *=
 			// The test attribute must be unknown in Opera but "safe" for WinRT
 			// https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ie/hh465388.aspx#attribute_section
-			if ( el.querySelectorAll("[msallowcapture^='']").length ) {
+			if ( el.querySelectorAll( "[msallowcapture^='']" ).length ) {
 				rbuggyQSA.push( "[*^$]=" + whitespace + "*(?:''|\"\")" );
 			}
 
 			// Support: IE8
 			// Boolean attributes and "value" are not treated correctly
-			if ( !el.querySelectorAll("[selected]").length ) {
+			if ( !el.querySelectorAll( "[selected]" ).length ) {
 				rbuggyQSA.push( "\\[" + whitespace + "*(?:value|" + booleans + ")" );
 			}
 
 			// Support: Chrome<29, Android<4.4, Safari<7.0+, iOS<7.0+, PhantomJS<1.9.8+
 			if ( !el.querySelectorAll( "[id~=" + expando + "-]" ).length ) {
-				rbuggyQSA.push("~=");
+				rbuggyQSA.push( "~=" );
+			}
+
+			// Support: IE 11+, Edge 15 - 18+
+			// IE 11/Edge don't find elements on a `[name='']` query in some cases.
+			// Adding a temporary attribute to the document before the selection works
+			// around the issue.
+			// Interestingly, IE 10 & older don't seem to have the issue.
+			input = document.createElement( "input" );
+			input.setAttribute( "name", "" );
+			el.appendChild( input );
+			if ( !el.querySelectorAll( "[name='']" ).length ) {
+				rbuggyQSA.push( "\\[" + whitespace + "*name" + whitespace + "*=" +
+					whitespace + "*(?:''|\"\")" );
 			}
 
 			// Webkit/Opera - :checked should return selected option elements
 			// http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/REC-css3-selectors-20110929/#checked
 			// IE8 throws error here and will not see later tests
-			if ( !el.querySelectorAll(":checked").length ) {
-				rbuggyQSA.push(":checked");
+			if ( !el.querySelectorAll( ":checked" ).length ) {
+				rbuggyQSA.push( ":checked" );
 			}
 
 			// Support: Safari 8+, iOS 8+
 			// https://bugs.webkit.org/show_bug.cgi?id=136851
 			// In-page `selector#id sibling-combinator selector` fails
 			if ( !el.querySelectorAll( "a#" + expando + "+*" ).length ) {
-				rbuggyQSA.push(".#.+[+~]");
+				rbuggyQSA.push( ".#.+[+~]" );
 			}
-		});
 
-		assert(function( el ) {
+			// Support: Firefox <=3.6 - 5 only
+			// Old Firefox doesn't throw on a badly-escaped identifier.
+			el.querySelectorAll( "\\\f" );
+			rbuggyQSA.push( "[\\r\\n\\f]" );
+		} );
+
+		assert( function( el ) {
 			el.innerHTML = "<a href='' disabled='disabled'></a>" +
 				"<select disabled='disabled'><option/></select>";
 
 			// Support: Windows 8 Native Apps
 			// The type and name attributes are restricted during .innerHTML assignment
-			var input = document.createElement("input");
+			var input = document.createElement( "input" );
 			input.setAttribute( "type", "hidden" );
 			el.appendChild( input ).setAttribute( "name", "D" );
 
 			// Support: IE8
 			// Enforce case-sensitivity of name attribute
-			if ( el.querySelectorAll("[name=d]").length ) {
+			if ( el.querySelectorAll( "[name=d]" ).length ) {
 				rbuggyQSA.push( "name" + whitespace + "*[*^$|!~]?=" );
 			}
 
 			// FF 3.5 - :enabled/:disabled and hidden elements (hidden elements are still enabled)
 			// IE8 throws error here and will not see later tests
-			if ( el.querySelectorAll(":enabled").length !== 2 ) {
+			if ( el.querySelectorAll( ":enabled" ).length !== 2 ) {
 				rbuggyQSA.push( ":enabled", ":disabled" );
 			}
 
 			// Support: IE9-11+
 			// IE's :disabled selector does not pick up the children of disabled fieldsets
 			docElem.appendChild( el ).disabled = true;
-			if ( el.querySelectorAll(":disabled").length !== 2 ) {
+			if ( el.querySelectorAll( ":disabled" ).length !== 2 ) {
 				rbuggyQSA.push( ":enabled", ":disabled" );
 			}
 
+			// Support: Opera 10 - 11 only
 			// Opera 10-11 does not throw on post-comma invalid pseudos
-			el.querySelectorAll("*,:x");
-			rbuggyQSA.push(",.*:");
-		});
+			el.querySelectorAll( "*,:x" );
+			rbuggyQSA.push( ",.*:" );
+		} );
 	}
 
-	if ( (support.matchesSelector = rnative.test( (matches = docElem.matches ||
+	if ( ( support.matchesSelector = rnative.test( ( matches = docElem.matches ||
 		docElem.webkitMatchesSelector ||
 		docElem.mozMatchesSelector ||
 		docElem.oMatchesSelector ||
-		docElem.msMatchesSelector) )) ) {
+		docElem.msMatchesSelector ) ) ) ) {
+
+		assert( function( el ) {
 
-		assert(function( el ) {
 			// Check to see if it's possible to do matchesSelector
 			// on a disconnected node (IE 9)
 			support.disconnectedMatch = matches.call( el, "*" );
@@ -1353,11 +1433,11 @@ setDocument = Sizzle.setDocument = function( node ) {
 			// Gecko does not error, returns false instead
 			matches.call( el, "[s!='']:x" );
 			rbuggyMatches.push( "!=", pseudos );
-		});
+		} );
 	}
 
-	rbuggyQSA = rbuggyQSA.length && new RegExp( rbuggyQSA.join("|") );
-	rbuggyMatches = rbuggyMatches.length && new RegExp( rbuggyMatches.join("|") );
+	rbuggyQSA = rbuggyQSA.length && new RegExp( rbuggyQSA.join( "|" ) );
+	rbuggyMatches = rbuggyMatches.length && new RegExp( rbuggyMatches.join( "|" ) );
 
 	/* Contains
 	---------------------------------------------------------------------- */
@@ -1374,11 +1454,11 @@ setDocument = Sizzle.setDocument = function( node ) {
 				adown.contains ?
 					adown.contains( bup ) :
 					a.compareDocumentPosition && a.compareDocumentPosition( bup ) & 16
-			));
+			) );
 		} :
 		function( a, b ) {
 			if ( b ) {
-				while ( (b = b.parentNode) ) {
+				while ( ( b = b.parentNode ) ) {
 					if ( b === a ) {
 						return true;
 					}
@@ -1407,7 +1487,11 @@ setDocument = Sizzle.setDocument = function( node ) {
 		}
 
 		// Calculate position if both inputs belong to the same document
-		compare = ( a.ownerDocument || a ) === ( b.ownerDocument || b ) ?
+		// Support: IE 11+, Edge 17 - 18+
+		// IE/Edge sometimes throw a "Permission denied" error when strict-comparing
+		// two documents; shallow comparisons work.
+		// eslint-disable-next-line eqeqeq
+		compare = ( a.ownerDocument || a ) == ( b.ownerDocument || b ) ?
 			a.compareDocumentPosition( b ) :
 
 			// Otherwise we know they are disconnected
@@ -1415,13 +1499,24 @@ setDocument = Sizzle.setDocument = function( node ) {
 
 		// Disconnected nodes
 		if ( compare & 1 ||
-			(!support.sortDetached && b.compareDocumentPosition( a ) === compare) ) {
+			( !support.sortDetached && b.compareDocumentPosition( a ) === compare ) ) {
 
 			// Choose the first element that is related to our preferred document
-			if ( a === document || a.ownerDocument === preferredDoc && contains(preferredDoc, a) ) {
+			// Support: IE 11+, Edge 17 - 18+
+			// IE/Edge sometimes throw a "Permission denied" error when strict-comparing
+			// two documents; shallow comparisons work.
+			// eslint-disable-next-line eqeqeq
+			if ( a == document || a.ownerDocument == preferredDoc &&
+				contains( preferredDoc, a ) ) {
 				return -1;
 			}
-			if ( b === document || b.ownerDocument === preferredDoc && contains(preferredDoc, b) ) {
+
+			// Support: IE 11+, Edge 17 - 18+
+			// IE/Edge sometimes throw a "Permission denied" error when strict-comparing
+			// two documents; shallow comparisons work.
+			// eslint-disable-next-line eqeqeq
+			if ( b == document || b.ownerDocument == preferredDoc &&
+				contains( preferredDoc, b ) ) {
 				return 1;
 			}
 
@@ -1434,6 +1529,7 @@ setDocument = Sizzle.setDocument = function( node ) {
 		return compare & 4 ? -1 : 1;
 	} :
 	function( a, b ) {
+
 		// Exit early if the nodes are identical
 		if ( a === b ) {
 			hasDuplicate = true;
@@ -1449,8 +1545,14 @@ setDocument = Sizzle.setDocument = function( node ) {
 
 		// Parentless nodes are either documents or disconnected
 		if ( !aup || !bup ) {
-			return a === document ? -1 :
-				b === document ? 1 :
+
+			// Support: IE 11+, Edge 17 - 18+
+			// IE/Edge sometimes throw a "Permission denied" error when strict-comparing
+			// two documents; shallow comparisons work.
+			/* eslint-disable eqeqeq */
+			return a == document ? -1 :
+				b == document ? 1 :
+				/* eslint-enable eqeqeq */
 				aup ? -1 :
 				bup ? 1 :
 				sortInput ?
@@ -1464,26 +1566,32 @@ setDocument = Sizzle.setDocument = function( node ) {
 
 		// Otherwise we need full lists of their ancestors for comparison
 		cur = a;
-		while ( (cur = cur.parentNode) ) {
+		while ( ( cur = cur.parentNode ) ) {
 			ap.unshift( cur );
 		}
 		cur = b;
-		while ( (cur = cur.parentNode) ) {
+		while ( ( cur = cur.parentNode ) ) {
 			bp.unshift( cur );
 		}
 
 		// Walk down the tree looking for a discrepancy
-		while ( ap[i] === bp[i] ) {
+		while ( ap[ i ] === bp[ i ] ) {
 			i++;
 		}
 
 		return i ?
+
 			// Do a sibling check if the nodes have a common ancestor
-			siblingCheck( ap[i], bp[i] ) :
+			siblingCheck( ap[ i ], bp[ i ] ) :
 
 			// Otherwise nodes in our document sort first
-			ap[i] === preferredDoc ? -1 :
-			bp[i] === preferredDoc ? 1 :
+			// Support: IE 11+, Edge 17 - 18+
+			// IE/Edge sometimes throw a "Permission denied" error when strict-comparing
+			// two documents; shallow comparisons work.
+			/* eslint-disable eqeqeq */
+			ap[ i ] == preferredDoc ? -1 :
+			bp[ i ] == preferredDoc ? 1 :
+			/* eslint-enable eqeqeq */
 			0;
 	};
 
@@ -1495,10 +1603,7 @@ Sizzle.matches = function( expr, elements ) {
 };
 
 Sizzle.matchesSelector = function( elem, expr ) {
-	// Set document vars if needed
-	if ( ( elem.ownerDocument || elem ) !== document ) {
-		setDocument( elem );
-	}
+	setDocument( elem );
 
 	if ( support.matchesSelector && documentIsHTML &&
 		!nonnativeSelectorCache[ expr + " " ] &&
@@ -1510,12 +1615,13 @@ Sizzle.matchesSelector = function( elem, expr ) {
 
 			// IE 9's matchesSelector returns false on disconnected nodes
 			if ( ret || support.disconnectedMatch ||
-					// As well, disconnected nodes are said to be in a document
-					// fragment in IE 9
-					elem.document && elem.document.nodeType !== 11 ) {
+
+				// As well, disconnected nodes are said to be in a document
+				// fragment in IE 9
+				elem.document && elem.document.nodeType !== 11 ) {
 				return ret;
 			}
-		} catch (e) {
+		} catch ( e ) {
 			nonnativeSelectorCache( expr, true );
 		}
 	}
@@ -1524,20 +1630,31 @@ Sizzle.matchesSelector = function( elem, expr ) {
 };
 
 Sizzle.contains = function( context, elem ) {
+
 	// Set document vars if needed
-	if ( ( context.ownerDocument || context ) !== document ) {
+	// Support: IE 11+, Edge 17 - 18+
+	// IE/Edge sometimes throw a "Permission denied" error when strict-comparing
+	// two documents; shallow comparisons work.
+	// eslint-disable-next-line eqeqeq
+	if ( ( context.ownerDocument || context ) != document ) {
 		setDocument( context );
 	}
 	return contains( context, elem );
 };
 
 Sizzle.attr = function( elem, name ) {
+
 	// Set document vars if needed
-	if ( ( elem.ownerDocument || elem ) !== document ) {
+	// Support: IE 11+, Edge 17 - 18+
+	// IE/Edge sometimes throw a "Permission denied" error when strict-comparing
+	// two documents; shallow comparisons work.
+	// eslint-disable-next-line eqeqeq
+	if ( ( elem.ownerDocument || elem ) != document ) {
 		setDocument( elem );
 	}
 
 	var fn = Expr.attrHandle[ name.toLowerCase() ],
+
 		// Don't get fooled by Object.prototype properties (jQuery #13807)
 		val = fn && hasOwn.call( Expr.attrHandle, name.toLowerCase() ) ?
 			fn( elem, name, !documentIsHTML ) :
@@ -1547,13 +1664,13 @@ Sizzle.attr = function( elem, name ) {
 		val :
 		support.attributes || !documentIsHTML ?
 			elem.getAttribute( name ) :
-			(val = elem.getAttributeNode(name)) && val.specified ?
+			( val = elem.getAttributeNode( name ) ) && val.specified ?
 				val.value :
 				null;
 };
 
 Sizzle.escape = function( sel ) {
-	return (sel + "").replace( rcssescape, fcssescape );
+	return ( sel + "" ).replace( rcssescape, fcssescape );
 };
 
 Sizzle.error = function( msg ) {
@@ -1576,7 +1693,7 @@ Sizzle.uniqueSort = function( results ) {
 	results.sort( sortOrder );
 
 	if ( hasDuplicate ) {
-		while ( (elem = results[i++]) ) {
+		while ( ( elem = results[ i++ ] ) ) {
 			if ( elem === results[ i ] ) {
 				j = duplicates.push( i );
 			}
@@ -1604,17 +1721,21 @@ getText = Sizzle.getText = function( elem ) {
 		nodeType = elem.nodeType;
 
 	if ( !nodeType ) {
+
 		// If no nodeType, this is expected to be an array
-		while ( (node = elem[i++]) ) {
+		while ( ( node = elem[ i++ ] ) ) {
+
 			// Do not traverse comment nodes
 			ret += getText( node );
 		}
 	} else if ( nodeType === 1 || nodeType === 9 || nodeType === 11 ) {
+
 		// Use textContent for elements
 		// innerText usage removed for consistency of new lines (jQuery #11153)
 		if ( typeof elem.textContent === "string" ) {
 			return elem.textContent;
 		} else {
+
 			// Traverse its children
 			for ( elem = elem.firstChild; elem; elem = elem.nextSibling ) {
 				ret += getText( elem );
@@ -1623,6 +1744,7 @@ getText = Sizzle.getText = function( elem ) {
 	} else if ( nodeType === 3 || nodeType === 4 ) {
 		return elem.nodeValue;
 	}
+
 	// Do not include comment or processing instruction nodes
 
 	return ret;
@@ -1650,19 +1772,21 @@ Expr = Sizzle.selectors = {
 
 	preFilter: {
 		"ATTR": function( match ) {
-			match[1] = match[1].replace( runescape, funescape );
+			match[ 1 ] = match[ 1 ].replace( runescape, funescape );
 
 			// Move the given value to match[3] whether quoted or unquoted
-			match[3] = ( match[3] || match[4] || match[5] || "" ).replace( runescape, funescape );
+			match[ 3 ] = ( match[ 3 ] || match[ 4 ] ||
+				match[ 5 ] || "" ).replace( runescape, funescape );
 
-			if ( match[2] === "~=" ) {
-				match[3] = " " + match[3] + " ";
+			if ( match[ 2 ] === "~=" ) {
+				match[ 3 ] = " " + match[ 3 ] + " ";
 			}
 
 			return match.slice( 0, 4 );
 		},
 
 		"CHILD": function( match ) {
+
 			/* matches from matchExpr["CHILD"]
 				1 type (only|nth|...)
 				2 what (child|of-type)
@@ -1673,22 +1797,25 @@ Expr = Sizzle.selectors = {
 				7 sign of y-component
 				8 y of y-component
 			*/
-			match[1] = match[1].toLowerCase();
+			match[ 1 ] = match[ 1 ].toLowerCase();
+
+			if ( match[ 1 ].slice( 0, 3 ) === "nth" ) {
 
-			if ( match[1].slice( 0, 3 ) === "nth" ) {
 				// nth-* requires argument
-				if ( !match[3] ) {
-					Sizzle.error( match[0] );
+				if ( !match[ 3 ] ) {
+					Sizzle.error( match[ 0 ] );
 				}
 
 				// numeric x and y parameters for Expr.filter.CHILD
 				// remember that false/true cast respectively to 0/1
-				match[4] = +( match[4] ? match[5] + (match[6] || 1) : 2 * ( match[3] === "even" || match[3] === "odd" ) );
-				match[5] = +( ( match[7] + match[8] ) || match[3] === "odd" );
+				match[ 4 ] = +( match[ 4 ] ?
+					match[ 5 ] + ( match[ 6 ] || 1 ) :
+					2 * ( match[ 3 ] === "even" || match[ 3 ] === "odd" ) );
+				match[ 5 ] = +( ( match[ 7 ] + match[ 8 ] ) || match[ 3 ] === "odd" );
 
-			// other types prohibit arguments
-			} else if ( match[3] ) {
-				Sizzle.error( match[0] );
+				// other types prohibit arguments
+			} else if ( match[ 3 ] ) {
+				Sizzle.error( match[ 0 ] );
 			}
 
 			return match;
@@ -1696,26 +1823,28 @@ Expr = Sizzle.selectors = {
 
 		"PSEUDO": function( match ) {
 			var excess,
-				unquoted = !match[6] && match[2];
+				unquoted = !match[ 6 ] && match[ 2 ];
 
-			if ( matchExpr["CHILD"].test( match[0] ) ) {
+			if ( matchExpr[ "CHILD" ].test( match[ 0 ] ) ) {
 				return null;
 			}
 
 			// Accept quoted arguments as-is
-			if ( match[3] ) {
-				match[2] = match[4] || match[5] || "";
+			if ( match[ 3 ] ) {
+				match[ 2 ] = match[ 4 ] || match[ 5 ] || "";
 
 			// Strip excess characters from unquoted arguments
 			} else if ( unquoted && rpseudo.test( unquoted ) &&
+
 				// Get excess from tokenize (recursively)
-				(excess = tokenize( unquoted, true )) &&
+				( excess = tokenize( unquoted, true ) ) &&
+
 				// advance to the next closing parenthesis
-				(excess = unquoted.indexOf( ")", unquoted.length - excess ) - unquoted.length) ) {
+				( excess = unquoted.indexOf( ")", unquoted.length - excess ) - unquoted.length ) ) {
 
 				// excess is a negative index
-				match[0] = match[0].slice( 0, excess );
-				match[2] = unquoted.slice( 0, excess );
+				match[ 0 ] = match[ 0 ].slice( 0, excess );
+				match[ 2 ] = unquoted.slice( 0, excess );
 			}
 
 			// Return only captures needed by the pseudo filter method (type and argument)
@@ -1728,7 +1857,9 @@ Expr = Sizzle.selectors = {
 		"TAG": function( nodeNameSelector ) {
 			var nodeName = nodeNameSelector.replace( runescape, funescape ).toLowerCase();
 			return nodeNameSelector === "*" ?
-				function() { return true; } :
+				function() {
+					return true;
+				} :
 				function( elem ) {
 					return elem.nodeName && elem.nodeName.toLowerCase() === nodeName;
 				};
@@ -1738,10 +1869,16 @@ Expr = Sizzle.selectors = {
 			var pattern = classCache[ className + " " ];
 
 			return pattern ||
-				(pattern = new RegExp( "(^|" + whitespace + ")" + className + "(" + whitespace + "|$)" )) &&
-				classCache( className, function( elem ) {
-					return pattern.test( typeof elem.className === "string" && elem.className || typeof elem.getAttribute !== "undefined" && elem.getAttribute("class") || "" );
-				});
+				( pattern = new RegExp( "(^|" + whitespace +
+					")" + className + "(" + whitespace + "|$)" ) ) && classCache(
+						className, function( elem ) {
+							return pattern.test(
+								typeof elem.className === "string" && elem.className ||
+								typeof elem.getAttribute !== "undefined" &&
+									elem.getAttribute( "class" ) ||
+								""
+							);
+				} );
 		},
 
 		"ATTR": function( name, operator, check ) {
@@ -1757,6 +1894,8 @@ Expr = Sizzle.selectors = {
 
 				result += "";
 
+				/* eslint-disable max-len */
+
 				return operator === "=" ? result === check :
 					operator === "!=" ? result !== check :
 					operator === "^=" ? check && result.indexOf( check ) === 0 :
@@ -1765,10 +1904,12 @@ Expr = Sizzle.selectors = {
 					operator === "~=" ? ( " " + result.replace( rwhitespace, " " ) + " " ).indexOf( check ) > -1 :
 					operator === "|=" ? result === check || result.slice( 0, check.length + 1 ) === check + "-" :
 					false;
+				/* eslint-enable max-len */
+
 			};
 		},
 
-		"CHILD": function( type, what, argument, first, last ) {
+		"CHILD": function( type, what, _argument, first, last ) {
 			var simple = type.slice( 0, 3 ) !== "nth",
 				forward = type.slice( -4 ) !== "last",
 				ofType = what === "of-type";
@@ -1780,7 +1921,7 @@ Expr = Sizzle.selectors = {
 					return !!elem.parentNode;
 				} :
 
-				function( elem, context, xml ) {
+				function( elem, _context, xml ) {
 					var cache, uniqueCache, outerCache, node, nodeIndex, start,
 						dir = simple !== forward ? "nextSibling" : "previousSibling",
 						parent = elem.parentNode,
@@ -1794,7 +1935,7 @@ Expr = Sizzle.selectors = {
 						if ( simple ) {
 							while ( dir ) {
 								node = elem;
-								while ( (node = node[ dir ]) ) {
+								while ( ( node = node[ dir ] ) ) {
 									if ( ofType ?
 										node.nodeName.toLowerCase() === name :
 										node.nodeType === 1 ) {
@@ -1802,6 +1943,7 @@ Expr = Sizzle.selectors = {
 										return false;
 									}
 								}
+
 								// Reverse direction for :only-* (if we haven't yet done so)
 								start = dir = type === "only" && !start && "nextSibling";
 							}
@@ -1817,22 +1959,22 @@ Expr = Sizzle.selectors = {
 
 							// ...in a gzip-friendly way
 							node = parent;
-							outerCache = node[ expando ] || (node[ expando ] = {});
+							outerCache = node[ expando ] || ( node[ expando ] = {} );
 
 							// Support: IE <9 only
 							// Defend against cloned attroperties (jQuery gh-1709)
 							uniqueCache = outerCache[ node.uniqueID ] ||
-								(outerCache[ node.uniqueID ] = {});
+								( outerCache[ node.uniqueID ] = {} );
 
 							cache = uniqueCache[ type ] || [];
 							nodeIndex = cache[ 0 ] === dirruns && cache[ 1 ];
 							diff = nodeIndex && cache[ 2 ];
 							node = nodeIndex && parent.childNodes[ nodeIndex ];
 
-							while ( (node = ++nodeIndex && node && node[ dir ] ||
+							while ( ( node = ++nodeIndex && node && node[ dir ] ||
 
 								// Fallback to seeking `elem` from the start
-								(diff = nodeIndex = 0) || start.pop()) ) {
+								( diff = nodeIndex = 0 ) || start.pop() ) ) {
 
 								// When found, cache indexes on `parent` and break
 								if ( node.nodeType === 1 && ++diff && node === elem ) {
@@ -1842,16 +1984,18 @@ Expr = Sizzle.selectors = {
 							}
 
 						} else {
+
 							// Use previously-cached element index if available
 							if ( useCache ) {
+
 								// ...in a gzip-friendly way
 								node = elem;
-								outerCache = node[ expando ] || (node[ expando ] = {});
+								outerCache = node[ expando ] || ( node[ expando ] = {} );
 
 								// Support: IE <9 only
 								// Defend against cloned attroperties (jQuery gh-1709)
 								uniqueCache = outerCache[ node.uniqueID ] ||
-									(outerCache[ node.uniqueID ] = {});
+									( outerCache[ node.uniqueID ] = {} );
 
 								cache = uniqueCache[ type ] || [];
 								nodeIndex = cache[ 0 ] === dirruns && cache[ 1 ];
@@ -1861,9 +2005,10 @@ Expr = Sizzle.selectors = {
 							// xml :nth-child(...)
 							// or :nth-last-child(...) or :nth(-last)?-of-type(...)
 							if ( diff === false ) {
+
 								// Use the same loop as above to seek `elem` from the start
-								while ( (node = ++nodeIndex && node && node[ dir ] ||
-									(diff = nodeIndex = 0) || start.pop()) ) {
+								while ( ( node = ++nodeIndex && node && node[ dir ] ||
+									( diff = nodeIndex = 0 ) || start.pop() ) ) {
 
 									if ( ( ofType ?
 										node.nodeName.toLowerCase() === name :
@@ -1872,12 +2017,13 @@ Expr = Sizzle.selectors = {
 
 										// Cache the index of each encountered element
 										if ( useCache ) {
-											outerCache = node[ expando ] || (node[ expando ] = {});
+											outerCache = node[ expando ] ||
+												( node[ expando ] = {} );
 
 											// Support: IE <9 only
 											// Defend against cloned attroperties (jQuery gh-1709)
 											uniqueCache = outerCache[ node.uniqueID ] ||
-												(outerCache[ node.uniqueID ] = {});
+												( outerCache[ node.uniqueID ] = {} );
 
 											uniqueCache[ type ] = [ dirruns, diff ];
 										}
@@ -1898,6 +2044,7 @@ Expr = Sizzle.selectors = {
 		},
 
 		"PSEUDO": function( pseudo, argument ) {
+
 			// pseudo-class names are case-insensitive
 			// http://www.w3.org/TR/selectors/#pseudo-classes
 			// Prioritize by case sensitivity in case custom pseudos are added with uppercase letters
@@ -1917,15 +2064,15 @@ Expr = Sizzle.selectors = {
 			if ( fn.length > 1 ) {
 				args = [ pseudo, pseudo, "", argument ];
 				return Expr.setFilters.hasOwnProperty( pseudo.toLowerCase() ) ?
-					markFunction(function( seed, matches ) {
+					markFunction( function( seed, matches ) {
 						var idx,
 							matched = fn( seed, argument ),
 							i = matched.length;
 						while ( i-- ) {
-							idx = indexOf( seed, matched[i] );
-							seed[ idx ] = !( matches[ idx ] = matched[i] );
+							idx = indexOf( seed, matched[ i ] );
+							seed[ idx ] = !( matches[ idx ] = matched[ i ] );
 						}
-					}) :
+					} ) :
 					function( elem ) {
 						return fn( elem, 0, args );
 					};
@@ -1936,8 +2083,10 @@ Expr = Sizzle.selectors = {
 	},
 
 	pseudos: {
+
 		// Potentially complex pseudos
-		"not": markFunction(function( selector ) {
+		"not": markFunction( function( selector ) {
+
 			// Trim the selector passed to compile
 			// to avoid treating leading and trailing
 			// spaces as combinators
@@ -1946,39 +2095,40 @@ Expr = Sizzle.selectors = {
 				matcher = compile( selector.replace( rtrim, "$1" ) );
 
 			return matcher[ expando ] ?
-				markFunction(function( seed, matches, context, xml ) {
+				markFunction( function( seed, matches, _context, xml ) {
 					var elem,
 						unmatched = matcher( seed, null, xml, [] ),
 						i = seed.length;
 
 					// Match elements unmatched by `matcher`
 					while ( i-- ) {
-						if ( (elem = unmatched[i]) ) {
-							seed[i] = !(matches[i] = elem);
+						if ( ( elem = unmatched[ i ] ) ) {
+							seed[ i ] = !( matches[ i ] = elem );
 						}
 					}
-				}) :
-				function( elem, context, xml ) {
-					input[0] = elem;
+				} ) :
+				function( elem, _context, xml ) {
+					input[ 0 ] = elem;
 					matcher( input, null, xml, results );
+
 					// Don't keep the element (issue #299)
-					input[0] = null;
+					input[ 0 ] = null;
 					return !results.pop();
 				};
-		}),
+		} ),
 
-		"has": markFunction(function( selector ) {
+		"has": markFunction( function( selector ) {
 			return function( elem ) {
 				return Sizzle( selector, elem ).length > 0;
 			};
-		}),
+		} ),
 
-		"contains": markFunction(function( text ) {
+		"contains": markFunction( function( text ) {
 			text = text.replace( runescape, funescape );
 			return function( elem ) {
 				return ( elem.textContent || getText( elem ) ).indexOf( text ) > -1;
 			};
-		}),
+		} ),
 
 		// "Whether an element is represented by a :lang() selector
 		// is based solely on the element's language value
@@ -1988,25 +2138,26 @@ Expr = Sizzle.selectors = {
 		// The identifier C does not have to be a valid language name."
 		// http://www.w3.org/TR/selectors/#lang-pseudo
 		"lang": markFunction( function( lang ) {
+
 			// lang value must be a valid identifier
-			if ( !ridentifier.test(lang || "") ) {
+			if ( !ridentifier.test( lang || "" ) ) {
 				Sizzle.error( "unsupported lang: " + lang );
 			}
 			lang = lang.replace( runescape, funescape ).toLowerCase();
 			return function( elem ) {
 				var elemLang;
 				do {
-					if ( (elemLang = documentIsHTML ?
+					if ( ( elemLang = documentIsHTML ?
 						elem.lang :
-						elem.getAttribute("xml:lang") || elem.getAttribute("lang")) ) {
+						elem.getAttribute( "xml:lang" ) || elem.getAttribute( "lang" ) ) ) {
 
 						elemLang = elemLang.toLowerCase();
 						return elemLang === lang || elemLang.indexOf( lang + "-" ) === 0;
 					}
-				} while ( (elem = elem.parentNode) && elem.nodeType === 1 );
+				} while ( ( elem = elem.parentNode ) && elem.nodeType === 1 );
 				return false;
 			};
-		}),
+		} ),
 
 		// Miscellaneous
 		"target": function( elem ) {
@@ -2019,7 +2170,9 @@ Expr = Sizzle.selectors = {
 		},
 
 		"focus": function( elem ) {
-			return elem === document.activeElement && (!document.hasFocus || document.hasFocus()) && !!(elem.type || elem.href || ~elem.tabIndex);
+			return elem === document.activeElement &&
+				( !document.hasFocus || document.hasFocus() ) &&
+				!!( elem.type || elem.href || ~elem.tabIndex );
 		},
 
 		// Boolean properties
@@ -2027,16 +2180,20 @@ Expr = Sizzle.selectors = {
 		"disabled": createDisabledPseudo( true ),
 
 		"checked": function( elem ) {
+
 			// In CSS3, :checked should return both checked and selected elements
 			// http://www.w3.org/TR/2011/REC-css3-selectors-20110929/#checked
 			var nodeName = elem.nodeName.toLowerCase();
-			return (nodeName === "input" && !!elem.checked) || (nodeName === "option" && !!elem.selected);
+			return ( nodeName === "input" && !!elem.checked ) ||
+				( nodeName === "option" && !!elem.selected );
 		},
 
 		"selected": function( elem ) {
+
 			// Accessing this property makes selected-by-default
 			// options in Safari work properly
 			if ( elem.parentNode ) {
+				// eslint-disable-next-line no-unused-expressions
 				elem.parentNode.selectedIndex;
 			}
 
@@ -2045,6 +2202,7 @@ Expr = Sizzle.selectors = {
 
 		// Contents
 		"empty": function( elem ) {
+
 			// http://www.w3.org/TR/selectors/#empty-pseudo
 			// :empty is negated by element (1) or content nodes (text: 3; cdata: 4; entity ref: 5),
 			//   but not by others (comment: 8; processing instruction: 7; etc.)
@@ -2058,7 +2216,7 @@ Expr = Sizzle.selectors = {
 		},
 
 		"parent": function( elem ) {
-			return !Expr.pseudos["empty"]( elem );
+			return !Expr.pseudos[ "empty" ]( elem );
 		},
 
 		// Element/input types
@@ -2082,39 +2240,40 @@ Expr = Sizzle.selectors = {
 
 				// Support: IE<8
 				// New HTML5 attribute values (e.g., "search") appear with elem.type === "text"
-				( (attr = elem.getAttribute("type")) == null || attr.toLowerCase() === "text" );
+				( ( attr = elem.getAttribute( "type" ) ) == null ||
+					attr.toLowerCase() === "text" );
 		},
 
 		// Position-in-collection
-		"first": createPositionalPseudo(function() {
+		"first": createPositionalPseudo( function() {
 			return [ 0 ];
-		}),
+		} ),
 
-		"last": createPositionalPseudo(function( matchIndexes, length ) {
+		"last": createPositionalPseudo( function( _matchIndexes, length ) {
 			return [ length - 1 ];
-		}),
+		} ),
 
-		"eq": createPositionalPseudo(function( matchIndexes, length, argument ) {
+		"eq": createPositionalPseudo( function( _matchIndexes, length, argument ) {
 			return [ argument < 0 ? argument + length : argument ];
-		}),
+		} ),
 
-		"even": createPositionalPseudo(function( matchIndexes, length ) {
+		"even": createPositionalPseudo( function( matchIndexes, length ) {
 			var i = 0;
 			for ( ; i < length; i += 2 ) {
 				matchIndexes.push( i );
 			}
 			return matchIndexes;
-		}),
+		} ),
 
-		"odd": createPositionalPseudo(function( matchIndexes, length ) {
+		"odd": createPositionalPseudo( function( matchIndexes, length ) {
 			var i = 1;
 			for ( ; i < length; i += 2 ) {
 				matchIndexes.push( i );
 			}
 			return matchIndexes;
-		}),
+		} ),
 
-		"lt": createPositionalPseudo(function( matchIndexes, length, argument ) {
+		"lt": createPositionalPseudo( function( matchIndexes, length, argument ) {
 			var i = argument < 0 ?
 				argument + length :
 				argument > length ?
@@ -2124,19 +2283,19 @@ Expr = Sizzle.selectors = {
 				matchIndexes.push( i );
 			}
 			return matchIndexes;
-		}),
+		} ),
 
-		"gt": createPositionalPseudo(function( matchIndexes, length, argument ) {
+		"gt": createPositionalPseudo( function( matchIndexes, length, argument ) {
 			var i = argument < 0 ? argument + length : argument;
 			for ( ; ++i < length; ) {
 				matchIndexes.push( i );
 			}
 			return matchIndexes;
-		})
+		} )
 	}
 };
 
-Expr.pseudos["nth"] = Expr.pseudos["eq"];
+Expr.pseudos[ "nth" ] = Expr.pseudos[ "eq" ];
 
 // Add button/input type pseudos
 for ( i in { radio: true, checkbox: true, file: true, password: true, image: true } ) {
@@ -2167,37 +2326,39 @@ tokenize = Sizzle.tokenize = function( selector, parseOnly ) {
 	while ( soFar ) {
 
 		// Comma and first run
-		if ( !matched || (match = rcomma.exec( soFar )) ) {
+		if ( !matched || ( match = rcomma.exec( soFar ) ) ) {
 			if ( match ) {
+
 				// Don't consume trailing commas as valid
-				soFar = soFar.slice( match[0].length ) || soFar;
+				soFar = soFar.slice( match[ 0 ].length ) || soFar;
 			}
-			groups.push( (tokens = []) );
+			groups.push( ( tokens = [] ) );
 		}
 
 		matched = false;
 
 		// Combinators
-		if ( (match = rcombinators.exec( soFar )) ) {
+		if ( ( match = rcombinators.exec( soFar ) ) ) {
 			matched = match.shift();
-			tokens.push({
+			tokens.push( {
 				value: matched,
+
 				// Cast descendant combinators to space
-				type: match[0].replace( rtrim, " " )
-			});
+				type: match[ 0 ].replace( rtrim, " " )
+			} );
 			soFar = soFar.slice( matched.length );
 		}
 
 		// Filters
 		for ( type in Expr.filter ) {
-			if ( (match = matchExpr[ type ].exec( soFar )) && (!preFilters[ type ] ||
-				(match = preFilters[ type ]( match ))) ) {
+			if ( ( match = matchExpr[ type ].exec( soFar ) ) && ( !preFilters[ type ] ||
+				( match = preFilters[ type ]( match ) ) ) ) {
 				matched = match.shift();
-				tokens.push({
+				tokens.push( {
 					value: matched,
 					type: type,
 					matches: match
-				});
+				} );
 				soFar = soFar.slice( matched.length );
 			}
 		}
@@ -2214,6 +2375,7 @@ tokenize = Sizzle.tokenize = function( selector, parseOnly ) {
 		soFar.length :
 		soFar ?
 			Sizzle.error( selector ) :
+
 			// Cache the tokens
 			tokenCache( selector, groups ).slice( 0 );
 };
@@ -2223,7 +2385,7 @@ function toSelector( tokens ) {
 		len = tokens.length,
 		selector = "";
 	for ( ; i < len; i++ ) {
-		selector += tokens[i].value;
+		selector += tokens[ i ].value;
 	}
 	return selector;
 }
@@ -2236,9 +2398,10 @@ function addCombinator( matcher, combinator, base ) {
 		doneName = done++;
 
 	return combinator.first ?
+
 		// Check against closest ancestor/preceding element
 		function( elem, context, xml ) {
-			while ( (elem = elem[ dir ]) ) {
+			while ( ( elem = elem[ dir ] ) ) {
 				if ( elem.nodeType === 1 || checkNonElements ) {
 					return matcher( elem, context, xml );
 				}
@@ -2253,7 +2416,7 @@ function addCombinator( matcher, combinator, base ) {
 
 			// We can't set arbitrary data on XML nodes, so they don't benefit from combinator caching
 			if ( xml ) {
-				while ( (elem = elem[ dir ]) ) {
+				while ( ( elem = elem[ dir ] ) ) {
 					if ( elem.nodeType === 1 || checkNonElements ) {
 						if ( matcher( elem, context, xml ) ) {
 							return true;
@@ -2261,27 +2424,29 @@ function addCombinator( matcher, combinator, base ) {
 					}
 				}
 			} else {
-				while ( (elem = elem[ dir ]) ) {
+				while ( ( elem = elem[ dir ] ) ) {
 					if ( elem.nodeType === 1 || checkNonElements ) {
-						outerCache = elem[ expando ] || (elem[ expando ] = {});
+						outerCache = elem[ expando ] || ( elem[ expando ] = {} );
 
 						// Support: IE <9 only
 						// Defend against cloned attroperties (jQuery gh-1709)
-						uniqueCache = outerCache[ elem.uniqueID ] || (outerCache[ elem.uniqueID ] = {});
+						uniqueCache = outerCache[ elem.uniqueID ] ||
+							( outerCache[ elem.uniqueID ] = {} );
 
 						if ( skip && skip === elem.nodeName.toLowerCase() ) {
 							elem = elem[ dir ] || elem;
-						} else if ( (oldCache = uniqueCache[ key ]) &&
+						} else if ( ( oldCache = uniqueCache[ key ] ) &&
 							oldCache[ 0 ] === dirruns && oldCache[ 1 ] === doneName ) {
 
 							// Assign to newCache so results back-propagate to previous elements
-							return (newCache[ 2 ] = oldCache[ 2 ]);
+							return ( newCache[ 2 ] = oldCache[ 2 ] );
 						} else {
+
 							// Reuse newcache so results back-propagate to previous elements
 							uniqueCache[ key ] = newCache;
 
 							// A match means we're done; a fail means we have to keep checking
-							if ( (newCache[ 2 ] = matcher( elem, context, xml )) ) {
+							if ( ( newCache[ 2 ] = matcher( elem, context, xml ) ) ) {
 								return true;
 							}
 						}
@@ -2297,20 +2462,20 @@ function elementMatcher( matchers ) {
 		function( elem, context, xml ) {
 			var i = matchers.length;
 			while ( i-- ) {
-				if ( !matchers[i]( elem, context, xml ) ) {
+				if ( !matchers[ i ]( elem, context, xml ) ) {
 					return false;
 				}
 			}
 			return true;
 		} :
-		matchers[0];
+		matchers[ 0 ];
 }
 
 function multipleContexts( selector, contexts, results ) {
 	var i = 0,
 		len = contexts.length;
 	for ( ; i < len; i++ ) {
-		Sizzle( selector, contexts[i], results );
+		Sizzle( selector, contexts[ i ], results );
 	}
 	return results;
 }
@@ -2323,7 +2488,7 @@ function condense( unmatched, map, filter, context, xml ) {
 		mapped = map != null;
 
 	for ( ; i < len; i++ ) {
-		if ( (elem = unmatched[i]) ) {
+		if ( ( elem = unmatched[ i ] ) ) {
 			if ( !filter || filter( elem, context, xml ) ) {
 				newUnmatched.push( elem );
 				if ( mapped ) {
@@ -2343,14 +2508,18 @@ function setMatcher( preFilter, selector, matcher, postFilter, postFinder, postS
 	if ( postFinder && !postFinder[ expando ] ) {
 		postFinder = setMatcher( postFinder, postSelector );
 	}
-	return markFunction(function( seed, results, context, xml ) {
+	return markFunction( function( seed, results, context, xml ) {
 		var temp, i, elem,
 			preMap = [],
 			postMap = [],
 			preexisting = results.length,
 
 			// Get initial elements from seed or context
-			elems = seed || multipleContexts( selector || "*", context.nodeType ? [ context ] : context, [] ),
+			elems = seed || multipleContexts(
+				selector || "*",
+				context.nodeType ? [ context ] : context,
+				[]
+			),
 
 			// Prefilter to get matcher input, preserving a map for seed-results synchronization
 			matcherIn = preFilter && ( seed || !selector ) ?
@@ -2358,6 +2527,7 @@ function setMatcher( preFilter, selector, matcher, postFilter, postFinder, postS
 				elems,
 
 			matcherOut = matcher ?
+
 				// If we have a postFinder, or filtered seed, or non-seed postFilter or preexisting results,
 				postFinder || ( seed ? preFilter : preexisting || postFilter ) ?
 
@@ -2381,8 +2551,8 @@ function setMatcher( preFilter, selector, matcher, postFilter, postFinder, postS
 			// Un-match failing elements by moving them back to matcherIn
 			i = temp.length;
 			while ( i-- ) {
-				if ( (elem = temp[i]) ) {
-					matcherOut[ postMap[i] ] = !(matcherIn[ postMap[i] ] = elem);
+				if ( ( elem = temp[ i ] ) ) {
+					matcherOut[ postMap[ i ] ] = !( matcherIn[ postMap[ i ] ] = elem );
 				}
 			}
 		}
@@ -2390,25 +2560,27 @@ function setMatcher( preFilter, selector, matcher, postFilter, postFinder, postS
 		if ( seed ) {
 			if ( postFinder || preFilter ) {
 				if ( postFinder ) {
+
 					// Get the final matcherOut by condensing this intermediate into postFinder contexts
 					temp = [];
 					i = matcherOut.length;
 					while ( i-- ) {
-						if ( (elem = matcherOut[i]) ) {
+						if ( ( elem = matcherOut[ i ] ) ) {
+
 							// Restore matcherIn since elem is not yet a final match
-							temp.push( (matcherIn[i] = elem) );
+							temp.push( ( matcherIn[ i ] = elem ) );
 						}
 					}
-					postFinder( null, (matcherOut = []), temp, xml );
+					postFinder( null, ( matcherOut = [] ), temp, xml );
 				}
 
 				// Move matched elements from seed to results to keep them synchronized
 				i = matcherOut.length;
 				while ( i-- ) {
-					if ( (elem = matcherOut[i]) &&
-						(temp = postFinder ? indexOf( seed, elem ) : preMap[i]) > -1 ) {
+					if ( ( elem = matcherOut[ i ] ) &&
+						( temp = postFinder ? indexOf( seed, elem ) : preMap[ i ] ) > -1 ) {
 
-						seed[temp] = !(results[temp] = elem);
+						seed[ temp ] = !( results[ temp ] = elem );
 					}
 				}
 			}
@@ -2426,14 +2598,14 @@ function setMatcher( preFilter, selector, matcher, postFilter, postFinder, postS
 				push.apply( results, matcherOut );
 			}
 		}
-	});
+	} );
 }
 
 function matcherFromTokens( tokens ) {
 	var checkContext, matcher, j,
 		len = tokens.length,
-		leadingRelative = Expr.relative[ tokens[0].type ],
-		implicitRelative = leadingRelative || Expr.relative[" "],
+		leadingRelative = Expr.relative[ tokens[ 0 ].type ],
+		implicitRelative = leadingRelative || Expr.relative[ " " ],
 		i = leadingRelative ? 1 : 0,
 
 		// The foundational matcher ensures that elements are reachable from top-level context(s)
@@ -2445,38 +2617,43 @@ function matcherFromTokens( tokens ) {
 		}, implicitRelative, true ),
 		matchers = [ function( elem, context, xml ) {
 			var ret = ( !leadingRelative && ( xml || context !== outermostContext ) ) || (
-				(checkContext = context).nodeType ?
+				( checkContext = context ).nodeType ?
 					matchContext( elem, context, xml ) :
 					matchAnyContext( elem, context, xml ) );
+
 			// Avoid hanging onto element (issue #299)
 			checkContext = null;
 			return ret;
 		} ];
 
 	for ( ; i < len; i++ ) {
-		if ( (matcher = Expr.relative[ tokens[i].type ]) ) {
-			matchers = [ addCombinator(elementMatcher( matchers ), matcher) ];
+		if ( ( matcher = Expr.relative[ tokens[ i ].type ] ) ) {
+			matchers = [ addCombinator( elementMatcher( matchers ), matcher ) ];
 		} else {
-			matcher = Expr.filter[ tokens[i].type ].apply( null, tokens[i].matches );
+			matcher = Expr.filter[ tokens[ i ].type ].apply( null, tokens[ i ].matches );
 
 			// Return special upon seeing a positional matcher
 			if ( matcher[ expando ] ) {
+
 				// Find the next relative operator (if any) for proper handling
 				j = ++i;
 				for ( ; j < len; j++ ) {
-					if ( Expr.relative[ tokens[j].type ] ) {
+					if ( Expr.relative[ tokens[ j ].type ] ) {
 						break;
 					}
 				}
 				return setMatcher(
 					i > 1 && elementMatcher( matchers ),
 					i > 1 && toSelector(
-						// If the preceding token was a descendant combinator, insert an implicit any-element `*`
-						tokens.slice( 0, i - 1 ).concat({ value: tokens[ i - 2 ].type === " " ? "*" : "" })
+
+					// If the preceding token was a descendant combinator, insert an implicit any-element `*`
+					tokens
+						.slice( 0, i - 1 )
+						.concat( { value: tokens[ i - 2 ].type === " " ? "*" : "" } )
 					).replace( rtrim, "$1" ),
 					matcher,
 					i < j && matcherFromTokens( tokens.slice( i, j ) ),
-					j < len && matcherFromTokens( (tokens = tokens.slice( j )) ),
+					j < len && matcherFromTokens( ( tokens = tokens.slice( j ) ) ),
 					j < len && toSelector( tokens )
 				);
 			}
@@ -2497,28 +2674,40 @@ function matcherFromGroupMatchers( elementMatchers, setMatchers ) {
 				unmatched = seed && [],
 				setMatched = [],
 				contextBackup = outermostContext,
+
 				// We must always have either seed elements or outermost context
-				elems = seed || byElement && Expr.find["TAG"]( "*", outermost ),
+				elems = seed || byElement && Expr.find[ "TAG" ]( "*", outermost ),
+
 				// Use integer dirruns iff this is the outermost matcher
-				dirrunsUnique = (dirruns += contextBackup == null ? 1 : Math.random() || 0.1),
+				dirrunsUnique = ( dirruns += contextBackup == null ? 1 : Math.random() || 0.1 ),
 				len = elems.length;
 
 			if ( outermost ) {
-				outermostContext = context === document || context || outermost;
+
+				// Support: IE 11+, Edge 17 - 18+
+				// IE/Edge sometimes throw a "Permission denied" error when strict-comparing
+				// two documents; shallow comparisons work.
+				// eslint-disable-next-line eqeqeq
+				outermostContext = context == document || context || outermost;
 			}
 
 			// Add elements passing elementMatchers directly to results
 			// Support: IE<9, Safari
 			// Tolerate NodeList properties (IE: "length"; Safari: <number>) matching elements by id
-			for ( ; i !== len && (elem = elems[i]) != null; i++ ) {
+			for ( ; i !== len && ( elem = elems[ i ] ) != null; i++ ) {
 				if ( byElement && elem ) {
 					j = 0;
-					if ( !context && elem.ownerDocument !== document ) {
+
+					// Support: IE 11+, Edge 17 - 18+
+					// IE/Edge sometimes throw a "Permission denied" error when strict-comparing
+					// two documents; shallow comparisons work.
+					// eslint-disable-next-line eqeqeq
+					if ( !context && elem.ownerDocument != document ) {
 						setDocument( elem );
 						xml = !documentIsHTML;
 					}
-					while ( (matcher = elementMatchers[j++]) ) {
-						if ( matcher( elem, context || document, xml) ) {
+					while ( ( matcher = elementMatchers[ j++ ] ) ) {
+						if ( matcher( elem, context || document, xml ) ) {
 							results.push( elem );
 							break;
 						}
@@ -2530,8 +2719,9 @@ function matcherFromGroupMatchers( elementMatchers, setMatchers ) {
 
 				// Track unmatched elements for set filters
 				if ( bySet ) {
+
 					// They will have gone through all possible matchers
-					if ( (elem = !matcher && elem) ) {
+					if ( ( elem = !matcher && elem ) ) {
 						matchedCount--;
 					}
 
@@ -2555,16 +2745,17 @@ function matcherFromGroupMatchers( elementMatchers, setMatchers ) {
 			// numerically zero.
 			if ( bySet && i !== matchedCount ) {
 				j = 0;
-				while ( (matcher = setMatchers[j++]) ) {
+				while ( ( matcher = setMatchers[ j++ ] ) ) {
 					matcher( unmatched, setMatched, context, xml );
 				}
 
 				if ( seed ) {
+
 					// Reintegrate element matches to eliminate the need for sorting
 					if ( matchedCount > 0 ) {
 						while ( i-- ) {
-							if ( !(unmatched[i] || setMatched[i]) ) {
-								setMatched[i] = pop.call( results );
+							if ( !( unmatched[ i ] || setMatched[ i ] ) ) {
+								setMatched[ i ] = pop.call( results );
 							}
 						}
 					}
@@ -2605,13 +2796,14 @@ compile = Sizzle.compile = function( selector, match /* Internal Use Only */ ) {
 		cached = compilerCache[ selector + " " ];
 
 	if ( !cached ) {
+
 		// Generate a function of recursive functions that can be used to check each element
 		if ( !match ) {
 			match = tokenize( selector );
 		}
 		i = match.length;
 		while ( i-- ) {
-			cached = matcherFromTokens( match[i] );
+			cached = matcherFromTokens( match[ i ] );
 			if ( cached[ expando ] ) {
 				setMatchers.push( cached );
 			} else {
@@ -2620,7 +2812,10 @@ compile = Sizzle.compile = function( selector, match /* Internal Use Only */ ) {
 		}
 
 		// Cache the compiled function
-		cached = compilerCache( selector, matcherFromGroupMatchers( elementMatchers, setMatchers ) );
+		cached = compilerCache(
+			selector,
+			matcherFromGroupMatchers( elementMatchers, setMatchers )
+		);
 
 		// Save selector and tokenization
 		cached.selector = selector;
@@ -2640,7 +2835,7 @@ compile = Sizzle.compile = function( selector, match /* Internal Use Only */ ) {
 select = Sizzle.select = function( selector, context, results, seed ) {
 	var i, tokens, token, type, find,
 		compiled = typeof selector === "function" && selector,
-		match = !seed && tokenize( (selector = compiled.selector || selector) );
+		match = !seed && tokenize( ( selector = compiled.selector || selector ) );
 
 	results = results || [];
 
@@ -2649,11 +2844,12 @@ select = Sizzle.select = function( selector, context, results, seed ) {
 	if ( match.length === 1 ) {
 
 		// Reduce context if the leading compound selector is an ID
-		tokens = match[0] = match[0].slice( 0 );
-		if ( tokens.length > 2 && (token = tokens[0]).type === "ID" &&
-				context.nodeType === 9 && documentIsHTML && Expr.relative[ tokens[1].type ] ) {
+		tokens = match[ 0 ] = match[ 0 ].slice( 0 );
+		if ( tokens.length > 2 && ( token = tokens[ 0 ] ).type === "ID" &&
+			context.nodeType === 9 && documentIsHTML && Expr.relative[ tokens[ 1 ].type ] ) {
 
-			context = ( Expr.find["ID"]( token.matches[0].replace(runescape, funescape), context ) || [] )[0];
+			context = ( Expr.find[ "ID" ]( token.matches[ 0 ]
+				.replace( runescape, funescape ), context ) || [] )[ 0 ];
 			if ( !context ) {
 				return results;
 
@@ -2666,20 +2862,22 @@ select = Sizzle.select = function( selector, context, results, seed ) {
 		}
 
 		// Fetch a seed set for right-to-left matching
-		i = matchExpr["needsContext"].test( selector ) ? 0 : tokens.length;
+		i = matchExpr[ "needsContext" ].test( selector ) ? 0 : tokens.length;
 		while ( i-- ) {
-			token = tokens[i];
+			token = tokens[ i ];
 
 			// Abort if we hit a combinator
-			if ( Expr.relative[ (type = token.type) ] ) {
+			if ( Expr.relative[ ( type = token.type ) ] ) {
 				break;
 			}
-			if ( (find = Expr.find[ type ]) ) {
+			if ( ( find = Expr.find[ type ] ) ) {
+
 				// Search, expanding context for leading sibling combinators
-				if ( (seed = find(
-					token.matches[0].replace( runescape, funescape ),
-					rsibling.test( tokens[0].type ) && testContext( context.parentNode ) || context
-				)) ) {
+				if ( ( seed = find(
+					token.matches[ 0 ].replace( runescape, funescape ),
+					rsibling.test( tokens[ 0 ].type ) && testContext( context.parentNode ) ||
+						context
+				) ) ) {
 
 					// If seed is empty or no tokens remain, we can return early
 					tokens.splice( i, 1 );
@@ -2710,7 +2908,7 @@ select = Sizzle.select = function( selector, context, results, seed ) {
 // One-time assignments
 
 // Sort stability
-support.sortStable = expando.split("").sort( sortOrder ).join("") === expando;
+support.sortStable = expando.split( "" ).sort( sortOrder ).join( "" ) === expando;
 
 // Support: Chrome 14-35+
 // Always assume duplicates if they aren't passed to the comparison function
@@ -2721,58 +2919,59 @@ setDocument();
 
 // Support: Webkit<537.32 - Safari 6.0.3/Chrome 25 (fixed in Chrome 27)
 // Detached nodes confoundingly follow *each other*
-support.sortDetached = assert(function( el ) {
+support.sortDetached = assert( function( el ) {
+
 	// Should return 1, but returns 4 (following)
-	return el.compareDocumentPosition( document.createElement("fieldset") ) & 1;
-});
+	return el.compareDocumentPosition( document.createElement( "fieldset" ) ) & 1;
+} );
 
 // Support: IE<8
 // Prevent attribute/property "interpolation"
 // https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms536429%28VS.85%29.aspx
-if ( !assert(function( el ) {
+if ( !assert( function( el ) {
 	el.innerHTML = "<a href='#'></a>";
-	return el.firstChild.getAttribute("href") === "#" ;
-}) ) {
+	return el.firstChild.getAttribute( "href" ) === "#";
+} ) ) {
 	addHandle( "type|href|height|width", function( elem, name, isXML ) {
 		if ( !isXML ) {
 			return elem.getAttribute( name, name.toLowerCase() === "type" ? 1 : 2 );
 		}
-	});
+	} );
 }
 
 // Support: IE<9
 // Use defaultValue in place of getAttribute("value")
-if ( !support.attributes || !assert(function( el ) {
+if ( !support.attributes || !assert( function( el ) {
 	el.innerHTML = "<input/>";
 	el.firstChild.setAttribute( "value", "" );
 	return el.firstChild.getAttribute( "value" ) === "";
-}) ) {
-	addHandle( "value", function( elem, name, isXML ) {
+} ) ) {
+	addHandle( "value", function( elem, _name, isXML ) {
 		if ( !isXML && elem.nodeName.toLowerCase() === "input" ) {
 			return elem.defaultValue;
 		}
-	});
+	} );
 }
 
 // Support: IE<9
 // Use getAttributeNode to fetch booleans when getAttribute lies
-if ( !assert(function( el ) {
-	return el.getAttribute("disabled") == null;
-}) ) {
+if ( !assert( function( el ) {
+	return el.getAttribute( "disabled" ) == null;
+} ) ) {
 	addHandle( booleans, function( elem, name, isXML ) {
 		var val;
 		if ( !isXML ) {
 			return elem[ name ] === true ? name.toLowerCase() :
-					(val = elem.getAttributeNode( name )) && val.specified ?
+				( val = elem.getAttributeNode( name ) ) && val.specified ?
 					val.value :
-				null;
+					null;
 		}
-	});
+	} );
 }
 
 return Sizzle;
 
-})( window );
+} )( window );
 
 
 
@@ -3141,7 +3340,7 @@ jQuery.each( {
 	parents: function( elem ) {
 		return dir( elem, "parentNode" );
 	},
-	parentsUntil: function( elem, i, until ) {
+	parentsUntil: function( elem, _i, until ) {
 		return dir( elem, "parentNode", until );
 	},
 	next: function( elem ) {
@@ -3156,10 +3355,10 @@ jQuery.each( {
 	prevAll: function( elem ) {
 		return dir( elem, "previousSibling" );
 	},
-	nextUntil: function( elem, i, until ) {
+	nextUntil: function( elem, _i, until ) {
 		return dir( elem, "nextSibling", until );
 	},
-	prevUntil: function( elem, i, until ) {
+	prevUntil: function( elem, _i, until ) {
 		return dir( elem, "previousSibling", until );
 	},
 	siblings: function( elem ) {
@@ -3169,7 +3368,13 @@ jQuery.each( {
 		return siblings( elem.firstChild );
 	},
 	contents: function( elem ) {
-		if ( typeof elem.contentDocument !== "undefined" ) {
+		if ( elem.contentDocument != null &&
+
+			// Support: IE 11+
+			// <object> elements with no `data` attribute has an object
+			// `contentDocument` with a `null` prototype.
+			getProto( elem.contentDocument ) ) {
+
 			return elem.contentDocument;
 		}
 
@@ -3512,7 +3717,7 @@ jQuery.extend( {
 					var fns = arguments;
 
 					return jQuery.Deferred( function( newDefer ) {
-						jQuery.each( tuples, function( i, tuple ) {
+						jQuery.each( tuples, function( _i, tuple ) {
 
 							// Map tuples (progress, done, fail) to arguments (done, fail, progress)
 							var fn = isFunction( fns[ tuple[ 4 ] ] ) && fns[ tuple[ 4 ] ];
@@ -3965,7 +4170,7 @@ var access = function( elems, fn, key, value, chainable, emptyGet, raw ) {
 			// ...except when executing function values
 			} else {
 				bulk = fn;
-				fn = function( elem, key, value ) {
+				fn = function( elem, _key, value ) {
 					return bulk.call( jQuery( elem ), value );
 				};
 			}
@@ -4000,7 +4205,7 @@ var rmsPrefix = /^-ms-/,
 	rdashAlpha = /-([a-z])/g;
 
 // Used by camelCase as callback to replace()
-function fcamelCase( all, letter ) {
+function fcamelCase( _all, letter ) {
 	return letter.toUpperCase();
 }
 
@@ -4528,27 +4733,6 @@ var isHiddenWithinTree = function( elem, el ) {
 			jQuery.css( elem, "display" ) === "none";
 	};
 
-var swap = function( elem, options, callback, args ) {
-	var ret, name,
-		old = {};
-
-	// Remember the old values, and insert the new ones
-	for ( name in options ) {
-		old[ name ] = elem.style[ name ];
-		elem.style[ name ] = options[ name ];
-	}
-
-	ret = callback.apply( elem, args || [] );
-
-	// Revert the old values
-	for ( name in options ) {
-		elem.style[ name ] = old[ name ];
-	}
-
-	return ret;
-};
-
-
 
 
 function adjustCSS( elem, prop, valueParts, tween ) {
@@ -4719,11 +4903,40 @@ var rscriptType = ( /^$|^module$|\/(?:java|ecma)script/i );
 
 
 
-// We have to close these tags to support XHTML (#13200)
-var wrapMap = {
+( function() {
+	var fragment = document.createDocumentFragment(),
+		div = fragment.appendChild( document.createElement( "div" ) ),
+		input = document.createElement( "input" );
+
+	// Support: Android 4.0 - 4.3 only
+	// Check state lost if the name is set (#11217)
+	// Support: Windows Web Apps (WWA)
+	// `name` and `type` must use .setAttribute for WWA (#14901)
+	input.setAttribute( "type", "radio" );
+	input.setAttribute( "checked", "checked" );
+	input.setAttribute( "name", "t" );
+
+	div.appendChild( input );
+
+	// Support: Android <=4.1 only
+	// Older WebKit doesn't clone checked state correctly in fragments
+	support.checkClone = div.cloneNode( true ).cloneNode( true ).lastChild.checked;
+
+	// Support: IE <=11 only
+	// Make sure textarea (and checkbox) defaultValue is properly cloned
+	div.innerHTML = "<textarea>x</textarea>";
+	support.noCloneChecked = !!div.cloneNode( true ).lastChild.defaultValue;
 
 	// Support: IE <=9 only
-	option: [ 1, "<select multiple='multiple'>", "</select>" ],
+	// IE <=9 replaces <option> tags with their contents when inserted outside of
+	// the select element.
+	div.innerHTML = "<option></option>";
+	support.option = !!div.lastChild;
+} )();
+
+
+// We have to close these tags to support XHTML (#13200)
+var wrapMap = {
 
 	// XHTML parsers do not magically insert elements in the
 	// same way that tag soup parsers do. So we cannot shorten
@@ -4736,12 +4949,14 @@ var wrapMap = {
 	_default: [ 0, "", "" ]
 };
 
-// Support: IE <=9 only
-wrapMap.optgroup = wrapMap.option;
-
 wrapMap.tbody = wrapMap.tfoot = wrapMap.colgroup = wrapMap.caption = wrapMap.thead;
 wrapMap.th = wrapMap.td;
 
+// Support: IE <=9 only
+if ( !support.option ) {
+	wrapMap.optgroup = wrapMap.option = [ 1, "<select multiple='multiple'>", "</select>" ];
+}
+
 
 function getAll( context, tag ) {
 
@@ -4874,32 +5089,6 @@ function buildFragment( elems, context, scripts, selection, ignored ) {
 }
 
 
-( function() {
-	var fragment = document.createDocumentFragment(),
-		div = fragment.appendChild( document.createElement( "div" ) ),
-		input = document.createElement( "input" );
-
-	// Support: Android 4.0 - 4.3 only
-	// Check state lost if the name is set (#11217)
-	// Support: Windows Web Apps (WWA)
-	// `name` and `type` must use .setAttribute for WWA (#14901)
-	input.setAttribute( "type", "radio" );
-	input.setAttribute( "checked", "checked" );
-	input.setAttribute( "name", "t" );
-
-	div.appendChild( input );
-
-	// Support: Android <=4.1 only
-	// Older WebKit doesn't clone checked state correctly in fragments
-	support.checkClone = div.cloneNode( true ).cloneNode( true ).lastChild.checked;
-
-	// Support: IE <=11 only
-	// Make sure textarea (and checkbox) defaultValue is properly cloned
-	div.innerHTML = "<textarea>x</textarea>";
-	support.noCloneChecked = !!div.cloneNode( true ).lastChild.defaultValue;
-} )();
-
-
 var
 	rkeyEvent = /^key/,
 	rmouseEvent = /^(?:mouse|pointer|contextmenu|drag|drop)|click/,
@@ -5008,8 +5197,8 @@ jQuery.event = {
 			special, handlers, type, namespaces, origType,
 			elemData = dataPriv.get( elem );
 
-		// Don't attach events to noData or text/comment nodes (but allow plain objects)
-		if ( !elemData ) {
+		// Only attach events to objects that accept data
+		if ( !acceptData( elem ) ) {
 			return;
 		}
 
@@ -5033,7 +5222,7 @@ jQuery.event = {
 
 		// Init the element's event structure and main handler, if this is the first
 		if ( !( events = elemData.events ) ) {
-			events = elemData.events = {};
+			events = elemData.events = Object.create( null );
 		}
 		if ( !( eventHandle = elemData.handle ) ) {
 			eventHandle = elemData.handle = function( e ) {
@@ -5191,12 +5380,15 @@ jQuery.event = {
 
 	dispatch: function( nativeEvent ) {
 
-		// Make a writable jQuery.Event from the native event object
-		var event = jQuery.event.fix( nativeEvent );
-
 		var i, j, ret, matched, handleObj, handlerQueue,
 			args = new Array( arguments.length ),
-			handlers = ( dataPriv.get( this, "events" ) || {} )[ event.type ] || [],
+
+			// Make a writable jQuery.Event from the native event object
+			event = jQuery.event.fix( nativeEvent ),
+
+			handlers = (
+					dataPriv.get( this, "events" ) || Object.create( null )
+				)[ event.type ] || [],
 			special = jQuery.event.special[ event.type ] || {};
 
 		// Use the fix-ed jQuery.Event rather than the (read-only) native event
@@ -5771,13 +5963,6 @@ jQuery.fn.extend( {
 
 var
 
-	/* eslint-disable max-len */
-
-	// See https://github.com/eslint/eslint/issues/3229
-	rxhtmlTag = /<(?!area|br|col|embed|hr|img|input|link|meta|param)(([a-z][^\/\0>\x20\t\r\n\f]*)[^>]*)\/>/gi,
-
-	/* eslint-enable */
-
 	// Support: IE <=10 - 11, Edge 12 - 13 only
 	// In IE/Edge using regex groups here causes severe slowdowns.
 	// See https://connect.microsoft.com/IE/feedback/details/1736512/
@@ -5814,7 +5999,7 @@ function restoreScript( elem ) {
 }
 
 function cloneCopyEvent( src, dest ) {
-	var i, l, type, pdataOld, pdataCur, udataOld, udataCur, events;
+	var i, l, type, pdataOld, udataOld, udataCur, events;
 
 	if ( dest.nodeType !== 1 ) {
 		return;
@@ -5822,13 +6007,11 @@ function cloneCopyEvent( src, dest ) {
 
 	// 1. Copy private data: events, handlers, etc.
 	if ( dataPriv.hasData( src ) ) {
-		pdataOld = dataPriv.access( src );
-		pdataCur = dataPriv.set( dest, pdataOld );
+		pdataOld = dataPriv.get( src );
 		events = pdataOld.events;
 
 		if ( events ) {
-			delete pdataCur.handle;
-			pdataCur.events = {};
+			dataPriv.remove( dest, "handle events" );
 
 			for ( type in events ) {
 				for ( i = 0, l = events[ type ].length; i < l; i++ ) {
@@ -5864,7 +6047,7 @@ function fixInput( src, dest ) {
 function domManip( collection, args, callback, ignored ) {
 
 	// Flatten any nested arrays
-	args = concat.apply( [], args );
+	args = flat( args );
 
 	var fragment, first, scripts, hasScripts, node, doc,
 		i = 0,
@@ -5939,7 +6122,7 @@ function domManip( collection, args, callback, ignored ) {
 							if ( jQuery._evalUrl && !node.noModule ) {
 								jQuery._evalUrl( node.src, {
 									nonce: node.nonce || node.getAttribute( "nonce" )
-								} );
+								}, doc );
 							}
 						} else {
 							DOMEval( node.textContent.replace( rcleanScript, "" ), node, doc );
@@ -5976,7 +6159,7 @@ function remove( elem, selector, keepData ) {
 
 jQuery.extend( {
 	htmlPrefilter: function( html ) {
-		return html.replace( rxhtmlTag, "<$1></$2>" );
+		return html;
 	},
 
 	clone: function( elem, dataAndEvents, deepDataAndEvents ) {
@@ -6238,6 +6421,27 @@ var getStyles = function( elem ) {
 		return view.getComputedStyle( elem );
 	};
 
+var swap = function( elem, options, callback ) {
+	var ret, name,
+		old = {};
+
+	// Remember the old values, and insert the new ones
+	for ( name in options ) {
+		old[ name ] = elem.style[ name ];
+		elem.style[ name ] = options[ name ];
+	}
+
+	ret = callback.call( elem );
+
+	// Revert the old values
+	for ( name in options ) {
+		elem.style[ name ] = old[ name ];
+	}
+
+	return ret;
+};
+
+
 var rboxStyle = new RegExp( cssExpand.join( "|" ), "i" );
 
 
@@ -6295,7 +6499,7 @@ var rboxStyle = new RegExp( cssExpand.join( "|" ), "i" );
 	}
 
 	var pixelPositionVal, boxSizingReliableVal, scrollboxSizeVal, pixelBoxStylesVal,
-		reliableMarginLeftVal,
+		reliableTrDimensionsVal, reliableMarginLeftVal,
 		container = document.createElement( "div" ),
 		div = document.createElement( "div" );
 
@@ -6330,6 +6534,35 @@ var rboxStyle = new RegExp( cssExpand.join( "|" ), "i" );
 		scrollboxSize: function() {
 			computeStyleTests();
 			return scrollboxSizeVal;
+		},
+
+		// Support: IE 9 - 11+, Edge 15 - 18+
+		// IE/Edge misreport `getComputedStyle` of table rows with width/height
+		// set in CSS while `offset*` properties report correct values.
+		// Behavior in IE 9 is more subtle than in newer versions & it passes
+		// some versions of this test; make sure not to make it pass there!
+		reliableTrDimensions: function() {
+			var table, tr, trChild, trStyle;
+			if ( reliableTrDimensionsVal == null ) {
+				table = document.createElement( "table" );
+				tr = document.createElement( "tr" );
+				trChild = document.createElement( "div" );
+
+				table.style.cssText = "position:absolute;left:-11111px";
+				tr.style.height = "1px";
+				trChild.style.height = "9px";
+
+				documentElement
+					.appendChild( table )
+					.appendChild( tr )
+					.appendChild( trChild );
+
+				trStyle = window.getComputedStyle( tr );
+				reliableTrDimensionsVal = parseInt( trStyle.height ) > 3;
+
+				documentElement.removeChild( table );
+			}
+			return reliableTrDimensionsVal;
 		}
 	} );
 } )();
@@ -6454,7 +6687,7 @@ var
 		fontWeight: "400"
 	};
 
-function setPositiveNumber( elem, value, subtract ) {
+function setPositiveNumber( _elem, value, subtract ) {
 
 	// Any relative (+/-) values have already been
 	// normalized at this point
@@ -6559,17 +6792,26 @@ function getWidthOrHeight( elem, dimension, extra ) {
 	}
 
 
-	// Fall back to offsetWidth/offsetHeight when value is "auto"
-	// This happens for inline elements with no explicit setting (gh-3571)
-	// Support: Android <=4.1 - 4.3 only
-	// Also use offsetWidth/offsetHeight for misreported inline dimensions (gh-3602)
-	// Support: IE 9-11 only
-	// Also use offsetWidth/offsetHeight for when box sizing is unreliable
-	// We use getClientRects() to check for hidden/disconnected.
-	// In those cases, the computed value can be trusted to be border-box
+	// Support: IE 9 - 11 only
+	// Use offsetWidth/offsetHeight for when box sizing is unreliable.
+	// In those cases, the computed value can be trusted to be border-box.
 	if ( ( !support.boxSizingReliable() && isBorderBox ||
+
+		// Support: IE 10 - 11+, Edge 15 - 18+
+		// IE/Edge misreport `getComputedStyle` of table rows with width/height
+		// set in CSS while `offset*` properties report correct values.
+		// Interestingly, in some cases IE 9 doesn't suffer from this issue.
+		!support.reliableTrDimensions() && nodeName( elem, "tr" ) ||
+
+		// Fall back to offsetWidth/offsetHeight when value is "auto"
+		// This happens for inline elements with no explicit setting (gh-3571)
 		val === "auto" ||
+
+		// Support: Android <=4.1 - 4.3 only
+		// Also use offsetWidth/offsetHeight for misreported inline dimensions (gh-3602)
 		!parseFloat( val ) && jQuery.css( elem, "display", false, styles ) === "inline" ) &&
+
+		// Make sure the element is visible & connected
 		elem.getClientRects().length ) {
 
 		isBorderBox = jQuery.css( elem, "boxSizing", false, styles ) === "border-box";
@@ -6764,7 +7006,7 @@ jQuery.extend( {
 	}
 } );
 
-jQuery.each( [ "height", "width" ], function( i, dimension ) {
+jQuery.each( [ "height", "width" ], function( _i, dimension ) {
 	jQuery.cssHooks[ dimension ] = {
 		get: function( elem, computed, extra ) {
 			if ( computed ) {
@@ -7537,7 +7779,7 @@ jQuery.fn.extend( {
 			clearQueue = type;
 			type = undefined;
 		}
-		if ( clearQueue && type !== false ) {
+		if ( clearQueue ) {
 			this.queue( type || "fx", [] );
 		}
 
@@ -7620,7 +7862,7 @@ jQuery.fn.extend( {
 	}
 } );
 
-jQuery.each( [ "toggle", "show", "hide" ], function( i, name ) {
+jQuery.each( [ "toggle", "show", "hide" ], function( _i, name ) {
 	var cssFn = jQuery.fn[ name ];
 	jQuery.fn[ name ] = function( speed, easing, callback ) {
 		return speed == null || typeof speed === "boolean" ?
@@ -7841,7 +8083,7 @@ boolHook = {
 	}
 };
 
-jQuery.each( jQuery.expr.match.bool.source.match( /\w+/g ), function( i, name ) {
+jQuery.each( jQuery.expr.match.bool.source.match( /\w+/g ), function( _i, name ) {
 	var getter = attrHandle[ name ] || jQuery.find.attr;
 
 	attrHandle[ name ] = function( elem, name, isXML ) {
@@ -8465,7 +8707,9 @@ jQuery.extend( jQuery.event, {
 				special.bindType || type;
 
 			// jQuery handler
-			handle = ( dataPriv.get( cur, "events" ) || {} )[ event.type ] &&
+			handle = (
+					dataPriv.get( cur, "events" ) || Object.create( null )
+				)[ event.type ] &&
 				dataPriv.get( cur, "handle" );
 			if ( handle ) {
 				handle.apply( cur, data );
@@ -8576,7 +8820,10 @@ if ( !support.focusin ) {
 
 		jQuery.event.special[ fix ] = {
 			setup: function() {
-				var doc = this.ownerDocument || this,
+
+				// Handle: regular nodes (via `this.ownerDocument`), window
+				// (via `this.document`) & document (via `this`).
+				var doc = this.ownerDocument || this.document || this,
 					attaches = dataPriv.access( doc, fix );
 
 				if ( !attaches ) {
@@ -8585,7 +8832,7 @@ if ( !support.focusin ) {
 				dataPriv.access( doc, fix, ( attaches || 0 ) + 1 );
 			},
 			teardown: function() {
-				var doc = this.ownerDocument || this,
+				var doc = this.ownerDocument || this.document || this,
 					attaches = dataPriv.access( doc, fix ) - 1;
 
 				if ( !attaches ) {
@@ -8601,7 +8848,7 @@ if ( !support.focusin ) {
 }
 var location = window.location;
 
-var nonce = Date.now();
+var nonce = { guid: Date.now() };
 
 var rquery = ( /\?/ );
 
@@ -8733,7 +8980,7 @@ jQuery.fn.extend( {
 				rsubmittable.test( this.nodeName ) && !rsubmitterTypes.test( type ) &&
 				( this.checked || !rcheckableType.test( type ) );
 		} )
-		.map( function( i, elem ) {
+		.map( function( _i, elem ) {
 			var val = jQuery( this ).val();
 
 			if ( val == null ) {
@@ -9346,7 +9593,8 @@ jQuery.extend( {
 			// Add or update anti-cache param if needed
 			if ( s.cache === false ) {
 				cacheURL = cacheURL.replace( rantiCache, "$1" );
-				uncached = ( rquery.test( cacheURL ) ? "&" : "?" ) + "_=" + ( nonce++ ) + uncached;
+				uncached = ( rquery.test( cacheURL ) ? "&" : "?" ) + "_=" + ( nonce.guid++ ) +
+					uncached;
 			}
 
 			// Put hash and anti-cache on the URL that will be requested (gh-1732)
@@ -9479,6 +9727,11 @@ jQuery.extend( {
 				response = ajaxHandleResponses( s, jqXHR, responses );
 			}
 
+			// Use a noop converter for missing script
+			if ( !isSuccess && jQuery.inArray( "script", s.dataTypes ) > -1 ) {
+				s.converters[ "text script" ] = function() {};
+			}
+
 			// Convert no matter what (that way responseXXX fields are always set)
 			response = ajaxConvert( s, response, jqXHR, isSuccess );
 
@@ -9569,7 +9822,7 @@ jQuery.extend( {
 	}
 } );
 
-jQuery.each( [ "get", "post" ], function( i, method ) {
+jQuery.each( [ "get", "post" ], function( _i, method ) {
 	jQuery[ method ] = function( url, data, callback, type ) {
 
 		// Shift arguments if data argument was omitted
@@ -9590,8 +9843,17 @@ jQuery.each( [ "get", "post" ], function( i, method ) {
 	};
 } );
 
+jQuery.ajaxPrefilter( function( s ) {
+	var i;
+	for ( i in s.headers ) {
+		if ( i.toLowerCase() === "content-type" ) {
+			s.contentType = s.headers[ i ] || "";
+		}
+	}
+} );
+
 
-jQuery._evalUrl = function( url, options ) {
+jQuery._evalUrl = function( url, options, doc ) {
 	return jQuery.ajax( {
 		url: url,
 
@@ -9609,7 +9871,7 @@ jQuery._evalUrl = function( url, options ) {
 			"text script": function() {}
 		},
 		dataFilter: function( response ) {
-			jQuery.globalEval( response, options );
+			jQuery.globalEval( response, options, doc );
 		}
 	} );
 };
@@ -9931,7 +10193,7 @@ var oldCallbacks = [],
 jQuery.ajaxSetup( {
 	jsonp: "callback",
 	jsonpCallback: function() {
-		var callback = oldCallbacks.pop() || ( jQuery.expando + "_" + ( nonce++ ) );
+		var callback = oldCallbacks.pop() || ( jQuery.expando + "_" + ( nonce.guid++ ) );
 		this[ callback ] = true;
 		return callback;
 	}
@@ -10148,23 +10410,6 @@ jQuery.fn.load = function( url, params, callback ) {
 
 
 
-// Attach a bunch of functions for handling common AJAX events
-jQuery.each( [
-	"ajaxStart",
-	"ajaxStop",
-	"ajaxComplete",
-	"ajaxError",
-	"ajaxSuccess",
-	"ajaxSend"
-], function( i, type ) {
-	jQuery.fn[ type ] = function( fn ) {
-		return this.on( type, fn );
-	};
-} );
-
-
-
-
 jQuery.expr.pseudos.animated = function( elem ) {
 	return jQuery.grep( jQuery.timers, function( fn ) {
 		return elem === fn.elem;
@@ -10221,6 +10466,12 @@ jQuery.offset = {
 			options.using.call( elem, props );
 
 		} else {
+			if ( typeof props.top === "number" ) {
+				props.top += "px";
+			}
+			if ( typeof props.left === "number" ) {
+				props.left += "px";
+			}
 			curElem.css( props );
 		}
 	}
@@ -10371,7 +10622,7 @@ jQuery.each( { scrollLeft: "pageXOffset", scrollTop: "pageYOffset" }, function(
 // Blink bug: https://bugs.chromium.org/p/chromium/issues/detail?id=589347
 // getComputedStyle returns percent when specified for top/left/bottom/right;
 // rather than make the css module depend on the offset module, just check for it here
-jQuery.each( [ "top", "left" ], function( i, prop ) {
+jQuery.each( [ "top", "left" ], function( _i, prop ) {
 	jQuery.cssHooks[ prop ] = addGetHookIf( support.pixelPosition,
 		function( elem, computed ) {
 			if ( computed ) {
@@ -10434,25 +10685,19 @@ jQuery.each( { Height: "height", Width: "width" }, function( name, type ) {
 } );
 
 
-jQuery.each( ( "blur focus focusin focusout resize scroll click dblclick " +
-	"mousedown mouseup mousemove mouseover mouseout mouseenter mouseleave " +
-	"change select submit keydown keypress keyup contextmenu" ).split( " " ),
-	function( i, name ) {
-
-	// Handle event binding
-	jQuery.fn[ name ] = function( data, fn ) {
-		return arguments.length > 0 ?
-			this.on( name, null, data, fn ) :
-			this.trigger( name );
+jQuery.each( [
+	"ajaxStart",
+	"ajaxStop",
+	"ajaxComplete",
+	"ajaxError",
+	"ajaxSuccess",
+	"ajaxSend"
+], function( _i, type ) {
+	jQuery.fn[ type ] = function( fn ) {
+		return this.on( type, fn );
 	};
 } );
 
-jQuery.fn.extend( {
-	hover: function( fnOver, fnOut ) {
-		return this.mouseenter( fnOver ).mouseleave( fnOut || fnOver );
-	}
-} );
-
 
 
 
@@ -10474,9 +10719,33 @@ jQuery.fn.extend( {
 		return arguments.length === 1 ?
 			this.off( selector, "**" ) :
 			this.off( types, selector || "**", fn );
+	},
+
+	hover: function( fnOver, fnOut ) {
+		return this.mouseenter( fnOver ).mouseleave( fnOut || fnOver );
 	}
 } );
 
+jQuery.each( ( "blur focus focusin focusout resize scroll click dblclick " +
+	"mousedown mouseup mousemove mouseover mouseout mouseenter mouseleave " +
+	"change select submit keydown keypress keyup contextmenu" ).split( " " ),
+	function( _i, name ) {
+
+		// Handle event binding
+		jQuery.fn[ name ] = function( data, fn ) {
+			return arguments.length > 0 ?
+				this.on( name, null, data, fn ) :
+				this.trigger( name );
+		};
+	} );
+
+
+
+
+// Support: Android <=4.0 only
+// Make sure we trim BOM and NBSP
+var rtrim = /^[\s\uFEFF\xA0]+|[\s\uFEFF\xA0]+$/g;
+
 // Bind a function to a context, optionally partially applying any
 // arguments.
 // jQuery.proxy is deprecated to promote standards (specifically Function#bind)
@@ -10539,6 +10808,11 @@ jQuery.isNumeric = function( obj ) {
 		!isNaN( obj - parseFloat( obj ) );
 };
 
+jQuery.trim = function( text ) {
+	return text == null ?
+		"" :
+		( text + "" ).replace( rtrim, "" );
+};
 
 
 
@@ -10587,7 +10861,7 @@ jQuery.noConflict = function( deep ) {
 // Expose jQuery and $ identifiers, even in AMD
 // (#7102#comment:10, https://github.com/jquery/jquery/pull/557)
 // and CommonJS for browser emulators (#13566)
-if ( !noGlobal ) {
+if ( typeof noGlobal === "undefined" ) {
 	window.jQuery = window.$ = jQuery;
 }
 
diff --git a/sphinx/themes/basic/static/jquery.js b/sphinx/themes/basic/static/jquery.js
index a1c07fd80..b0614034a 100644
--- a/sphinx/themes/basic/static/jquery.js
+++ b/sphinx/themes/basic/static/jquery.js
@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-/*! jQuery v3.4.1 | (c) JS Foundation and other contributors | jquery.org/license */
-!function(e,t){"use strict";"object"==typeof module&&"object"==typeof module.exports?module.exports=e.document?t(e,!0):function(e){if(!e.document)throw new Error("jQuery requires a window with a document");return t(e)}:t(e)}("undefined"!=typeof window?window:this,function(C,e){"use strict";var t=[],E=C.document,r=Object.getPrototypeOf,s=t.slice,g=t.concat,u=t.push,i=t.indexOf,n={},o=n.toString,v=n.hasOwnProperty,a=v.toString,l=a.call(Object),y={},m=function(e){return"function"==typeof e&&"number"!=typeof e.nodeType},x=function(e){return null!=e&&e===e.window},c={type:!0,src:!0,nonce:!0,noModule:!0};function b(e,t,n){var r,i,o=(n=n||E).createElement("script");if(o.text=e,t)for(r in c)(i=t[r]||t.getAttribute&&t.getAttribute(r))&&o.setAttribute(r,i);n.head.appendChild(o).parentNode.removeChild(o)}function w(e){return null==e?e+"":"object"==typeof e||"function"==typeof e?n[o.call(e)]||"object":typeof e}var f="3.4.1",k=function(e,t){return new k.fn.init(e,t)},p=/^[\s\uFEFF\xA0]+|[\s\uFEFF\xA0]+$/g;function d(e){var t=!!e&&"length"in e&&e.length,n=w(e);return!m(e)&&!x(e)&&("array"===n||0===t||"number"==typeof t&&0<t&&t-1 in e)}k.fn=k.prototype={jquery:f,constructor:k,length:0,toArray:function(){return s.call(this)},get:function(e){return null==e?s.call(this):e<0?this[e+this.length]:this[e]},pushStack:function(e){var t=k.merge(this.constructor(),e);return t.prevObject=this,t},each:function(e){return k.each(this,e)},map:function(n){return this.pushStack(k.map(this,function(e,t){return n.call(e,t,e)}))},slice:function(){return this.pushStack(s.apply(this,arguments))},first:function(){return this.eq(0)},last:function(){return this.eq(-1)},eq:function(e){var t=this.length,n=+e+(e<0?t:0);return this.pushStack(0<=n&&n<t?[this[n]]:[])},end:function(){return this.prevObject||this.constructor()},push:u,sort:t.sort,splice:t.splice},k.extend=k.fn.extend=function(){var 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n=C.setTimeout(e,r);t.stop=function(){C.clearTimeout(n)}})},ot=E.createElement("input"),at=E.createElement("select").appendChild(E.createElement("option")),ot.type="checkbox",y.checkOn=""!==ot.value,y.optSelected=at.selected,(ot=E.createElement("input")).value="t",ot.type="radio",y.radioValue="t"===ot.value;var ht,gt=k.expr.attrHandle;k.fn.extend({attr:function(e,t){return _(this,k.attr,e,t,1<arguments.length)},removeAttr:function(e){return this.each(function(){k.removeAttr(this,e)})}}),k.extend({attr:function(e,t,n){var r,i,o=e.nodeType;if(3!==o&&8!==o&&2!==o)return"undefined"==typeof e.getAttribute?k.prop(e,t,n):(1===o&&k.isXMLDoc(e)||(i=k.attrHooks[t.toLowerCase()]||(k.expr.match.bool.test(t)?ht:void 0)),void 0!==n?null===n?void k.removeAttr(e,t):i&&"set"in i&&void 0!==(r=i.set(e,n,t))?r:(e.setAttribute(t,n+""),n):i&&"get"in i&&null!==(r=i.get(e,t))?r:null==(r=k.find.attr(e,t))?void 0:r)},attrHooks:{type:{set:function(e,t){if(!y.radioValue&&"radio"===t&&A(e,"input")){var 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i,o,a,s,u,l,c,f,p=[n||E],d=v.call(e,"type")?e.type:e,h=v.call(e,"namespace")?e.namespace.split("."):[];if(o=f=a=n=n||E,3!==n.nodeType&&8!==n.nodeType&&!Tt.test(d+k.event.triggered)&&(-1<d.indexOf(".")&&(d=(h=d.split(".")).shift(),h.sort()),u=d.indexOf(":")<0&&"on"+d,(e=e[k.expando]?e:new k.Event(d,"object"==typeof e&&e)).isTrigger=r?2:3,e.namespace=h.join("."),e.rnamespace=e.namespace?new RegExp("(^|\\.)"+h.join("\\.(?:.*\\.|)")+"(\\.|$)"):null,e.result=void 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diff --git a/sphinx/themes/bizstyle/layout.html b/sphinx/themes/bizstyle/layout.html
index 126bb59e9..c946f8435 100644
--- a/sphinx/themes/bizstyle/layout.html
+++ b/sphinx/themes/bizstyle/layout.html
@@ -14,10 +14,6 @@
     <script src="{{ pathto('_static/bizstyle.js', 1) }}"></script>
 {%- endblock %}
 
-{# put the sidebar before the body #}
-{% block sidebar1 %}{{ sidebar() }}{% endblock %}
-{% block sidebar2 %}{% endblock %}
-
 {# doctype override #}
 {%- block doctype %}
 <!doctype html>
diff --git a/sphinx/themes/bizstyle/static/bizstyle.css_t b/sphinx/themes/bizstyle/static/bizstyle.css_t
index b13395b4f..465734646 100644
--- a/sphinx/themes/bizstyle/static/bizstyle.css_t
+++ b/sphinx/themes/bizstyle/static/bizstyle.css_t
@@ -39,6 +39,11 @@ div.document {
     -webkit-box-shadow: 2px 2px 5px #000;
 }
 
+div.documentwrapper {
+    float: left;
+    width: 100%;
+}
+
 div.bodywrapper {
     margin: 0 0 0 240px;
     border-left: 1px solid #ccc;
@@ -105,7 +110,6 @@ div.sphinxsidebarwrapper {
 }
 
 div.sphinxsidebar {
-    margin: 0;
     padding: 0.5em 12px 12px 12px;
     width: {{ theme_sidebarwidth|todim }};
     {%- if theme_rightsidebar|tobool %}
diff --git a/sphinx/themes/sphinxdoc/layout.html b/sphinx/themes/sphinxdoc/layout.html
deleted file mode 100644
index bdae9a441..000000000
--- a/sphinx/themes/sphinxdoc/layout.html
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,14 +0,0 @@
-{#
-    sphinxdoc/layout.html
-    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
-
-    Sphinx layout template for the sphinxdoc theme.
-
-    :copyright: Copyright 2007-2020 by the Sphinx team, see AUTHORS.
-    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
-#}
-{%- extends "basic/layout.html" %}
-
-{# put the sidebar before the body #}
-{% block sidebar1 %}{{ sidebar() }}{% endblock %}
-{% block sidebar2 %}{% endblock %}
diff --git a/sphinx/themes/sphinxdoc/static/sphinxdoc.css_t b/sphinx/themes/sphinxdoc/static/sphinxdoc.css_t
index 4034c617d..626d8c3f2 100644
--- a/sphinx/themes/sphinxdoc/static/sphinxdoc.css_t
+++ b/sphinx/themes/sphinxdoc/static/sphinxdoc.css_t
@@ -37,6 +37,11 @@ div.document {
     background-repeat: repeat-x;
 }
 
+div.documentwrapper {
+    float: left;
+    width: 100%;
+}
+
 div.bodywrapper {
     margin: 0 calc({{ theme_sidebarwidth|todim }} + 10px) 0 0;
     border-right: 1px solid #ccc;
@@ -86,7 +91,6 @@ div.sphinxsidebarwrapper {
 }
 
 div.sphinxsidebar {
-    margin: 0;
     padding: 0.5em 15px 15px 0;
     width: calc({{ theme_sidebarwidth|todim }} - 20px);
     float: right;
diff --git a/sphinx/transforms/post_transforms/__init__.py b/sphinx/transforms/post_transforms/__init__.py
index 5bd9723e0..4499e3376 100644
--- a/sphinx/transforms/post_transforms/__init__.py
+++ b/sphinx/transforms/post_transforms/__init__.py
@@ -92,7 +92,8 @@ class ReferencesResolver(SphinxPostTransform):
                 # no new node found? try the missing-reference event
                 if newnode is None:
                     newnode = self.app.emit_firstresult('missing-reference', self.env,
-                                                        node, contnode)
+                                                        node, contnode,
+                                                        allowed_exceptions=(NoUri,))
                     # still not found? warn if node wishes to be warned about or
                     # we are in nit-picky mode
                     if newnode is None:
diff --git a/sphinx/util/console.py b/sphinx/util/console.py
index 98563f58e..d429be602 100644
--- a/sphinx/util/console.py
+++ b/sphinx/util/console.py
@@ -35,8 +35,7 @@ def get_terminal_width() -> int:
         import termios
         import fcntl
         import struct
-        call = fcntl.ioctl(0, termios.TIOCGWINSZ,  # type: ignore
-                           struct.pack('hhhh', 0, 0, 0, 0))
+        call = fcntl.ioctl(0, termios.TIOCGWINSZ, struct.pack('hhhh', 0, 0, 0, 0))
         height, width = struct.unpack('hhhh', call)[:2]
         terminal_width = width
     except Exception:
diff --git a/sphinx/util/images.py b/sphinx/util/images.py
index 115007d31..0ddf64908 100644
--- a/sphinx/util/images.py
+++ b/sphinx/util/images.py
@@ -54,7 +54,7 @@ def get_image_size(filename: str) -> Optional[Tuple[int, int]]:
 
 
 def guess_mimetype_for_stream(stream: IO, default: Optional[str] = None) -> Optional[str]:
-    imgtype = imghdr.what(stream)  # type: ignore
+    imgtype = imghdr.what(stream)
     if imgtype:
         return 'image/' + imgtype
     else:
diff --git a/sphinx/util/inspect.py b/sphinx/util/inspect.py
index 79efbeaf7..f1efeee2b 100644
--- a/sphinx/util/inspect.py
+++ b/sphinx/util/inspect.py
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import enum
 import inspect
 import re
 import sys
+import types
 import typing
 import warnings
 from functools import partial, partialmethod
@@ -304,6 +305,18 @@ def isproperty(obj: Any) -> bool:
     return isinstance(obj, property)
 
 
+def isgenericalias(obj: Any) -> bool:
+    """Check if the object is GenericAlias."""
+    if (hasattr(typing, '_GenericAlias') and  # only for py37+
+            isinstance(obj, typing._GenericAlias)):  # type: ignore
+        return True
+    elif (hasattr(types, 'GenericAlias') and  # only for py39+
+          isinstance(obj, types.GenericAlias)):  # type: ignore
+        return True
+    else:
+        return False
+
+
 def safe_getattr(obj: Any, name: str, *defargs: Any) -> Any:
     """A getattr() that turns all exceptions into AttributeErrors."""
     try:
@@ -501,19 +514,34 @@ def signature_from_str(signature: str) -> inspect.Signature:
 
     # parameters
     args = definition.args
+    defaults = list(args.defaults)
     params = []
+    if hasattr(args, "posonlyargs"):
+        posonlyargs = len(args.posonlyargs)  # type: ignore
+        positionals = posonlyargs + len(args.args)
+    else:
+        posonlyargs = 0
+        positionals = len(args.args)
+
+    for _ in range(len(defaults), positionals):
+        defaults.insert(0, Parameter.empty)
 
     if hasattr(args, "posonlyargs"):
-        for arg in args.posonlyargs:  # type: ignore
+        for i, arg in enumerate(args.posonlyargs):  # type: ignore
+            if defaults[i] is Parameter.empty:
+                default = Parameter.empty
+            else:
+                default = ast_unparse(defaults[i])
+
             annotation = ast_unparse(arg.annotation) or Parameter.empty
             params.append(Parameter(arg.arg, Parameter.POSITIONAL_ONLY,
-                                    annotation=annotation))
+                                    default=default, annotation=annotation))
 
     for i, arg in enumerate(args.args):
-        if len(args.args) - i <= len(args.defaults):
-            default = ast_unparse(args.defaults[-len(args.args) + i])
-        else:
+        if defaults[i + posonlyargs] is Parameter.empty:
             default = Parameter.empty
+        else:
+            default = ast_unparse(defaults[i + posonlyargs])
 
         annotation = ast_unparse(arg.annotation) or Parameter.empty
         params.append(Parameter(arg.arg, Parameter.POSITIONAL_OR_KEYWORD,
@@ -561,7 +589,7 @@ def getdoc(obj: Any, attrgetter: Callable = safe_getattr,
             # This tries to obtain the docstring from super classes.
             for basecls in getattr(cls, '__mro__', []):
                 meth = safe_getattr(basecls, name, None)
-                if meth:
+                if meth is not None:
                     doc = inspect.getdoc(meth)
                     if doc:
                         break
diff --git a/sphinx/util/nodes.py b/sphinx/util/nodes.py
index 3980e9707..712db4ef4 100644
--- a/sphinx/util/nodes.py
+++ b/sphinx/util/nodes.py
@@ -25,6 +25,7 @@ from sphinx.util import logging
 
 if TYPE_CHECKING:
     from sphinx.builders import Builder
+    from sphinx.domain import IndexEntry
     from sphinx.environment import BuildEnvironment
     from sphinx.utils.tags import Tags
 
@@ -303,7 +304,7 @@ def get_prev_node(node: Node) -> Node:
         return None
 
 
-def traverse_translatable_index(doctree: Element) -> Iterable[Tuple[Element, List[str]]]:
+def traverse_translatable_index(doctree: Element) -> Iterable[Tuple[Element, List["IndexEntry"]]]:  # NOQA
     """Traverse translatable index node from a document tree."""
     for node in doctree.traverse(NodeMatcher(addnodes.index, inline=False)):  # type: addnodes.index  # NOQA
         if 'raw_entries' in node:
diff --git a/sphinx/util/template.py b/sphinx/util/template.py
index 2449a60a1..18047d687 100644
--- a/sphinx/util/template.py
+++ b/sphinx/util/template.py
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ class BaseRenderer:
     def __init__(self, loader: BaseLoader = None) -> None:
         self.env = SandboxedEnvironment(loader=loader, extensions=['jinja2.ext.i18n'])
         self.env.filters['repr'] = repr
-        self.env.install_gettext_translations(get_translator())  # type: ignore
+        self.env.install_gettext_translations(get_translator())
 
     def render(self, template_name: str, context: Dict) -> str:
         return self.env.get_template(template_name).render(context)
diff --git a/sphinx/util/typing.py b/sphinx/util/typing.py
index 8ad8bf75d..6f12a453a 100644
--- a/sphinx/util/typing.py
+++ b/sphinx/util/typing.py
@@ -53,7 +53,7 @@ def stringify(annotation: Any) -> str:
         return annotation.__name__
     elif not annotation:
         return repr(annotation)
-    elif annotation is NoneType:  # type: ignore
+    elif annotation is NoneType:
         return 'None'
     elif (getattr(annotation, '__module__', None) == 'builtins' and
           hasattr(annotation, '__qualname__')):
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ def _stringify_py37(annotation: Any) -> str:
 
     if getattr(annotation, '__args__', None):
         if qualname == 'Union':
-            if len(annotation.__args__) > 1 and annotation.__args__[-1] is NoneType:  # type: ignore  # NOQA
+            if len(annotation.__args__) > 1 and annotation.__args__[-1] is NoneType:
                 if len(annotation.__args__) > 2:
                     args = ', '.join(stringify(a) for a in annotation.__args__[:-1])
                     return 'Optional[Union[%s]]' % args
@@ -159,7 +159,7 @@ def _stringify_py36(annotation: Any) -> str:
           annotation.__origin__ is typing.Union):
         params = annotation.__args__
         if params is not None:
-            if len(params) > 1 and params[-1] is NoneType:  # type: ignore
+            if len(params) > 1 and params[-1] is NoneType:
                 if len(params) > 2:
                     param_str = ", ".join(stringify(p) for p in params[:-1])
                     return 'Optional[Union[%s]]' % param_str
diff --git a/sphinx/writers/latex.py b/sphinx/writers/latex.py
index 09b483913..b49ad6991 100644
--- a/sphinx/writers/latex.py
+++ b/sphinx/writers/latex.py
@@ -1428,6 +1428,8 @@ class LaTeXTranslator(SphinxTranslator):
 
         if 'refuri' in node:
             return
+        if 'anonymous' in node:
+            return
         if node.get('refid'):
             prev_node = get_prev_node(node)
             if isinstance(prev_node, nodes.reference) and node['refid'] == prev_node['refid']:
diff --git a/tests/roots/test-ext-autodoc/target/docstring_signature.py b/tests/roots/test-ext-autodoc/target/docstring_signature.py
index 2e5499770..244109629 100644
--- a/tests/roots/test-ext-autodoc/target/docstring_signature.py
+++ b/tests/roots/test-ext-autodoc/target/docstring_signature.py
@@ -17,3 +17,9 @@ class C:
 class D:
     def __init__(self):
         """D(foo, bar, baz)"""
+
+
+class E:
+    def __init__(self):
+        """E(foo: int, bar: int, baz: int) -> None \\
+        E(foo: str, bar: str, baz: str) -> None"""
diff --git a/tests/roots/test-ext-autodoc/target/genericalias.py b/tests/roots/test-ext-autodoc/target/genericalias.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..78b68cd63
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/roots/test-ext-autodoc/target/genericalias.py
@@ -0,0 +1,6 @@
+from typing import List, Callable
+
+#: A list of int
+T = List[int]
+
+C = Callable[[int], None]  # a generic alias not having a doccomment
diff --git a/tests/roots/test-ext-autodoc/target/sort_by_all.py b/tests/roots/test-ext-autodoc/target/sort_by_all.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..03def4715
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/roots/test-ext-autodoc/target/sort_by_all.py
@@ -0,0 +1,25 @@
+__all__ = ['baz', 'foo', 'Bar']
+
+
+def foo():
+    pass
+
+
+class Bar:
+    pass
+
+
+def baz():
+    pass
+
+
+def qux():
+    pass
+
+
+class Quux:
+    pass
+
+
+def foobar():
+    pass
diff --git a/tests/roots/test-ext-autodoc/target/typehints.py b/tests/roots/test-ext-autodoc/target/typehints.py
index 4503d41e4..1a70eca67 100644
--- a/tests/roots/test-ext-autodoc/target/typehints.py
+++ b/tests/roots/test-ext-autodoc/target/typehints.py
@@ -37,6 +37,26 @@ def tuple_args(x: Tuple[int, Union[int, str]]) -> Tuple[int, int]:
     pass
 
 
+class NewAnnotation:
+    def __new__(cls, i: int) -> 'NewAnnotation':
+        pass
+
+
+class NewComment:
+    def __new__(cls, i):
+        # type: (int) -> NewComment
+        pass
+
+
+class _MetaclassWithCall(type):
+    def __call__(cls, a: int):
+        pass
+
+
+class SignatureFromMetaclass(metaclass=_MetaclassWithCall):
+    pass
+
+
 def complex_func(arg1, arg2, arg3=None, *args, **kwargs):
     # type: (str, List[int], Tuple[int, Union[str, Unknown]], *str, **str) -> None
     pass
@@ -48,4 +68,3 @@ def missing_attr(c,
                  ):
     # type: (...) -> str
     return a + (b or "")
-
diff --git a/tests/roots/test-ext-autosummary/autosummary_dummy_module.py b/tests/roots/test-ext-autosummary/autosummary_dummy_module.py
index ffd381f51..85981a0f8 100644
--- a/tests/roots/test-ext-autosummary/autosummary_dummy_module.py
+++ b/tests/roots/test-ext-autosummary/autosummary_dummy_module.py
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-from os import *  # NOQA
+from os import path  # NOQA
 from typing import Union
 
 
@@ -17,5 +17,25 @@ class Foo:
         pass
 
 
-def bar(x: Union[int, str], y: int = 1):
+class _Baz:
     pass
+
+
+def bar(x: Union[int, str], y: int = 1) -> None:
+    pass
+
+
+def _quux():
+    pass
+
+
+class Exc(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+class _Exc(Exception):
+    pass
+
+
+#: a module-level attribute
+qux = 2
diff --git a/tests/roots/test-ext-autosummary/index.rst b/tests/roots/test-ext-autosummary/index.rst
index bc3f80234..9f657bb73 100644
--- a/tests/roots/test-ext-autosummary/index.rst
+++ b/tests/roots/test-ext-autosummary/index.rst
@@ -11,4 +11,5 @@
    autosummary_dummy_module.Foo
    autosummary_dummy_module.Foo.Bar
    autosummary_dummy_module.bar
+   autosummary_dummy_module.qux
    autosummary_importfail
diff --git a/tests/test_domain_c.py b/tests/test_domain_c.py
index 795e8ed37..10a20b9d1 100644
--- a/tests/test_domain_c.py
+++ b/tests/test_domain_c.py
@@ -126,6 +126,15 @@ def test_expressions():
             print("Result:   ", res)
             print("Expected: ", output)
             raise DefinitionError("")
+        displayString = ast.get_display_string()
+        if res != displayString:
+            # note: if the expression contains an anon name then this will trigger a falsely
+            print("")
+            print("Input:    ", expr)
+            print("Result:   ", res)
+            print("Display:  ", displayString)
+            raise DefinitionError("")
+
     # type expressions
     exprCheck('int*')
     exprCheck('int *const*')
@@ -400,7 +409,7 @@ def test_function_definitions():
           output='void f(int arr[static volatile const 42])')
 
 
-class test_nested_name():
+def test_nested_name():
     check('struct', '{key}.A', {1: "A"})
     check('struct', '{key}.A.B', {1: "A.B"})
     check('function', 'void f(.A a)', {1: "f"})
diff --git a/tests/test_domain_cpp.py b/tests/test_domain_cpp.py
index 4de08030c..48227dddc 100644
--- a/tests/test_domain_cpp.py
+++ b/tests/test_domain_cpp.py
@@ -154,6 +154,15 @@ def test_expressions():
             print("Input:    ", expr)
             print("Result:   ", res)
             raise DefinitionError("")
+        displayString = ast.get_display_string()
+        if res != displayString:
+            # note: if the expression contains an anon name then this will trigger a falsely
+            print("")
+            print("Input:    ", expr)
+            print("Result:   ", res)
+            print("Display:  ", displayString)
+            raise DefinitionError("")
+
     # primary
     exprCheck('nullptr', 'LDnE')
     exprCheck('true', 'L1E')
@@ -662,7 +671,7 @@ def test_operators():
     check('function', 'void operator[]()', {1: "subscript-operator", 2: "ixv"})
 
 
-class test_nested_name():
+def test_nested_name():
     check('class', '{key}::A', {1: "A", 2: "1A"})
     check('class', '{key}::A::B', {1: "A::B", 2: "N1A1BE"})
     check('function', 'void f(::A a)', {1: "f__A", 2: "1f1A"})
@@ -818,6 +827,15 @@ def test_templates():
     check('type', 'template<C T = int&> {key}A', {2: 'I_1CE1A'}, key='using')
 
 
+def test_requires_clauses():
+    check('function', 'template<typename T> requires A auto f() -> void requires B',
+          {4: 'I0EIQaa1A1BE1fvv'})
+    check('function', 'template<typename T> requires A || B or C void f()',
+          {4: 'I0EIQoo1Aoo1B1CE1fvv'})
+    check('function', 'template<typename T> requires A && B || C and D void f()',
+          {4: 'I0EIQooaa1A1Baa1C1DE1fvv'})
+
+
 def test_template_args():
     # from breathe#218
     check('function',
diff --git a/tests/test_events.py b/tests/test_events.py
index 4881588a4..4fbe03a17 100644
--- a/tests/test_events.py
+++ b/tests/test_events.py
@@ -8,6 +8,9 @@
     :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
 """
 
+import pytest
+
+from sphinx.errors import ExtensionError
 from sphinx.events import EventManager
 
 
@@ -22,3 +25,19 @@ def test_event_priority():
 
     events.emit('builder-inited')
     assert result == [3, 1, 2, 5, 4]
+
+
+def test_event_allowed_exceptions():
+    def raise_error(app):
+        raise RuntimeError
+
+    events = EventManager(object())  # pass an dummy object as an app
+    events.connect('builder-inited', raise_error, priority=500)
+
+    # all errors are conveted to ExtensionError
+    with pytest.raises(ExtensionError):
+        events.emit('builder-inited')
+
+    # Allow RuntimeError (pass-through)
+    with pytest.raises(RuntimeError):
+        events.emit('builder-inited', allowed_exceptions=(RuntimeError,))
diff --git a/tests/test_ext_autodoc.py b/tests/test_ext_autodoc.py
index 4ed4a9b05..5cc1f3c22 100644
--- a/tests/test_ext_autodoc.py
+++ b/tests/test_ext_autodoc.py
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 """
-    test_autodoc
-    ~~~~~~~~~~~~
+    test_ext_autodoc
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
     Test the autodoc extension.  This tests mainly the Documenters; the auto
     directives are tested in a test source file translated by test_build.
@@ -162,7 +162,6 @@ def test_format_signature(app):
         pass
     assert formatsig('function', 'f', f, None, None) == '(a, b, c=1, **d)'
     assert formatsig('function', 'f', f, 'a, b, c, d', None) == '(a, b, c, d)'
-    assert formatsig('function', 'f', f, None, 'None') == '(a, b, c=1, **d) -> None'
     assert formatsig('function', 'g', g, None, None) == r"(a='\n')"
 
     # test for classes
@@ -170,21 +169,64 @@ def test_format_signature(app):
         pass
 
     class E:
-        pass
-    # no signature for classes without __init__
+        def __init__(self):
+            pass
+
+    # an empty init and no init are the same
     for C in (D, E):
-        assert formatsig('class', 'D', C, None, None) == ''
+        assert formatsig('class', 'D', C, None, None) == '()'
+
+
+    class SomeMeta(type):
+        def __call__(cls, a, b=None):
+            return type.__call__(cls, a, b)
 
+    # these three are all equivalent
     class F:
         def __init__(self, a, b=None):
             pass
 
+    class FNew:
+        def __new__(cls, a, b=None):
+            return super().__new__(cls)
+
+    class FMeta(metaclass=SomeMeta):
+        pass
+
+    # and subclasses should always inherit
     class G(F):
         pass
-    for C in (F, G):
+
+    class GNew(FNew):
+        pass
+
+    class GMeta(FMeta):
+        pass
+
+    # subclasses inherit
+    for C in (F, FNew, FMeta, G, GNew, GMeta):
         assert formatsig('class', 'C', C, None, None) == '(a, b=None)'
     assert formatsig('class', 'C', D, 'a, b', 'X') == '(a, b) -> X'
 
+
+    class ListSubclass(list):
+        pass
+
+    # only supported if the python implementation decides to document it
+    if getattr(list, '__text_signature__', None) is not None:
+        assert formatsig('class', 'C', ListSubclass, None, None) == '(iterable=(), /)'
+    else:
+        assert formatsig('class', 'C', ListSubclass, None, None) == ''
+
+
+    class ExceptionSubclass(Exception):
+        pass
+
+    # Exception has no __text_signature__ at least in Python 3.8
+    if getattr(Exception, '__text_signature__', None) is None:
+        assert formatsig('class', 'C', ExceptionSubclass, None, None) == ''
+
+
     # __init__ have signature at first line of docstring
     directive.env.config.autoclass_content = 'both'
 
@@ -247,6 +289,27 @@ def test_format_signature(app):
         '(b, c=42, *d, **e)'
 
 
+def test_autodoc_process_signature_typehints(app):
+    captured = []
+
+    def process_signature(*args):
+        captured.append(args)
+
+    app.connect('autodoc-process-signature', process_signature)
+
+    def func(x: int, y: int) -> int:
+        pass
+
+    directive = make_directive_bridge(app.env)
+    inst = app.registry.documenters['function'](directive, 'func')
+    inst.fullname = 'func'
+    inst.object = func
+    inst.objpath = ['func']
+    inst.format_signature()
+    assert captured == [(app, 'function', 'func', func,
+                         directive.genopt, '(x: int, y: int)', 'int')]
+
+
 def test_get_doc(app):
     directive = make_directive_bridge(app.env)
 
@@ -477,14 +540,14 @@ def test_autodoc_members(app):
     # default (no-members)
     actual = do_autodoc(app, 'class', 'target.inheritance.Base')
     assert list(filter(lambda l: '::' in l, actual)) == [
-        '.. py:class:: Base',
+        '.. py:class:: Base()',
     ]
 
     # default ALL-members
     options = {"members": None}
     actual = do_autodoc(app, 'class', 'target.inheritance.Base', options)
     assert list(filter(lambda l: '::' in l, actual)) == [
-        '.. py:class:: Base',
+        '.. py:class:: Base()',
         '   .. py:method:: Base.inheritedclassmeth()',
         '   .. py:method:: Base.inheritedmeth()',
         '   .. py:method:: Base.inheritedstaticmeth(cls)'
@@ -494,7 +557,7 @@ def test_autodoc_members(app):
     options = {"members": "inheritedmeth,inheritedstaticmeth"}
     actual = do_autodoc(app, 'class', 'target.inheritance.Base', options)
     assert list(filter(lambda l: '::' in l, actual)) == [
-        '.. py:class:: Base',
+        '.. py:class:: Base()',
         '   .. py:method:: Base.inheritedmeth()',
         '   .. py:method:: Base.inheritedstaticmeth(cls)'
     ]
@@ -506,7 +569,7 @@ def test_autodoc_exclude_members(app):
                "exclude-members": "inheritedmeth,inheritedstaticmeth"}
     actual = do_autodoc(app, 'class', 'target.inheritance.Base', options)
     assert list(filter(lambda l: '::' in l, actual)) == [
-        '.. py:class:: Base',
+        '.. py:class:: Base()',
         '   .. py:method:: Base.inheritedclassmeth()'
     ]
 
@@ -515,7 +578,7 @@ def test_autodoc_exclude_members(app):
                "exclude-members": "inheritedmeth"}
     actual = do_autodoc(app, 'class', 'target.inheritance.Base', options)
     assert list(filter(lambda l: '::' in l, actual)) == [
-        '.. py:class:: Base',
+        '.. py:class:: Base()',
     ]
 
 
@@ -659,10 +722,10 @@ def test_autodoc_ignore_module_all(app):
     assert list(filter(lambda l: 'class::' in l, actual)) == [
         '.. py:class:: Class(arg)',
         '.. py:class:: CustomDict',
-        '.. py:class:: InnerChild',
+        '.. py:class:: InnerChild()',
         '.. py:class:: InstAttCls()',
-        '.. py:class:: Outer',
-        '   .. py:class:: Outer.Inner',
+        '.. py:class:: Outer()',
+        '   .. py:class:: Outer.Inner()',
         '.. py:class:: StrRepr'
     ]
 
@@ -683,7 +746,7 @@ def test_autodoc_noindex(app):
     actual = do_autodoc(app, 'class', 'target.inheritance.Base', options)
     assert list(actual) == [
         '',
-        '.. py:class:: Base',
+        '.. py:class:: Base()',
         '   :noindex:',
         '   :module: target.inheritance',
         ''
@@ -710,13 +773,13 @@ def test_autodoc_inner_class(app):
     actual = do_autodoc(app, 'class', 'target.Outer', options)
     assert list(actual) == [
         '',
-        '.. py:class:: Outer',
+        '.. py:class:: Outer()',
         '   :module: target',
         '',
         '   Foo',
         '',
         '',
-        '   .. py:class:: Outer.Inner',
+        '   .. py:class:: Outer.Inner()',
         '      :module: target',
         '',
         '      Foo',
@@ -737,7 +800,7 @@ def test_autodoc_inner_class(app):
     actual = do_autodoc(app, 'class', 'target.Outer.Inner', options)
     assert list(actual) == [
         '',
-        '.. py:class:: Outer.Inner',
+        '.. py:class:: Outer.Inner()',
         '   :module: target',
         '',
         '   Foo',
@@ -754,7 +817,7 @@ def test_autodoc_inner_class(app):
     actual = do_autodoc(app, 'class', 'target.InnerChild', options)
     assert list(actual) == [
         '',
-        '.. py:class:: InnerChild',
+        '.. py:class:: InnerChild()',
         '   :module: target', '',
         '   Bases: :class:`target.Outer.Inner`',
         '',
@@ -798,7 +861,7 @@ def test_autodoc_descriptor(app):
     actual = do_autodoc(app, 'class', 'target.descriptor.Class', options)
     assert list(actual) == [
         '',
-        '.. py:class:: Class',
+        '.. py:class:: Class()',
         '   :module: target.descriptor',
         '',
         '',
@@ -818,21 +881,6 @@ def test_autodoc_descriptor(app):
 
 
 @pytest.mark.sphinx('html', testroot='ext-autodoc')
-def test_autodoc_c_module(app):
-    actual = do_autodoc(app, 'function', 'time.asctime')
-    assert list(actual) == [
-        '',
-        '.. py:function:: asctime([tuple]) -> string',
-        '   :module: time',
-        '',
-        "   Convert a time tuple to a string, e.g. 'Sat Jun 06 16:26:11 1998'.",
-        '   When the time tuple is not present, current time as returned by localtime()',
-        '   is used.',
-        '',
-    ]
-
-
-@pytest.mark.sphinx('html', testroot='ext-autodoc')
 def test_autodoc_member_order(app):
     # case member-order='bysource'
     options = {"members": None,
@@ -910,6 +958,40 @@ def test_autodoc_member_order(app):
 
 
 @pytest.mark.sphinx('html', testroot='ext-autodoc')
+def test_autodoc_module_member_order(app):
+    # case member-order='bysource'
+    options = {"members": 'foo, Bar, baz, qux, Quux, foobar',
+               'member-order': 'bysource',
+               "undoc-members": True}
+    actual = do_autodoc(app, 'module', 'target.sort_by_all', options)
+    assert list(filter(lambda l: '::' in l, actual)) == [
+        '.. py:module:: target.sort_by_all',
+        '.. py:function:: baz()',
+        '.. py:function:: foo()',
+        '.. py:class:: Bar()',
+        '.. py:class:: Quux()',
+        '.. py:function:: foobar()',
+        '.. py:function:: qux()',
+    ]
+
+    # case member-order='bysource' and ignore-module-all
+    options = {"members": 'foo, Bar, baz, qux, Quux, foobar',
+               'member-order': 'bysource',
+               "undoc-members": True,
+               "ignore-module-all": True}
+    actual = do_autodoc(app, 'module', 'target.sort_by_all', options)
+    assert list(filter(lambda l: '::' in l, actual)) == [
+        '.. py:module:: target.sort_by_all',
+        '.. py:function:: foo()',
+        '.. py:class:: Bar()',
+        '.. py:function:: baz()',
+        '.. py:function:: qux()',
+        '.. py:class:: Quux()',
+        '.. py:function:: foobar()',
+    ]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.sphinx('html', testroot='ext-autodoc')
 def test_autodoc_module_scope(app):
     app.env.temp_data['autodoc:module'] = 'target'
     actual = do_autodoc(app, 'attribute', 'Class.mdocattr')
@@ -947,7 +1029,7 @@ def test_class_attributes(app):
     actual = do_autodoc(app, 'class', 'target.AttCls', options)
     assert list(actual) == [
         '',
-        '.. py:class:: AttCls',
+        '.. py:class:: AttCls()',
         '   :module: target',
         '',
         '',
@@ -1067,7 +1149,7 @@ def test_slots(app):
         '      :module: target.slots',
         '',
         '',
-        '.. py:class:: Foo',
+        '.. py:class:: Foo()',
         '   :module: target.slots',
         '',
         '',
@@ -1083,7 +1165,7 @@ def test_enum_class(app):
     actual = do_autodoc(app, 'class', 'target.enum.EnumCls', options)
     assert list(actual) == [
         '',
-        '.. py:class:: EnumCls',
+        '.. py:class:: EnumCls(value)',
         '   :module: target.enum',
         '',
         '   this is enum class',
@@ -1167,96 +1249,6 @@ def test_descriptor_class(app):
 
 
 @pytest.mark.sphinx('html', testroot='ext-autodoc')
-def test_autofunction_for_classes(app):
-    actual = do_autodoc(app, 'function', 'target.classes.Foo')
-    assert list(actual) == [
-        '',
-        '.. py:function:: Foo()',
-        '   :module: target.classes',
-        '',
-    ]
-
-    actual = do_autodoc(app, 'function', 'target.classes.Bar')
-    assert list(actual) == [
-        '',
-        '.. py:function:: Bar(x, y)',
-        '   :module: target.classes',
-        '',
-    ]
-
-    actual = do_autodoc(app, 'function', 'target.classes.Baz')
-    assert list(actual) == [
-        '',
-        '.. py:function:: Baz(x, y)',
-        '   :module: target.classes',
-        '',
-    ]
-
-
-@pytest.mark.sphinx('html', testroot='ext-autodoc')
-def test_autofunction_for_callable(app):
-    actual = do_autodoc(app, 'function', 'target.callable.function')
-    assert list(actual) == [
-        '',
-        '.. py:function:: function(arg1, arg2, **kwargs)',
-        '   :module: target.callable',
-        '',
-        '   A callable object that behaves like a function.',
-        '',
-    ]
-
-
-@pytest.mark.sphinx('html', testroot='ext-autodoc')
-def test_autofunction_for_method(app):
-    actual = do_autodoc(app, 'function', 'target.callable.method')
-    assert list(actual) == [
-        '',
-        '.. py:function:: method(arg1, arg2)',
-        '   :module: target.callable',
-        '',
-        '   docstring of Callable.method().',
-        '',
-    ]
-
-
-@pytest.mark.sphinx('html', testroot='ext-autodoc')
-def test_autofunction_for_builtin(app):
-    actual = do_autodoc(app, 'function', 'os.umask')
-    assert list(actual) == [
-        '',
-        '.. py:function:: umask(mask, /)',
-        '   :module: os',
-        '',
-        '   Set the current numeric umask and return the previous umask.',
-        '',
-    ]
-
-
-@pytest.mark.sphinx('html', testroot='ext-autodoc')
-def test_autofunction_for_methoddescriptor(app):
-    actual = do_autodoc(app, 'function', 'builtins.int.__add__')
-    assert list(actual) == [
-        '',
-        '.. py:function:: int.__add__(self, value, /)',
-        '   :module: builtins',
-        '',
-        '   Return self+value.',
-        '',
-    ]
-
-
-@pytest.mark.sphinx('html', testroot='ext-autodoc')
-def test_autofunction_for_decorated(app):
-    actual = do_autodoc(app, 'function', 'target.decorator.foo')
-    assert list(actual) == [
-        '',
-        '.. py:function:: foo()',
-        '   :module: target.decorator',
-        '',
-    ]
-
-
-@pytest.mark.sphinx('html', testroot='ext-autodoc')
 def test_automethod_for_builtin(app):
     actual = do_autodoc(app, 'method', 'builtins.int.__add__')
     assert list(actual) == [
@@ -1290,7 +1282,7 @@ def test_abstractmethods(app):
         '.. py:module:: target.abstractmethods',
         '',
         '',
-        '.. py:class:: Base',
+        '.. py:class:: Base()',
         '   :module: target.abstractmethods',
         '',
         '',
@@ -1407,7 +1399,7 @@ def test_coroutine(app):
     actual = do_autodoc(app, 'class', 'target.coroutine.AsyncClass', options)
     assert list(actual) == [
         '',
-        '.. py:class:: AsyncClass',
+        '.. py:class:: AsyncClass()',
         '   :module: target.coroutine',
         '',
         '',
@@ -1449,7 +1441,7 @@ def test_coroutine(app):
 def test_partialmethod(app):
     expected = [
         '',
-        '.. py:class:: Cell',
+        '.. py:class:: Cell()',
         '   :module: target.partialmethod',
         '',
         '   An example for partialmethod.',
@@ -1476,23 +1468,10 @@ def test_partialmethod(app):
 
 
 @pytest.mark.sphinx('html', testroot='ext-autodoc')
-def test_wrappedfunction(app):
-    actual = do_autodoc(app, 'function', 'target.wrappedfunction.slow_function')
-    assert list(actual) == [
-        '',
-        '.. py:function:: slow_function(message, timeout)',
-        '   :module: target.wrappedfunction',
-        '',
-        '   This function is slow.',
-        '',
-    ]
-
-
-@pytest.mark.sphinx('html', testroot='ext-autodoc')
 def test_partialmethod_undoc_members(app):
     expected = [
         '',
-        '.. py:class:: Cell',
+        '.. py:class:: Cell()',
         '   :module: target.partialmethod',
         '',
         '   An example for partialmethod.',
@@ -1608,6 +1587,37 @@ def test_autodoc_typed_instance_variables(app):
     ]
 
 
+@pytest.mark.sphinx('html', testroot='ext-autodoc')
+def test_autodoc_GenericAlias(app):
+    options = {"members": None,
+               "undoc-members": None}
+    actual = do_autodoc(app, 'module', 'target.genericalias', options)
+    if sys.version_info < (3, 7):
+        assert list(actual) == [
+            '',
+            '.. py:module:: target.genericalias',
+            '',
+            '',
+            '.. py:attribute:: T',
+            '   :module: target.genericalias',
+            '',
+            '   alias of :class:`typing.List`',
+        ]
+    else:
+        assert list(actual) == [
+            '',
+            '.. py:module:: target.genericalias',
+            '',
+            '',
+            '.. py:data:: T',
+            '   :module: target.genericalias',
+            '',
+            '   A list of int',
+            '',
+            '   alias of List[int]',
+        ]
+
+
 @pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info < (3, 9), reason='py39+ is required.')
 @pytest.mark.sphinx('html', testroot='ext-autodoc')
 def test_autodoc_Annotated(app):
@@ -1668,22 +1678,6 @@ def test_singledispatch(app):
     ]
 
 
-@pytest.mark.sphinx('html', testroot='ext-autodoc')
-def test_singledispatch_autofunction(app):
-    options = {}
-    actual = do_autodoc(app, 'function', 'target.singledispatch.func', options)
-    assert list(actual) == [
-        '',
-        '.. py:function:: func(arg, kwarg=None)',
-        '                 func(arg: int, kwarg=None)',
-        '                 func(arg: str, kwarg=None)',
-        '   :module: target.singledispatch',
-        '',
-        '   A function for general use.',
-        '',
-    ]
-
-
 @pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info < (3, 8),
                     reason='singledispatchmethod is available since python3.8')
 @pytest.mark.sphinx('html', testroot='ext-autodoc')
@@ -1695,7 +1689,7 @@ def test_singledispatchmethod(app):
         '.. py:module:: target.singledispatchmethod',
         '',
         '',
-        '.. py:class:: Foo',
+        '.. py:class:: Foo()',
         '   :module: target.singledispatchmethod',
         '',
         '   docstring',
@@ -1740,7 +1734,7 @@ def test_cython(app):
         '.. py:module:: target.cython',
         '',
         '',
-        '.. py:class:: Class',
+        '.. py:class:: Class()',
         '   :module: target.cython',
         '',
         '   Docstring.',
@@ -1771,7 +1765,7 @@ def test_final(app):
         '.. py:module:: target.final',
         '',
         '',
-        '.. py:class:: Class',
+        '.. py:class:: Class()',
         '   :module: target.final',
         '   :final:',
         '',
diff --git a/tests/test_ext_autodoc_autofunction.py b/tests/test_ext_autodoc_autofunction.py
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..b4be85019
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/test_ext_autodoc_autofunction.py
@@ -0,0 +1,148 @@
+"""
+    test_ext_autodoc_autofunction
+    ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
+
+    Test the autodoc extension.  This tests mainly the Documenters; the auto
+    directives are tested in a test source file translated by test_build.
+
+    :copyright: Copyright 2007-2020 by the Sphinx team, see AUTHORS.
+    :license: BSD, see LICENSE for details.
+"""
+
+import pytest
+
+from test_ext_autodoc import do_autodoc
+
+
+@pytest.mark.sphinx('html', testroot='ext-autodoc')
+def test_classes(app):
+    actual = do_autodoc(app, 'function', 'target.classes.Foo')
+    assert list(actual) == [
+        '',
+        '.. py:function:: Foo()',
+        '   :module: target.classes',
+        '',
+    ]
+
+    actual = do_autodoc(app, 'function', 'target.classes.Bar')
+    assert list(actual) == [
+        '',
+        '.. py:function:: Bar(x, y)',
+        '   :module: target.classes',
+        '',
+    ]
+
+    actual = do_autodoc(app, 'function', 'target.classes.Baz')
+    assert list(actual) == [
+        '',
+        '.. py:function:: Baz(x, y)',
+        '   :module: target.classes',
+        '',
+    ]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.sphinx('html', testroot='ext-autodoc')
+def test_callable(app):
+    actual = do_autodoc(app, 'function', 'target.callable.function')
+    assert list(actual) == [
+        '',
+        '.. py:function:: function(arg1, arg2, **kwargs)',
+        '   :module: target.callable',
+        '',
+        '   A callable object that behaves like a function.',
+        '',
+    ]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.sphinx('html', testroot='ext-autodoc')
+def test_method(app):
+    actual = do_autodoc(app, 'function', 'target.callable.method')
+    assert list(actual) == [
+        '',
+        '.. py:function:: method(arg1, arg2)',
+        '   :module: target.callable',
+        '',
+        '   docstring of Callable.method().',
+        '',
+    ]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.sphinx('html', testroot='ext-autodoc')
+def test_builtin_function(app):
+    actual = do_autodoc(app, 'function', 'os.umask')
+    assert list(actual) == [
+        '',
+        '.. py:function:: umask(mask, /)',
+        '   :module: os',
+        '',
+        '   Set the current numeric umask and return the previous umask.',
+        '',
+    ]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.sphinx('html', testroot='ext-autodoc')
+def test_methoddescriptor(app):
+    actual = do_autodoc(app, 'function', 'builtins.int.__add__')
+    assert list(actual) == [
+        '',
+        '.. py:function:: int.__add__(self, value, /)',
+        '   :module: builtins',
+        '',
+        '   Return self+value.',
+        '',
+    ]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.sphinx('html', testroot='ext-autodoc')
+def test_decorated(app):
+    actual = do_autodoc(app, 'function', 'target.decorator.foo')
+    assert list(actual) == [
+        '',
+        '.. py:function:: foo()',
+        '   :module: target.decorator',
+        '',
+    ]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.sphinx('html', testroot='ext-autodoc')
+def test_singledispatch(app):
+    options = {}
+    actual = do_autodoc(app, 'function', 'target.singledispatch.func', options)
+    assert list(actual) == [
+        '',
+        '.. py:function:: func(arg, kwarg=None)',
+        '                 func(arg: int, kwarg=None)',
+        '                 func(arg: str, kwarg=None)',
+        '   :module: target.singledispatch',
+        '',
+        '   A function for general use.',
+        '',
+    ]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.sphinx('html', testroot='ext-autodoc')
+def test_cfunction(app):
+    actual = do_autodoc(app, 'function', 'time.asctime')
+    assert list(actual) == [
+        '',
+        '.. py:function:: asctime([tuple]) -> string',
+        '   :module: time',
+        '',
+        "   Convert a time tuple to a string, e.g. 'Sat Jun 06 16:26:11 1998'.",
+        '   When the time tuple is not present, current time as returned by localtime()',
+        '   is used.',
+        '',
+    ]
+
+
+@pytest.mark.sphinx('html', testroot='ext-autodoc')
+def test_wrapped_function(app):
+    actual = do_autodoc(app, 'function', 'target.wrappedfunction.slow_function')
+    assert list(actual) == [
+        '',
+        '.. py:function:: slow_function(message, timeout)',
+        '   :module: target.wrappedfunction',
+        '',
+        '   This function is slow.',
+        '',
+    ]
diff --git a/tests/test_ext_autodoc_configs.py b/tests/test_ext_autodoc_configs.py
index 6821c6264..674620df0 100644
--- a/tests/test_ext_autodoc_configs.py
+++ b/tests/test_ext_autodoc_configs.py
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@
 """
 
 import platform
+import sys
 
 import pytest
 
@@ -27,7 +28,7 @@ def test_autoclass_content_class(app):
         '.. py:module:: target.autoclass_content',
         '',
         '',
-        '.. py:class:: A',
+        '.. py:class:: A()',
         '   :module: target.autoclass_content',
         '',
         '   A class having no __init__, no __new__',
@@ -45,13 +46,13 @@ def test_autoclass_content_class(app):
         '   A class having __init__, no __new__',
         '',
         '',
-        '.. py:class:: D',
+        '.. py:class:: D()',
         '   :module: target.autoclass_content',
         '',
         '   A class having no __init__, __new__(no docstring)',
         '',
         '',
-        '.. py:class:: E',
+        '.. py:class:: E()',
         '   :module: target.autoclass_content',
         '',
         '   A class having no __init__, __new__',
@@ -87,7 +88,7 @@ def test_autoclass_content_init(app):
         '.. py:module:: target.autoclass_content',
         '',
         '',
-        '.. py:class:: A',
+        '.. py:class:: A()',
         '   :module: target.autoclass_content',
         '',
         '   A class having no __init__, no __new__',
@@ -105,13 +106,13 @@ def test_autoclass_content_init(app):
         '   __init__ docstring',
         '',
         '',
-        '.. py:class:: D',
+        '.. py:class:: D()',
         '   :module: target.autoclass_content',
         '',
         '   A class having no __init__, __new__(no docstring)',
         '',
         '',
-        '.. py:class:: E',
+        '.. py:class:: E()',
         '   :module: target.autoclass_content',
         '',
         '   __new__ docstring',
@@ -147,7 +148,7 @@ def test_autoclass_content_both(app):
         '.. py:module:: target.autoclass_content',
         '',
         '',
-        '.. py:class:: A',
+        '.. py:class:: A()',
         '   :module: target.autoclass_content',
         '',
         '   A class having no __init__, no __new__',
@@ -167,13 +168,13 @@ def test_autoclass_content_both(app):
         '   __init__ docstring',
         '',
         '',
-        '.. py:class:: D',
+        '.. py:class:: D()',
         '   :module: target.autoclass_content',
         '',
         '   A class having no __init__, __new__(no docstring)',
         '',
         '',
-        '.. py:class:: E',
+        '.. py:class:: E()',
         '   :module: target.autoclass_content',
         '',
         '   A class having no __init__, __new__',
@@ -237,7 +238,7 @@ def test_autodoc_docstring_signature(app):
     actual = do_autodoc(app, 'class', 'target.DocstringSig', options)
     assert list(actual) == [
         '',
-        '.. py:class:: DocstringSig',
+        '.. py:class:: DocstringSig()',
         '   :module: target',
         '',
         '',
@@ -279,7 +280,7 @@ def test_autodoc_docstring_signature(app):
     actual = do_autodoc(app, 'class', 'target.DocstringSig', options)
     assert list(actual) == [
         '',
-        '.. py:class:: DocstringSig',
+        '.. py:class:: DocstringSig()',
         '   :module: target',
         '',
         '',
@@ -345,6 +346,10 @@ def test_autoclass_content_and_docstring_signature_class(app):
         '',
         '.. py:class:: D()',
         '   :module: target.docstring_signature',
+        '',
+        '',
+        '.. py:class:: E()',
+        '   :module: target.docstring_signature',
         ''
     ]
 
@@ -374,6 +379,11 @@ def test_autoclass_content_and_docstring_signature_init(app):
         '',
         '.. py:class:: D(foo, bar, baz)',
         '   :module: target.docstring_signature',
+        '',
+        '',
+        '.. py:class:: E(foo: int, bar: int, baz: int) -> None',
+        '              E(foo: str, bar: str, baz: str) -> None',
+        '   :module: target.docstring_signature',
         ''
     ]
 
@@ -408,6 +418,11 @@ def test_autoclass_content_and_docstring_signature_both(app):
         '.. py:class:: D(foo, bar, baz)',
         '   :module: target.docstring_signature',
         '',
+        '',
+        '.. py:class:: E(foo: int, bar: int, baz: int) -> None',
+        '              E(foo: str, bar: str, baz: str) -> None',
+        '   :module: target.docstring_signature',
+        '',
     ]
 
 
@@ -435,7 +450,7 @@ def test_mocked_module_imports(app, warning):
         '.. py:module:: target.need_mocks',
         '',
         '',
-        '.. py:class:: TestAutodoc',
+        '.. py:class:: TestAutodoc()',
         '   :module: target.need_mocks',
         '',
         '   TestAutodoc docstring.',
@@ -493,6 +508,18 @@ def test_autodoc_typehints_signature(app):
         '      :module: target.typehints',
         '',
         '',
+        '.. py:class:: NewAnnotation(i: int)',
+        '   :module: target.typehints',
+        '',
+        '',
+        '.. py:class:: NewComment(i: int)',
+        '   :module: target.typehints',
+        '',
+        '',
+        '.. py:class:: SignatureFromMetaclass(a: int)',
+        '   :module: target.typehints',
+        '',
+        '',
         '.. py:function:: complex_func(arg1: str, arg2: List[int], arg3: Tuple[int, '
         'Union[str, Unknown]] = None, *args: str, **kwargs: str) -> None',
         '   :module: target.typehints',
@@ -547,6 +574,18 @@ def test_autodoc_typehints_none(app):
         '      :module: target.typehints',
         '',
         '',
+        '.. py:class:: NewAnnotation(i)',
+        '   :module: target.typehints',
+        '',
+        '',
+        '.. py:class:: NewComment(i)',
+        '   :module: target.typehints',
+        '',
+        '',
+        '.. py:class:: SignatureFromMetaclass(a)',
+        '   :module: target.typehints',
+        '',
+        '',
         '.. py:function:: complex_func(arg1, arg2, arg3=None, *args, **kwargs)',
         '   :module: target.typehints',
         '',
diff --git a/tests/test_ext_autosummary.py b/tests/test_ext_autosummary.py
index aa075a9e6..a65826141 100644
--- a/tests/test_ext_autosummary.py
+++ b/tests/test_ext_autosummary.py
@@ -19,7 +19,10 @@ from sphinx import addnodes
 from sphinx.ext.autosummary import (
     autosummary_table, autosummary_toc, mangle_signature, import_by_name, extract_summary
 )
-from sphinx.ext.autosummary.generate import AutosummaryEntry, generate_autosummary_docs, main as autogen_main
+from sphinx.ext.autosummary.generate import (
+    AutosummaryEntry, generate_autosummary_content, generate_autosummary_docs,
+    main as autogen_main
+)
 from sphinx.testing.util import assert_node, etree_parse
 from sphinx.util.docutils import new_document
 from sphinx.util.osutil import cd
@@ -189,6 +192,83 @@ def test_escaping(app, status, warning):
     assert str_content(title) == 'underscore_module_'
 
 
+@pytest.mark.sphinx(testroot='ext-autosummary')
+def test_autosummary_generate_content_for_module(app):
+    import autosummary_dummy_module
+    template = Mock()
+
+    generate_autosummary_content('autosummary_dummy_module', autosummary_dummy_module, None,
+                                 template, None, False, app, False, {})
+    assert template.render.call_args[0][0] == 'module'
+
+    context = template.render.call_args[0][1]
+    assert context['members'] == ['Exc', 'Foo', '_Baz', '_Exc', '__builtins__',
+                                  '__cached__', '__doc__', '__file__', '__name__',
+                                  '__package__', '_quux', 'bar', 'qux']
+    assert context['functions'] == ['bar']
+    assert context['all_functions'] == ['_quux', 'bar']
+    assert context['classes'] == ['Foo']
+    assert context['all_classes'] == ['Foo', '_Baz']
+    assert context['exceptions'] == ['Exc']
+    assert context['all_exceptions'] == ['Exc', '_Exc']
+    assert context['attributes'] == ['qux']
+    assert context['all_attributes'] == ['qux']
+    assert context['fullname'] == 'autosummary_dummy_module'
+    assert context['module'] == 'autosummary_dummy_module'
+    assert context['objname'] == ''
+    assert context['name'] == ''
+    assert context['objtype'] == 'module'
+
+
+@pytest.mark.sphinx(testroot='ext-autosummary')
+def test_autosummary_generate_content_for_module_skipped(app):
+    import autosummary_dummy_module
+    template = Mock()
+
+    def skip_member(app, what, name, obj, skip, options):
+        if name in ('Foo', 'bar', 'Exc'):
+            return True
+
+    app.connect('autodoc-skip-member', skip_member)
+    generate_autosummary_content('autosummary_dummy_module', autosummary_dummy_module, None,
+                                 template, None, False, app, False, {})
+    context = template.render.call_args[0][1]
+    assert context['members'] == ['_Baz', '_Exc', '__builtins__', '__cached__', '__doc__',
+                                  '__file__', '__name__', '__package__', '_quux', 'qux']
+    assert context['functions'] == []
+    assert context['classes'] == []
+    assert context['exceptions'] == []
+
+
+@pytest.mark.sphinx(testroot='ext-autosummary')
+def test_autosummary_generate_content_for_module_imported_members(app):
+    import autosummary_dummy_module
+    template = Mock()
+
+    generate_autosummary_content('autosummary_dummy_module', autosummary_dummy_module, None,
+                                 template, None, True, app, False, {})
+    assert template.render.call_args[0][0] == 'module'
+
+    context = template.render.call_args[0][1]
+    assert context['members'] == ['Exc', 'Foo', 'Union', '_Baz', '_Exc', '__builtins__',
+                                  '__cached__', '__doc__', '__file__', '__loader__',
+                                  '__name__', '__package__', '__spec__', '_quux',
+                                  'bar', 'path', 'qux']
+    assert context['functions'] == ['bar']
+    assert context['all_functions'] == ['_quux', 'bar']
+    assert context['classes'] == ['Foo']
+    assert context['all_classes'] == ['Foo', '_Baz']
+    assert context['exceptions'] == ['Exc']
+    assert context['all_exceptions'] == ['Exc', '_Exc']
+    assert context['attributes'] == ['qux']
+    assert context['all_attributes'] == ['qux']
+    assert context['fullname'] == 'autosummary_dummy_module'
+    assert context['module'] == 'autosummary_dummy_module'
+    assert context['objname'] == ''
+    assert context['name'] == ''
+    assert context['objtype'] == 'module'
+
+
 @pytest.mark.sphinx('dummy', testroot='ext-autosummary')
 def test_autosummary_generate(app, status, warning):
     app.builder.build_all()
@@ -205,14 +285,16 @@ def test_autosummary_generate(app, status, warning):
                                                                 [nodes.tbody, (nodes.row,
                                                                                nodes.row,
                                                                                nodes.row,
+                                                                               nodes.row,
                                                                                nodes.row)])])
     assert_node(doctree[4][0], addnodes.toctree, caption="An autosummary")
 
-    assert len(doctree[3][0][0][2]) == 4
+    assert len(doctree[3][0][0][2]) == 5
     assert doctree[3][0][0][2][0].astext() == 'autosummary_dummy_module\n\n'
     assert doctree[3][0][0][2][1].astext() == 'autosummary_dummy_module.Foo()\n\n'
-    assert doctree[3][0][0][2][2].astext() == 'autosummary_dummy_module.Foo.Bar\n\n'
+    assert doctree[3][0][0][2][2].astext() == 'autosummary_dummy_module.Foo.Bar()\n\n'
     assert doctree[3][0][0][2][3].astext() == 'autosummary_dummy_module.bar(x[, y])\n\n'
+    assert doctree[3][0][0][2][4].astext() == 'autosummary_dummy_module.qux\n\na module-level attribute'
 
     module = (app.srcdir / 'generated' / 'autosummary_dummy_module.rst').read_text()
     assert ('   .. autosummary::\n'
@@ -237,6 +319,11 @@ def test_autosummary_generate(app, status, warning):
             '\n'
             '.. autoclass:: Foo.Bar\n' in FooBar)
 
+    qux = (app.srcdir / 'generated' / 'autosummary_dummy_module.qux.rst').read_text()
+    assert ('.. currentmodule:: autosummary_dummy_module\n'
+            '\n'
+            '.. autodata:: qux' in qux)
+
 
 @pytest.mark.sphinx('dummy', testroot='ext-autosummary',
                     confoverrides={'autosummary_generate_overwrite': False})
diff --git a/tests/test_ext_math.py b/tests/test_ext_math.py
index b5de6cc1c..4df7d47c7 100644
--- a/tests/test_ext_math.py
+++ b/tests/test_ext_math.py
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ def test_mathjax_options(app, status, warning):
 
     content = (app.outdir / 'index.html').read_text()
     assert ('<script async="async" integrity="sha384-0123456789" '
-            'src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.5/latest.js?'
+            'src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/mathjax/2.7.7/latest.js?'
             'config=TeX-AMS-MML_HTMLorMML"></script>' in content)
 
 
diff --git a/tests/test_ext_napoleon_docstring.py b/tests/test_ext_napoleon_docstring.py
index 3027a4cb2..738fd6532 100644
--- a/tests/test_ext_napoleon_docstring.py
+++ b/tests/test_ext_napoleon_docstring.py
@@ -1399,11 +1399,32 @@ arg_ : type
 """
 
         expected = """
+:ivar arg_: some description
+:vartype arg_: type
+"""
+
+        config = Config(napoleon_use_ivar=True)
+        app = mock.Mock()
+        actual = str(NumpyDocstring(docstring, config, app, "class"))
+
+        self.assertEqual(expected, actual)
+
+    def test_underscore_in_attribute_strip_signature_backslash(self):
+        docstring = """
+Attributes
+----------
+
+arg_ : type
+    some description
+"""
+
+        expected = """
 :ivar arg\\_: some description
 :vartype arg\\_: type
 """
 
         config = Config(napoleon_use_ivar=True)
+        config.strip_signature_backslash = True
         app = mock.Mock()
         actual = str(NumpyDocstring(docstring, config, app, "class"))
 
diff --git a/tests/test_project.py b/tests/test_project.py
index a721d39fe..50b06f7b8 100644
--- a/tests/test_project.py
+++ b/tests/test_project.py
@@ -58,8 +58,8 @@ def test_project_path2doc(app):
     assert project.path2doc('index.foo') is None  # unknown extension
     assert project.path2doc('index.foo.rst') == 'index.foo'
     assert project.path2doc('index') is None
-    assert project.path2doc('/path/to/index.rst') == PathComparer('/path/to/index')
-    assert project.path2doc(app.srcdir / '/to/index.rst') == PathComparer('/to/index')
+    assert project.path2doc('path/to/index.rst') == 'path/to/index'
+    assert project.path2doc(app.srcdir / 'to/index.rst') == 'to/index'
 
 
 @pytest.mark.sphinx(srcdir='project_doc2path', testroot='basic')
diff --git a/tests/test_theming.py b/tests/test_theming.py
index affaf5408..93671eab8 100644
--- a/tests/test_theming.py
+++ b/tests/test_theming.py
@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ def test_js_source(app, status, warning):
 
     app.builder.build(['contents'])
 
-    v = '3.4.1'
+    v = '3.5.1'
     msg = 'jquery.js version does not match to {v}'.format(v=v)
     jquery_min = (app.outdir / '_static' / 'jquery.js').read_text()
     assert 'jQuery v{v}'.format(v=v) in jquery_min, msg
diff --git a/tests/test_util_inspect.py b/tests/test_util_inspect.py
index 4da61df47..fa0ff84e1 100644
--- a/tests/test_util_inspect.py
+++ b/tests/test_util_inspect.py
@@ -29,12 +29,14 @@ def test_signature():
     with pytest.raises(TypeError):
         inspect.signature('')
 
-    # builitin classes
-    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
-        inspect.signature(int)
-
-    with pytest.raises(ValueError):
-        inspect.signature(str)
+    # builtins are supported on a case-by-case basis, depending on whether
+    # they define __text_signature__
+    if getattr(list, '__text_signature__', None):
+        sig = inspect.stringify_signature(inspect.signature(list))
+        assert sig == '(iterable=(), /)'
+    else:
+        with pytest.raises(ValueError):
+            inspect.signature(list)
 
     # normal function
     def func(a, b, c=1, d=2, *e, **f):
@@ -333,10 +335,14 @@ def test_signature_from_str_kwonly_args():
 @pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info < (3, 8),
                     reason='python-3.8 or above is required')
 def test_signature_from_str_positionaly_only_args():
-    sig = inspect.signature_from_str('(a, /, b)')
-    assert list(sig.parameters.keys()) == ['a', 'b']
+    sig = inspect.signature_from_str('(a, b=0, /, c=1)')
+    assert list(sig.parameters.keys()) == ['a', 'b', 'c']
     assert sig.parameters['a'].kind == Parameter.POSITIONAL_ONLY
-    assert sig.parameters['b'].kind == Parameter.POSITIONAL_OR_KEYWORD
+    assert sig.parameters['a'].default == Parameter.empty
+    assert sig.parameters['b'].kind == Parameter.POSITIONAL_ONLY
+    assert sig.parameters['b'].default == '0'
+    assert sig.parameters['c'].kind == Parameter.POSITIONAL_OR_KEYWORD
+    assert sig.parameters['c'].default == '1'
 
 
 def test_signature_from_str_invalid():
@@ -558,6 +564,18 @@ def test_isproperty(app):
     assert inspect.isproperty(func) is False            # function
 
 
+@pytest.mark.skipif(sys.version_info < (3, 7), reason='python 3.7+ is required.')
+@pytest.mark.sphinx(testroot='ext-autodoc')
+def test_isgenericalias(app):
+    from target.genericalias import C, T
+    from target.methods import Base
+
+    assert inspect.isgenericalias(C) is True
+    assert inspect.isgenericalias(T) is True
+    assert inspect.isgenericalias(object()) is False
+    assert inspect.isgenericalias(Base) is False
+
+
 def test_unpartial():
     def func1(a, b, c):
         pass