refactor: Use super() to call methods of superclass

26 files changed, 93 insertions, 98 deletions

diff --git a/sphinx/addnodes.py b/sphinx/addnodes.py
index 1a24057bc..5d45aa44d 100644
--- a/sphinx/addnodes.py
+++ b/sphinx/addnodes.py
@@ -127,7 +127,7 @@ class desc_returns(desc_type):
     """Node for a "returns" annotation (a la -> in Python)."""
     def astext(self):
         # type: () -> unicode
-        return ' -> ' + nodes.TextElement.astext(self)
+        return ' -> ' + super(desc_returns, self).astext()
 
 
 class desc_name(nodes.Part, nodes.Inline, nodes.FixedTextElement):
@@ -149,7 +149,7 @@ class desc_optional(nodes.Part, nodes.Inline, nodes.FixedTextElement):
 
     def astext(self):
         # type: () -> unicode
-        return '[' + nodes.TextElement.astext(self) + ']'
+        return '[' + super(desc_optional, self).astext() + ']'
 
 
 class desc_annotation(nodes.Part, nodes.Inline, nodes.FixedTextElement):
@@ -209,7 +209,7 @@ class math(nodes.math):
                           RemovedInSphinx30Warning, stacklevel=2)
             return self.astext()
         else:
-            return nodes.math.__getitem__(self, key)
+            return super(math, self).__getitem__(key)
 
 
 class math_block(nodes.math_block):
@@ -228,7 +228,7 @@ class math_block(nodes.math_block):
                           RemovedInSphinx30Warning, stacklevel=2)
             return self.astext()
         else:
-            return nodes.math_block.__getitem__(self, key)
+            return super(math_block, self).__getitem__(key)
 
 
 class displaymath(math_block):
diff --git a/sphinx/builders/_epub_base.py b/sphinx/builders/_epub_base.py
index 300ce602e..65c9f494c 100644
--- a/sphinx/builders/_epub_base.py
+++ b/sphinx/builders/_epub_base.py
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ class EpubBuilder(StandaloneHTMLBuilder):
 
     def init(self):
         # type: () -> None
-        StandaloneHTMLBuilder.init(self)
+        super(EpubBuilder, self).init()
         # the output files for epub must be .html only
         self.out_suffix = '.xhtml'
         self.link_suffix = '.xhtml'
@@ -372,7 +372,7 @@ class EpubBuilder(StandaloneHTMLBuilder):
         """
         self.fix_ids(doctree)
         self.add_visible_links(doctree, self.config.epub_show_urls)
-        StandaloneHTMLBuilder.write_doc(self, docname, doctree)
+        super(EpubBuilder, self).write_doc(docname, doctree)
 
     def fix_genindex(self, tree):
         # type: (nodes.Node) -> None
@@ -470,8 +470,8 @@ class EpubBuilder(StandaloneHTMLBuilder):
                 return
             self.fix_genindex(addctx['genindexentries'])
         addctx['doctype'] = self.doctype
-        StandaloneHTMLBuilder.handle_page(self, pagename, addctx, templatename,
-                                          outfilename, event_arg)
+        super(EpubBuilder, self).handle_page(pagename, addctx, templatename,
+                                             outfilename, event_arg)
 
     def build_mimetype(self, outdir, outname):
         # type: (unicode, unicode) -> None
diff --git a/sphinx/builders/devhelp.py b/sphinx/builders/devhelp.py
index d6acefb6d..db7399a48 100644
--- a/sphinx/builders/devhelp.py
+++ b/sphinx/builders/devhelp.py
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ class DevhelpBuilder(StandaloneHTMLBuilder):
 
     def init(self):
         # type: () -> None
-        StandaloneHTMLBuilder.init(self)
+        super(DevhelpBuilder, self).init()
         self.out_suffix = '.html'
         self.link_suffix = '.html'
 
diff --git a/sphinx/builders/gettext.py b/sphinx/builders/gettext.py
index 0f7d51d0d..a8fcca5ac 100644
--- a/sphinx/builders/gettext.py
+++ b/sphinx/builders/gettext.py
@@ -121,7 +121,7 @@ class I18nBuilder(Builder):
 
     def init(self):
         # type: () -> None
-        Builder.init(self)
+        super(I18nBuilder, self).init()
         self.env.set_versioning_method(self.versioning_method,
                                        self.env.config.gettext_uuid)
         self.tags = I18nTags()
@@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ class MessageCatalogBuilder(I18nBuilder):
 
     def init(self):
         # type: () -> None
-        I18nBuilder.init(self)
+        super(MessageCatalogBuilder, self).init()
         self.create_template_bridge()
         self.templates.init(self)
 
@@ -261,11 +261,11 @@ class MessageCatalogBuilder(I18nBuilder):
     def build(self, docnames, summary=None, method='update'):
         # type: (Iterable[unicode], unicode, unicode) -> None
         self._extract_from_template()
-        I18nBuilder.build(self, docnames, summary, method)
+        super(MessageCatalogBuilder, self).build(docnames, summary, method)
 
     def finish(self):
         # type: () -> None
-        I18nBuilder.finish(self)
+        super(MessageCatalogBuilder, self).finish()
         data = {
             'version': self.config.version,
             'copyright': self.config.copyright,
diff --git a/sphinx/builders/html.py b/sphinx/builders/html.py
index f045ef068..f1c658f7a 100644
--- a/sphinx/builders/html.py
+++ b/sphinx/builders/html.py
@@ -1213,7 +1213,7 @@ class DirectoryHTMLBuilder(StandaloneHTMLBuilder):
 
     def prepare_writing(self, docnames):
         # type: (Iterable[unicode]) -> None
-        StandaloneHTMLBuilder.prepare_writing(self, docnames)
+        super(DirectoryHTMLBuilder, self).prepare_writing(docnames)
         self.globalcontext['no_search_suffix'] = True
 
 
@@ -1477,7 +1477,7 @@ class SerializingHTMLBuilder(StandaloneHTMLBuilder):
         self.dump_context(self.globalcontext, outfilename)
 
         # super here to dump the search index
-        StandaloneHTMLBuilder.handle_finish(self)
+        super(SerializingHTMLBuilder, self).handle_finish()
 
         # copy the environment file from the doctree dir to the output dir
         # as needed by the web app
@@ -1525,10 +1525,6 @@ class JSONHTMLBuilder(SerializingHTMLBuilder):
     globalcontext_filename = 'globalcontext.json'
     searchindex_filename = 'searchindex.json'
 
-    def init(self):
-        # type: () -> None
-        SerializingHTMLBuilder.init(self)
-
 
 def convert_html_css_files(app, config):
     # type: (Sphinx, Config) -> None
diff --git a/sphinx/builders/htmlhelp.py b/sphinx/builders/htmlhelp.py
index ce8a8956f..c6c3e0eb3 100644
--- a/sphinx/builders/htmlhelp.py
+++ b/sphinx/builders/htmlhelp.py
@@ -200,7 +200,7 @@ class HTMLHelpBuilder(StandaloneHTMLBuilder):
         # the output files for HTML help is .html by default
         self.out_suffix = '.html'
         self.link_suffix = '.html'
-        StandaloneHTMLBuilder.init(self)
+        super(HTMLHelpBuilder, self).init()
         # determine the correct locale setting
         locale = chm_locales.get(self.config.language)
         if locale is not None:
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ class HTMLHelpBuilder(StandaloneHTMLBuilder):
             if node.get('internal') is None and 'refuri' in node:
                 node['target'] = '_blank'
 
-        StandaloneHTMLBuilder.write_doc(self, docname, doctree)
+        super(HTMLHelpBuilder, self).write_doc(docname, doctree)
 
     def build_hhx(self, outdir, outname):
         # type: (unicode, unicode) -> None
diff --git a/sphinx/builders/qthelp.py b/sphinx/builders/qthelp.py
index 941be76c9..4179a9707 100644
--- a/sphinx/builders/qthelp.py
+++ b/sphinx/builders/qthelp.py
@@ -79,7 +79,7 @@ class QtHelpBuilder(StandaloneHTMLBuilder):
 
     def init(self):
         # type: () -> None
-        StandaloneHTMLBuilder.init(self)
+        super(QtHelpBuilder, self).init()
         # the output files for HTML help must be .html only
         self.out_suffix = '.html'
         self.link_suffix = '.html'
diff --git a/sphinx/directives/code.py b/sphinx/directives/code.py
index 1d12165d3..19363155a 100644
--- a/sphinx/directives/code.py
+++ b/sphinx/directives/code.py
@@ -63,7 +63,7 @@ class HighlightLang(Highlight):
         warnings.warn('highlightlang directive is deprecated. '
                       'Please use highlight directive instead.',
                       RemovedInSphinx40Warning, stacklevel=2)
-        return Highlight.run(self)
+        return super(HighlightLang, self).run()
 
 
 def dedent_lines(lines, dedent, location=None):
diff --git a/sphinx/directives/other.py b/sphinx/directives/other.py
index 804577084..dbc1190b5 100644
--- a/sphinx/directives/other.py
+++ b/sphinx/directives/other.py
@@ -383,11 +383,11 @@ class Include(BaseInclude, SphinxDirective):
         if self.arguments[0].startswith('<') and \
            self.arguments[0].endswith('>'):
             # docutils "standard" includes, do not do path processing
-            return BaseInclude.run(self)
+            return super(Include, self).run()
         rel_filename, filename = self.env.relfn2path(self.arguments[0])
         self.arguments[0] = filename
         self.env.note_included(filename)
-        return BaseInclude.run(self)
+        return super(Include, self).run()
 
 
 def setup(app):
diff --git a/sphinx/directives/patches.py b/sphinx/directives/patches.py
index ca09cf396..b1104fc97 100644
--- a/sphinx/directives/patches.py
+++ b/sphinx/directives/patches.py
@@ -33,7 +33,7 @@ class Figure(images.Figure):
     def run(self):
         # type: () -> List[nodes.Node]
         name = self.options.pop('name', None)
-        result = images.Figure.run(self)
+        result = super(Figure, self).run()
         if len(result) == 2 or isinstance(result[0], nodes.system_message):
             return result
 
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ class Figure(images.Figure):
 class Meta(html.Meta, SphinxDirective):
     def run(self):
         # type: () -> List[nodes.Node]
-        result = html.Meta.run(self)
+        result = super(Meta, self).run()
         for node in result:
             if (isinstance(node, nodes.pending) and
                isinstance(node.details['nodes'][0], html.MetaBody.meta)):
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ class RSTTable(tables.RSTTable):
 
     def make_title(self):
         # type: () -> Tuple[nodes.title, List[nodes.system_message]]
-        title, message = tables.RSTTable.make_title(self)
+        title, message = super(RSTTable, self).make_title()
         if title:
             set_source_info(self, title)
 
@@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ class CSVTable(tables.CSVTable):
 
     def make_title(self):
         # type: () -> Tuple[nodes.title, List[nodes.system_message]]
-        title, message = tables.CSVTable.make_title(self)
+        title, message = super(CSVTable, self).make_title()
         if title:
             set_source_info(self, title)
 
@@ -105,7 +105,7 @@ class ListTable(tables.ListTable):
 
     def make_title(self):
         # type: () -> Tuple[nodes.title, List[nodes.system_message]]
-        title, message = tables.ListTable.make_title(self)
+        title, message = super(ListTable, self).make_title()
         if title:
             set_source_info(self, title)
 
diff --git a/sphinx/domains/__init__.py b/sphinx/domains/__init__.py
index 5704b56de..5a5e3e94a 100644
--- a/sphinx/domains/__init__.py
+++ b/sphinx/domains/__init__.py
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ class Domain:
             def run(self):
                 # type: () -> List[nodes.Node]
                 self.name = fullname
-                return BaseDirective.run(self)
+                return super(DirectiveAdapter, self).run()
         self._directive_cache[name] = DirectiveAdapter
         return DirectiveAdapter
 
diff --git a/sphinx/domains/cpp.py b/sphinx/domains/cpp.py
index fef62c2bd..86e2c2c6b 100644
--- a/sphinx/domains/cpp.py
+++ b/sphinx/domains/cpp.py
@@ -3619,7 +3619,7 @@ class Symbol:
         if key == "children":
             assert False
         else:
-            return object.__setattr__(self, key, value)
+            return super(Symbol, self).__setattr__(key, value)
 
     def __init__(self,
                  parent,          # type: Symbol
@@ -6312,7 +6312,7 @@ class CPPObject(ObjectDescription):
             symbol = parentSymbol.add_name(name)
             env.temp_data['cpp:last_symbol'] = symbol
             return []
-        return ObjectDescription.run(self)
+        return super(CPPObject, self).run()
 
     def handle_signature(self, sig, signode):
         # type: (unicode, addnodes.desc_signature) -> Any
diff --git a/sphinx/domains/python.py b/sphinx/domains/python.py
index 8320f83de..6769bafad 100644
--- a/sphinx/domains/python.py
+++ b/sphinx/domains/python.py
@@ -559,7 +559,7 @@ class PyDecoratorFunction(PyDecoratorMixin, PyModulelevel):
         # type: () -> List[nodes.Node]
         # a decorator function is a function after all
         self.name = 'py:function'
-        return PyModulelevel.run(self)
+        return super(PyDecoratorFunction, self).run()
 
 
 class PyDecoratorMethod(PyDecoratorMixin, PyClassmember):
@@ -569,7 +569,7 @@ class PyDecoratorMethod(PyDecoratorMixin, PyClassmember):
     def run(self):
         # type: () -> List[nodes.Node]
         self.name = 'py:method'
-        return PyClassmember.run(self)
+        return super(PyDecoratorMethod, self).run()
 
 
 class PyModule(SphinxDirective):
diff --git a/sphinx/ext/autodoc/__init__.py b/sphinx/ext/autodoc/__init__.py
index 607c71612..0dd92b983 100644
--- a/sphinx/ext/autodoc/__init__.py
+++ b/sphinx/ext/autodoc/__init__.py
@@ -802,7 +802,7 @@ class ModuleDocumenter(Documenter):
 
     def parse_name(self):
         # type: () -> bool
-        ret = Documenter.parse_name(self)
+        ret = super(ModuleDocumenter, self).parse_name()
         if self.args or self.retann:
             logger.warning(__('signature arguments or return annotation '
                               'given for automodule %s') % self.fullname,
@@ -964,7 +964,7 @@ class DocstringSignatureMixin:
         lines = getattr(self, '_new_docstrings', None)
         if lines is not None:
             return lines
-        return Documenter.get_doc(self, None, ignore)  # type: ignore
+        return super(DocstringSignatureMixin, self).get_doc(None, ignore)  # type: ignore
 
     def format_signature(self):
         # type: () -> unicode
@@ -974,7 +974,7 @@ class DocstringSignatureMixin:
             result = self._find_signature()
             if result is not None:
                 self.args, self.retann = result
-        return Documenter.format_signature(self)  # type: ignore
+        return super(DocstringSignatureMixin, self).format_signature()  # type: ignore
 
 
 class DocstringStripSignatureMixin(DocstringSignatureMixin):
@@ -993,7 +993,7 @@ class DocstringStripSignatureMixin(DocstringSignatureMixin):
                 # DocstringSignatureMixin.format_signature.
                 # Documenter.format_signature use self.args value to format.
                 _args, self.retann = result
-        return Documenter.format_signature(self)  # type: ignore
+        return super(DocstringStripSignatureMixin, self).format_signature()
 
 
 class FunctionDocumenter(DocstringSignatureMixin, ModuleLevelDocumenter):  # type: ignore
@@ -1071,7 +1071,7 @@ class ClassDocumenter(DocstringSignatureMixin, ModuleLevelDocumenter):  # type:
 
     def import_object(self):
         # type: () -> Any
-        ret = ModuleLevelDocumenter.import_object(self)
+        ret = super(ClassDocumenter, self).import_object()
         # if the class is documented under another name, document it
         # as data/attribute
         if ret:
@@ -1103,13 +1103,13 @@ class ClassDocumenter(DocstringSignatureMixin, ModuleLevelDocumenter):  # type:
         if self.doc_as_attr:
             return ''
 
-        return DocstringSignatureMixin.format_signature(self)
+        return super(ClassDocumenter, self).format_signature()
 
     def add_directive_header(self, sig):
         # type: (unicode) -> None
         if self.doc_as_attr:
             self.directivetype = 'attribute'
-        Documenter.add_directive_header(self, sig)
+        super(ClassDocumenter, self).add_directive_header(sig)
 
         # add inheritance info, if wanted
         if not self.doc_as_attr and self.options.show_inheritance:
@@ -1179,16 +1179,15 @@ class ClassDocumenter(DocstringSignatureMixin, ModuleLevelDocumenter):  # type:
                     classname = str(module) + u'.' + str(classname)
                 content = ViewList(
                     [_('alias of :class:`%s`') % classname], source='')
-                ModuleLevelDocumenter.add_content(self, content,
-                                                  no_docstring=True)
+                super(ClassDocumenter, self).add_content(content, no_docstring=True)
         else:
-            ModuleLevelDocumenter.add_content(self, more_content)
+            super(ClassDocumenter, self).add_content(more_content)
 
     def document_members(self, all_members=False):
         # type: (bool) -> None
         if self.doc_as_attr:
             return
-        ModuleLevelDocumenter.document_members(self, all_members)
+        super(ClassDocumenter, self).document_members(all_members)
 
     def generate(self, more_content=None, real_modname=None,
                  check_module=False, all_members=False):
@@ -1236,7 +1235,7 @@ class DataDocumenter(ModuleLevelDocumenter):
 
     def add_directive_header(self, sig):
         # type: (unicode) -> None
-        ModuleLevelDocumenter.add_directive_header(self, sig)
+        super(DataDocumenter, self).add_directive_header(sig)
         sourcename = self.get_sourcename()
         if not self.options.annotation:
             try:
@@ -1277,7 +1276,7 @@ class MethodDocumenter(DocstringSignatureMixin, ClassLevelDocumenter):  # type:
 
     def import_object(self):
         # type: () -> Any
-        ret = ClassLevelDocumenter.import_object(self)
+        ret = super(MethodDocumenter, self).import_object()
         if not ret:
             return ret
 
@@ -1355,7 +1354,7 @@ class AttributeDocumenter(DocstringStripSignatureMixin, ClassLevelDocumenter):
 
     def import_object(self):
         # type: () -> Any
-        ret = ClassLevelDocumenter.import_object(self)
+        ret = super(AttributeDocumenter, self).import_object()
         if isenumattribute(self.object):
             self.object = self.object.value
         if isdescriptor(self.object) and \
@@ -1373,7 +1372,7 @@ class AttributeDocumenter(DocstringStripSignatureMixin, ClassLevelDocumenter):
 
     def add_directive_header(self, sig):
         # type: (unicode) -> None
-        ClassLevelDocumenter.add_directive_header(self, sig)
+        super(AttributeDocumenter, self).add_directive_header(sig)
         sourcename = self.get_sourcename()
         if not self.options.annotation:
             if not self._datadescriptor:
@@ -1395,7 +1394,7 @@ class AttributeDocumenter(DocstringStripSignatureMixin, ClassLevelDocumenter):
             # if it's not a data descriptor, its docstring is very probably the
             # wrong thing to display
             no_docstring = True
-        ClassLevelDocumenter.add_content(self, more_content, no_docstring)
+        super(AttributeDocumenter, self).add_content(more_content, no_docstring)
 
 
 class InstanceAttributeDocumenter(AttributeDocumenter):
@@ -1427,7 +1426,7 @@ class InstanceAttributeDocumenter(AttributeDocumenter):
     def add_content(self, more_content, no_docstring=False):
         # type: (Any, bool) -> None
         """Never try to get a docstring from the object."""
-        AttributeDocumenter.add_content(self, more_content, no_docstring=True)
+        super(InstanceAttributeDocumenter, self).add_content(more_content, no_docstring=True)
 
 
 def get_documenters(app):
diff --git a/sphinx/ext/doctest.py b/sphinx/ext/doctest.py
index f74e9e32e..edeed0955 100644
--- a/sphinx/ext/doctest.py
+++ b/sphinx/ext/doctest.py
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ class SphinxDocTestRunner(doctest.DocTestRunner):
         old_stdout = sys.stdout
         sys.stdout = string_io
         try:
-            res = doctest.DocTestRunner.summarize(self, verbose)
+            res = super(SphinxDocTestRunner, self).summarize(verbose)
         finally:
             sys.stdout = old_stdout
         out(string_io.getvalue())
diff --git a/sphinx/io.py b/sphinx/io.py
index a0f3559ac..b35dcc73f 100644
--- a/sphinx/io.py
+++ b/sphinx/io.py
@@ -73,14 +73,14 @@ class SphinxBaseReader(standalone.Reader):
 
     def get_transforms(self):
         # type: () -> List[Type[Transform]]
-        return standalone.Reader.get_transforms(self) + self.transforms
+        return super(SphinxBaseReader, self).get_transforms() + self.transforms
 
     def new_document(self):
         # type: () -> nodes.document
         """Creates a new document object which having a special reporter object good
         for logging.
         """
-        document = standalone.Reader.new_document(self)
+        document = super(SphinxBaseReader, self).new_document()
 
         # substitute transformer
         document.transformer = SphinxTransformer(document)
@@ -187,7 +187,7 @@ class SphinxBaseFileInput(FileInput):
 
         After reading, it emits Sphinx event ``source-read``.
         """
-        data = FileInput.read(self)
+        data = super(SphinxBaseFileInput, self).read()
 
         # emit source-read event
         arg = [data]
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ class SphinxRSTFileInput(SphinxBaseFileInput):
 
     def read(self):
         # type: () -> StringList
-        inputstring = SphinxBaseFileInput.read(self)
+        inputstring = super(SphinxRSTFileInput, self).read()
         lines = string2lines(inputstring, convert_whitespace=True)
         content = StringList()
         for lineno, line in enumerate(lines):
diff --git a/sphinx/parsers.py b/sphinx/parsers.py
index 510d20bcc..ccaba19cb 100644
--- a/sphinx/parsers.py
+++ b/sphinx/parsers.py
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ class RSTParser(docutils.parsers.rst.Parser):
         """Sphinx's reST parser replaces a transform class for smart-quotes by own's
 
         refs: sphinx.io.SphinxStandaloneReader"""
-        transforms = docutils.parsers.rst.Parser.get_transforms(self)
+        transforms = super(RSTParser, self).get_transforms()
         transforms.remove(SmartQuotes)
         return transforms
 
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ class RSTParser(docutils.parsers.rst.Parser):
             self.finish_parse()
         else:
             # otherwise, inputstring might be a string. It will be handled by superclass.
-            docutils.parsers.rst.Parser.parse(self, inputstring, document)
+            super(RSTParser, self).parse(inputstring, document)
 
 
 def setup(app):
diff --git a/sphinx/roles.py b/sphinx/roles.py
index 30b41438f..0c1f74cef 100644
--- a/sphinx/roles.py
+++ b/sphinx/roles.py
@@ -173,8 +173,8 @@ class XRefRole:
 class AnyXRefRole(XRefRole):
     def process_link(self, env, refnode, has_explicit_title, title, target):
         # type: (BuildEnvironment, nodes.reference, bool, unicode, unicode) -> Tuple[unicode, unicode]  # NOQA
-        result = XRefRole.process_link(self, env, refnode, has_explicit_title,
-                                       title, target)
+        result = super(AnyXRefRole, self).process_link(env, refnode, has_explicit_title,
+                                                       title, target)
         # add all possible context info (i.e. std:program, py:module etc.)
         refnode.attributes.update(env.ref_context)
         return result
diff --git a/sphinx/transforms/__init__.py b/sphinx/transforms/__init__.py
index e364b7c99..be80661c4 100644
--- a/sphinx/transforms/__init__.py
+++ b/sphinx/transforms/__init__.py
@@ -88,7 +88,7 @@ class SphinxTransformer(Transformer):
             if not hasattr(self.document.settings, 'env') and self.env:
                 self.document.settings.env = self.env
 
-            Transformer.apply_transforms(self)
+            super(SphinxTransformer, self).apply_transforms()
         else:
             # wrap the target node by document node during transforming
             try:
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ class SphinxTransformer(Transformer):
                     document.settings.env = self.env
                 document += self.document
                 self.document = document
-                Transformer.apply_transforms(self)
+                super(SphinxTransformer, self).apply_transforms()
             finally:
                 self.document = self.document[0]
 
@@ -351,7 +351,7 @@ class SphinxSmartQuotes(SmartQuotes, SphinxTransform):
         if not self.is_available():
             return
 
-        SmartQuotes.apply(self)
+        super(SphinxSmartQuotes, self).apply()
 
     def is_available(self):
         # type: () -> bool
diff --git a/sphinx/util/docutils.py b/sphinx/util/docutils.py
index 09bf12b6f..6146a48e3 100644
--- a/sphinx/util/docutils.py
+++ b/sphinx/util/docutils.py
@@ -319,7 +319,7 @@ class SphinxFileOutput(FileOutput):
                 if f.read() == data:
                     return data
 
-        return FileOutput.write(self, data)
+        return super(SphinxFileOutput, self).write(data)
 
 
 class SphinxDirective(Directive):
diff --git a/sphinx/util/stemmer/__init__.py b/sphinx/util/stemmer/__init__.py
index 309d1adbe..3f85c7726 100644
--- a/sphinx/util/stemmer/__init__.py
+++ b/sphinx/util/stemmer/__init__.py
@@ -38,13 +38,13 @@ class PyStemmer(BaseStemmer):
         return self.stemmer.stemWord(word)
 
 
-class StandardStemmer(BaseStemmer, PorterStemmer):  # type: ignore
+class StandardStemmer(PorterStemmer, BaseStemmer):  # type: ignore
     """All those porter stemmer implementations look hideous;
     make at least the stem method nicer.
     """
     def stem(self, word):  # type: ignore
         # type: (unicode) -> unicode
-        return PorterStemmer.stem(self, word, 0, len(word) - 1)
+        return super(StandardStemmer, self).stem(word, 0, len(word) - 1)
 
 
 def get_stemmer():
diff --git a/sphinx/writers/html.py b/sphinx/writers/html.py
index 49f553004..c95c7c2f4 100644
--- a/sphinx/writers/html.py
+++ b/sphinx/writers/html.py
@@ -376,18 +376,18 @@ class HTMLTranslator(BaseTranslator):
             # avoid emitting empty <ul></ul>
             raise nodes.SkipNode
         self.generate_targets_for_listing(node)
-        BaseTranslator.visit_bullet_list(self, node)
+        super(HTMLTranslator, self).visit_bullet_list(node)
 
     # overwritten
     def visit_enumerated_list(self, node):
         # type: (nodes.enumerated_list) -> None
         self.generate_targets_for_listing(node)
-        BaseTranslator.visit_enumerated_list(self, node)
+        super(HTMLTranslator, self).visit_enumerated_list(node)
 
     # overwritten
     def visit_title(self, node):
         # type: (nodes.title) -> None
-        BaseTranslator.visit_title(self, node)
+        super(HTMLTranslator, self).visit_title(node)
         self.add_secnumber(node)
         self.add_fignumber(node.parent)
         if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.table):
@@ -413,14 +413,14 @@ class HTMLTranslator(BaseTranslator):
         elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.table):
             self.body.append('</span>')
 
-        BaseTranslator.depart_title(self, node)
+        super(HTMLTranslator, self).depart_title(node)
 
     # overwritten
     def visit_literal_block(self, node):
         # type: (nodes.literal_block) -> None
         if node.rawsource != node.astext():
             # most probably a parsed-literal block -- don't highlight
-            return BaseTranslator.visit_literal_block(self, node)
+            return super(HTMLTranslator, self).visit_literal_block(node)
 
         lang = node.get('language', 'default')
         linenos = node.get('linenos', False)
@@ -446,7 +446,7 @@ class HTMLTranslator(BaseTranslator):
         if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.container) and node.parent.get('literal_block'):
             self.body.append('<div class="code-block-caption">')
         else:
-            BaseTranslator.visit_caption(self, node)
+            super(HTMLTranslator, self).visit_caption(node)
         self.add_fignumber(node.parent)
         self.body.append(self.starttag(node, 'span', '', CLASS='caption-text'))
 
@@ -467,7 +467,7 @@ class HTMLTranslator(BaseTranslator):
         if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.container) and node.parent.get('literal_block'):
             self.body.append('</div>\n')
         else:
-            BaseTranslator.depart_caption(self, node)
+            super(HTMLTranslator, self).depart_caption(node)
 
     def visit_doctest_block(self, node):
         # type: (nodes.doctest_block) -> None
@@ -552,7 +552,7 @@ class HTMLTranslator(BaseTranslator):
         if isinstance(node.parent, addnodes.versionmodified):
             # Never compact versionmodified nodes.
             return False
-        return BaseTranslator.should_be_compact_paragraph(self, node)
+        return super(HTMLTranslator, self).should_be_compact_paragraph(node)
 
     def visit_compact_paragraph(self, node):
         # type: (addnodes.compact_paragraph) -> None
@@ -626,7 +626,7 @@ class HTMLTranslator(BaseTranslator):
                         node['width'] = str(size[0])
                     if 'height' not in node:
                         node['height'] = str(size[1])
-        BaseTranslator.visit_image(self, node)
+        super(HTMLTranslator, self).visit_image(node)
 
     # overwritten
     def depart_image(self, node):
@@ -634,7 +634,7 @@ class HTMLTranslator(BaseTranslator):
         if node['uri'].lower().endswith(('svg', 'svgz')):
             self.body.append(self.context.pop())
         else:
-            BaseTranslator.depart_image(self, node)
+            super(HTMLTranslator, self).depart_image(node)
 
     def visit_toctree(self, node):
         # type: (addnodes.toctree) -> None
@@ -684,7 +684,7 @@ class HTMLTranslator(BaseTranslator):
 
     def visit_option_group(self, node):
         # type: (nodes.option_group) -> None
-        BaseTranslator.visit_option_group(self, node)
+        super(HTMLTranslator, self).visit_option_group(node)
         self.context[-2] = self.context[-2].replace('&nbsp;', '&#160;')
 
     # overwritten
@@ -827,7 +827,7 @@ class HTMLTranslator(BaseTranslator):
     def visit_table(self, node):
         # type: (nodes.table) -> None
         self._table_row_index = 0
-        return BaseTranslator.visit_table(self, node)
+        return super(HTMLTranslator, self).visit_table(node)
 
     def visit_row(self, node):
         # type: (nodes.row) -> None
@@ -841,14 +841,14 @@ class HTMLTranslator(BaseTranslator):
 
     def visit_entry(self, node):
         # type: (nodes.entry) -> None
-        BaseTranslator.visit_entry(self, node)
+        super(HTMLTranslator, self).visit_entry(node)
         if self.body[-1] == '&nbsp;':
             self.body[-1] = '&#160;'
 
     def visit_field_list(self, node):
         # type: (nodes.field_list) -> None
         self._fieldlist_row_index = 0
-        return BaseTranslator.visit_field_list(self, node)
+        return super(HTMLTranslator, self).visit_field_list(node)
 
     def visit_field(self, node):
         # type: (nodes.field) -> None
@@ -862,7 +862,7 @@ class HTMLTranslator(BaseTranslator):
     def visit_field_name(self, node):
         # type: (nodes.field_name) -> None
         context_count = len(self.context)
-        BaseTranslator.visit_field_name(self, node)
+        super(HTMLTranslator, self).visit_field_name(node)
         if context_count != len(self.context):
             self.context[-1] = self.context[-1].replace('&nbsp;', '&#160;')
 
diff --git a/sphinx/writers/html5.py b/sphinx/writers/html5.py
index 66428593d..1b499823b 100644
--- a/sphinx/writers/html5.py
+++ b/sphinx/writers/html5.py
@@ -328,12 +328,12 @@ class HTML5Translator(BaseTranslator):
         if len(node) == 1 and node[0].tagname == 'toctree':
             # avoid emitting empty <ul></ul>
             raise nodes.SkipNode
-        BaseTranslator.visit_bullet_list(self, node)
+        super(HTML5Translator, self).visit_bullet_list(node)
 
     # overwritten
     def visit_title(self, node):
         # type: (nodes.title) -> None
-        BaseTranslator.visit_title(self, node)
+        super(HTML5Translator, self).visit_title(node)
         self.add_secnumber(node)
         self.add_fignumber(node.parent)
         if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.table):
@@ -359,14 +359,14 @@ class HTML5Translator(BaseTranslator):
         elif isinstance(node.parent, nodes.table):
             self.body.append('</span>')
 
-        BaseTranslator.depart_title(self, node)
+        super(HTML5Translator, self).depart_title(node)
 
     # overwritten
     def visit_literal_block(self, node):
         # type: (nodes.literal_block) -> None
         if node.rawsource != node.astext():
             # most probably a parsed-literal block -- don't highlight
-            return BaseTranslator.visit_literal_block(self, node)
+            return super(HTML5Translator, self).visit_literal_block(node)
 
         lang = node.get('language', 'default')
         linenos = node.get('linenos', False)
@@ -392,7 +392,7 @@ class HTML5Translator(BaseTranslator):
         if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.container) and node.parent.get('literal_block'):
             self.body.append('<div class="code-block-caption">')
         else:
-            BaseTranslator.visit_caption(self, node)
+            super(HTML5Translator, self).visit_caption(node)
         self.add_fignumber(node.parent)
         self.body.append(self.starttag(node, 'span', '', CLASS='caption-text'))
 
@@ -413,7 +413,7 @@ class HTML5Translator(BaseTranslator):
         if isinstance(node.parent, nodes.container) and node.parent.get('literal_block'):
             self.body.append('</div>\n')
         else:
-            BaseTranslator.depart_caption(self, node)
+            super(HTML5Translator, self).depart_caption(node)
 
     def visit_doctest_block(self, node):
         # type: (nodes.doctest_block) -> None
@@ -498,7 +498,7 @@ class HTML5Translator(BaseTranslator):
         if isinstance(node.parent, addnodes.versionmodified):
             # Never compact versionmodified nodes.
             return False
-        return BaseTranslator.should_be_compact_paragraph(self, node)
+        return super(HTML5Translator, self).should_be_compact_paragraph(node)
 
     def visit_compact_paragraph(self, node):
         # type: (addnodes.compact_paragraph) -> None
@@ -572,7 +572,7 @@ class HTML5Translator(BaseTranslator):
                         node['width'] = str(size[0])
                     if 'height' not in node:
                         node['height'] = str(size[1])
-        BaseTranslator.visit_image(self, node)
+        super(HTML5Translator, self).visit_image(node)
 
     # overwritten
     def depart_image(self, node):
@@ -580,7 +580,7 @@ class HTML5Translator(BaseTranslator):
         if node['uri'].lower().endswith(('svg', 'svgz')):
             self.body.append(self.context.pop())
         else:
-            BaseTranslator.depart_image(self, node)
+            super(HTML5Translator, self).depart_image(node)
 
     def visit_toctree(self, node):
         # type: (addnodes.toctree) -> None
@@ -806,7 +806,7 @@ class HTML5Translator(BaseTranslator):
     def visit_field_list(self, node):
         # type: (nodes.field_list) -> None
         self._fieldlist_row_index = 0
-        return BaseTranslator.visit_field_list(self, node)
+        return super(HTML5Translator, self).visit_field_list(node)
 
     def visit_field(self, node):
         # type: (nodes.field) -> None
diff --git a/sphinx/writers/manpage.py b/sphinx/writers/manpage.py
index b616a8233..9249266d2 100644
--- a/sphinx/writers/manpage.py
+++ b/sphinx/writers/manpage.py
@@ -248,7 +248,7 @@ class ManualPageTranslator(BaseTranslator):
         if node.traverse(nodes.strong):
             self.body.append('\n')
         else:
-            BaseTranslator.visit_term(self, node)
+            super(ManualPageTranslator, self).visit_term(node)
 
     # overwritten -- we don't want source comments to show up
     def visit_comment(self, node):
@@ -259,7 +259,7 @@ class ManualPageTranslator(BaseTranslator):
     def visit_footnote(self, node):
         # type: (nodes.footnote) -> None
         self.ensure_eol()
-        BaseTranslator.visit_footnote(self, node)
+        super(ManualPageTranslator, self).visit_footnote(node)
 
     # overwritten -- handle footnotes rubric
     def visit_rubric(self, node):
@@ -471,14 +471,14 @@ class ManualPageTranslator(BaseTranslator):
                 self.body.append('.SH %s\n' %
                                  self.deunicode(node.astext().upper()))
                 raise nodes.SkipNode
-        return BaseTranslator.visit_title(self, node)
+        return super(ManualPageTranslator, self).visit_title(node)
 
     def depart_title(self, node):
         # type: (nodes.title) -> None
         if isinstance(node.parent, addnodes.seealso):
             self.body.append('"\n')
             return
-        return BaseTranslator.depart_title(self, node)
+        return super(ManualPageTranslator, self).depart_title(node)
 
     def visit_raw(self, node):
         # type: (nodes.raw) -> None
diff --git a/sphinx/writers/text.py b/sphinx/writers/text.py
index 78d015c18..dc077e385 100644
--- a/sphinx/writers/text.py
+++ b/sphinx/writers/text.py
@@ -333,7 +333,7 @@ class TextWrapper(textwrap.TextWrapper):
         """
         def split(t):
             # type: (unicode) -> List[unicode]
-            return textwrap.TextWrapper._split(self, t)  # type: ignore
+            return super(TextWrapper, self)._split(t)  # type: ignore
         chunks = []  # type: List[unicode]
         for chunk in split(text):
             for w, g in groupby(chunk, column_width):
diff --git a/sphinx/writers/xml.py b/sphinx/writers/xml.py
index 824fba304..2a18c173c 100644
--- a/sphinx/writers/xml.py
+++ b/sphinx/writers/xml.py
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ class XMLWriter(BaseXMLWriter):
             self.builder.env.config.xml_pretty
         self.document.settings.xml_declaration = True
         self.document.settings.doctype_declaration = True
-        return BaseXMLWriter.translate(self)
+        return super(XMLWriter, self).translate()
 
 
 class PseudoXMLWriter(writers.Writer):